用RPM包方式安装GreatSQL数据库
转载自：https://greatsql.cn/docs/user-manual/3-quick-start/3-1-quick-start-with-rpm.html
本文档主要介绍如何用RPM包方式安装GreatSQL数据库，假定本次安装是在CentOS 7.x x86_64环境中安装，并且是以root用户身份执行安装操作。
下载安装包
下载地址：https://gitee.com/GreatSQL/GreatSQL/releases/
下载最新的安装包，下载以下几个就可以：
greatsql-client-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
greatsql-devel-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
greatsql-shared-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
greatsql-server-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
运行环境配置
关闭selinux和防火墙
#关闭selinux
$ setenforce=0
$ sed -i '/^SELINUX=/c'SELINUX=disabled /etc/selinux/config
#关闭防火墙
$ systemctl disable firewalld
$ systemctl stop firewalld
$ systemctl disable iptables
$ systemctl stop iptables
另外，要先确认YUM源可用，因为安装GreatSQL时还要先安装其他依赖包，通过YUM安装最省事。
如果需要配置YUM源，可以参考这篇文档.
安装依赖包
安装GreatSQL RPM包时，要先安装这些相关依赖包。
$ yum install -y pkg-config perl libaio-devel numactl-devel numactl-libs net-tools openssl openssl-devel jemalloc jemalloc-devel
如果有更多依赖包需要安装，请自行添加。
注意:CentOS 7主机使用阿里云镜像源的操作
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
yum -y install epel-release (安装jemalloc jemalloc-devel需要安装这个软件源，否则会找不到软件包)
yum makecache
centos7 安装 pkg-config
1.官网下载自己想要的版本，我这里下载的是目前最新版
https://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/releases/
下载地址: http://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/releases/pkg-config-0.29.2.tar.gz
2.安装
tar xf pkg-config-0.29.2.tar.gz
cd pkg-config-0.29.2
yum install -y gcc gcc-devel
./configure --with-internal-glib #需要加此选项，否则会报如下错：
make
make check
make install
安装RPM包
执行下面的命令安装PRM包，如果一切顺利的话，相应的过程如下所示：
# rpm -ivh greatsql*rpm # 安装报错，提示跟mariadb-libs有冲突
准备中... ################################# [100%]
file /etc/my.cnf from install of greatsql-server-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
file /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin/dialog.so from install of greatsql-server-8.0.25-17.1.el7.x86_64 conflicts with file from package mariadb-libs-1:5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@node1 src]# rpm -qa | grep "mariadb"
mariadb-libs-5.5.68-1.el7.x86_64
[root@node1 src]# yum remove mariadb-libs # 卸载mariadb-libs，再次进行安装就可以了
[root@node1 src]# rpm -qa | grep "mariadb"
[root@node1 src]# rpm -ivh greatsql*rpm
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:greatsql-shared-8.0.25-17.1.el7 ################################# [ 25%]
2:greatsql-client-8.0.25-17.1.el7 ################################# [ 50%]
3:greatsql-server-8.0.25-17.1.el7 ################################# [ 75%]
4:greatsql-devel-8.0.25-17.1.el7 ################################# [100%]
这就安装成功了。
启动GreatSQL
启动GreatSQL服务前，先修改systemd文件，调高一些limit上限，避免出现文件数、线程数不够用的告警。
# 在[Server]区间增加下面几行内容
$ vim /lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
...
[Service]
# some limits
# file size
LimitFSIZE=infinity
# cpu time
LimitCPU=infinity
# virtual memory size
LimitAS=infinity
# open files
LimitNOFILE=65535
# processes/threads
LimitNPROC=65535
# locked memory
LimitMEMLOCK=infinity
# total threads (user+kernel)
TasksMax=infinity
TasksAccounting=false
...
保存退出，然后再执行命令重载systemd，如果没问题就不会报错：
$ systemctl daemon-reload
执行下面的命令启动GreatSQL服务
$ systemctl start mysqld
检查服务是否已启动，以及进程状态：
$ systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2022-07-06 10:35:57 CST; 42s ago
Docs: man:mysqld(8)
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
Process: 43570 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 43653 (mysqld)
Status: "Server is operational"
Tasks: 39 (limit: 149064)
Memory: 446.4M
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─43653 /usr/sbin/mysqld
...
$ ps -ef | grep mysqld
mysql 43653 1 3 10:35 ? 00:00:02 /usr/sbin/mysqld
$ ss -lntp | grep mysqld
LISTEN 0 70 *:33060 *:* users:(("mysqld",pid=43653,fd=23))
LISTEN 0 128 *:3306 *:* users:(("mysqld",pid=43653,fd=26))
# 查看数据库文件
$ ls /var/lib/mysql
auto.cnf ca.pem '#ib_16384_1.dblwr' ib_logfile1 mysql.ibd mysqlx.sock.lock server-cert.pem undo_002
binlog.000001 client-cert.pem ib_buffer_pool ibtmp1 mysql.sock performance_schema server-key.pem
binlog.index client-key.pem ibdata1 '#innodb_temp' mysql.sock.lock private_key.pem sys
ca-key.pem '#ib_16384_0.dblwr' ib_logfile0 mysql mysqlx.sock public_key.pem undo_001
可以看到，GreatSQL服务已经正常启动了。
连接登入GreatSQL
RPM方式安装GreatSQL后，会随机生成管理员root的密码，通过搜索日志文件获取：
$ grep -i root /var/log/mysqld.log
2022-07-06T02:35:54.691879Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: K<f9Iapd#wwp
可以看到，root账户的密码是："K<f9Iapd#wwp" (不包含双引号)，复制到粘贴板里。
首次登入GreatSQL后，要立即修改root密码，否则无法执行其他操作，并且新密码要符合一定安全规则：
mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: #<--这个地方粘贴上面复制的随机密码
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.25-16
Copyright (c) 2021-2021 GreatDB Software Co., Ltd
Copyright (c) 2009-2021 Percona LLC and/or its affiliates
Copyright (c) 2000, 2021, Oracle and/or its affiliates.
...
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> \s #<--想执行一个命令，提示要先修改密码
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> alter user user() identified by 'GreatSQL@2022'; #<--修改密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> \s #<--就可以正常执行其他命令了
--------------
mysql Ver 8.0.25-16 for Linux on x86_64 (GreatSQL (GPL), Release 16, Revision 8bb0e5af297)
Connection id: 8
Current database:
Current user: root@localhost
SSL: Not in use
Current pager: stdout
Using outfile: ''
Using delimiter: ;
Server version: 8.0.25-16
Protocol version: 10
Connection: Localhost via UNIX socket
Server characterset: utf8mb4
Db characterset: utf8mb4
Client characterset: utf8mb4
Conn. characterset: utf8mb4
UNIX socket: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
Binary data as: Hexadecimal
Uptime: 20 min 8 sec
Threads: 2 Questions: 7 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 130 Flush tables: 3 Open tables: 46 Queries per second avg: 0.005
--------------
mysql> show databases; #<--查看数据库列表
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>
关闭/重启GreatSQL
执行下面的命令关闭GreatSQL数据库。
$ systemctl stop mysqld
执行下面的命令重启GreatSQL数据库。
$ systemctl restart mysqld
注意事项：启动后监听任意地址的3306端口，但是账号密码是只限本地连接的
[root@node1 ~]# ss -tulnp|grep 3306
tcp LISTEN 0 70 [::]:33060 [::]:* users:(("mysqld",pid=18368,fd=22))
tcp LISTEN 0 151 [::]:3306 [::]:* users:(("mysqld",pid=18368,fd=25))
至此，RPM包方式安装GreatSQL数据库完成。
