Form表单数据
官方文档地址:https://fastapi.tiangolo.com/zh/tutorial/request-forms/
接收的不是 JSON,而是表单字段时,要使用 Form
要使用表单,需预先安装 python-multipart:pip install python-multipart
# 从 fastapi 导入 Form
from fastapi import FastAPI, Form
app = FastAPI()
@app.post("/login/")
async def login(username: str = Form(...), password: str = Form(...)): # 定义 Form 参数
return {"username": username}
OAuth2 规范的 "密码流" 模式规定要通过表单字段发送 username 和 password。该规范要求字段必须命名为 username 和 password,并通过表单字段发送,不能用 JSON。
声明表单体要显式使用 Form ,否则,FastAPI 会把该参数当作查询参数或请求体(JSON)参数。
HTML 表单(<form></form>
)向服务器发送数据通常使用「特殊」的编码。FastAPI 要确保从正确的位置读取数据,而不是读取 JSON。
表单数据的「媒体类型」编码一般为 application/x-www-form-urlencoded
。但包含文件的表单编码为 multipart/form-data
。
可在一个路径操作中声明多个 Form 参数,但不能同时声明要接收 JSON 的 Body 字段。因为此时请求体的编码是
application/x-www-form-urlencoded
,不是application/json
。
代码示例
├── main.py
└── templates
└── index.html
└── post.html
main.py
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
from fastapi import FastAPI, Form, Request
from fastapi.templating import Jinja2Templates
app = FastAPI()
templates = Jinja2Templates(directory="templates")
@app.post("/user/")
async def form_text(request: Request, username: str = Form(...), password: str = Form(...)):
print('username', username)
print('password', password)
# return {'text_1':text_1 , 'text_2': text_2}
return templates.TemplateResponse('index.html', {'request': request, 'username': username, 'password': password})
@app.get("/")
async def main(request: Request):
return templates.TemplateResponse('post.html', {'request': request})
if __name__ == '__main__':
import uvicorn
uvicorn.run(app, host="127.0.0.1", port=8000)
templates/index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<!-- The above 3 meta tags *must* come first in the head; any other head content must come *after* these tags -->
<meta name="description" content="">
<meta name="author" content="">
<!-- <link rel="icon" href="../../favicon.ico"> -->
<title>Signin Template for Bootstrap</title>
<!-- Bootstrap core CSS -->
<!-- <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@3.3.7/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u" crossorigin="anonymous"> -->
<!-- Custom styles for this template -->
<!-- <link href="../static/css/signin.css" rel="stylesheet"> -->
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>HELLO..{{ username }}</h1>
<h1>HELLO..{{ password }}</h1>
</div> <!-- /container -->
</body>
</html>
templates/post.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<form action="/user/" enctype="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" method="post">
<label>username</label>
<br>
<input name="username" type="username">
<br>
<label>password</label>
<br>
<input name="password" type="password">
<br><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>