使用JavaMail发送邮件

一、背景

　　我们在实际开发中，常常会遇到需要使用java代码进行发送邮件的需求，我们可以通过这种方式向用户推送通知等。

二、Java代码

package com.hafiz.zhang.mail;

import java.util.Properties;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.Address;
import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;


public class Mail { 

    private MimeMessage mimeMsg; //MIME邮件对象 
    private Session session; //邮件会话对象 
    private Properties props; //系统属性 
    private boolean needAuth = false; //smtp是否需要认证 
    //smtp认证用户名和密码 
    private String username; 
    private String password; 
    private Multipart mp; //Multipart对象,邮件内容,标题,附件等内容均添加到其中后再生成MimeMessage对象 

    /**
     * Constructor
     * @param smtp 邮件发送服务器
     */
    public Mail(String smtp){ 
        setSmtpHost(smtp); 
        createMimeMessage(); 
    } 

    /**
     * 设置邮件发送服务器
     * @param hostName String 
     */
    public void setSmtpHost(String hostName) { 
        System.out.println("设置系统属性：mail.smtp.host = "+hostName); 
        if(props == null)
            props = System.getProperties(); //获得系统属性对象     
        props.put("mail.smtp.host",hostName); //设置SMTP主机 
    } 


    /**
     * 创建MIME邮件对象  
     * @return
     */
    public boolean createMimeMessage() 
    { 
        try { 
            System.out.println("准备获取邮件会话对象！"); 
            session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props,null); //获得邮件会话对象 
        } 
        catch(Exception e){ 
            System.err.println("获取邮件会话对象时发生错误！"+e); 
            return false; 
        } 

        System.out.println("准备创建MIME邮件对象！"); 
        try { 
            mimeMsg = new MimeMessage(session); //创建MIME邮件对象 
            mp = new MimeMultipart(); 

            return true; 
        } catch(Exception e){ 
            System.err.println("创建MIME邮件对象失败！"+e); 
            return false; 
        } 
    }     

    /**
     * 设置SMTP是否需要验证
     * @param need
     */
    public void setNeedAuth(boolean need) { 
        System.out.println("设置smtp身份认证：mail.smtp.auth = "+need); 
        if(props == null) props = System.getProperties(); 
        if(need){ 
            props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true"); 
        }else{ 
            props.put("mail.smtp.auth","false"); 
        } 
    } 

    /**
     * 设置用户名和密码
     * @param name
     * @param pass
     */
    public void setNamePass(String name,String pass) { 
        username = name; 
        password = pass; 
    } 

    /**
     * 设置邮件主题
     * @param mailSubject
     * @return
     */
    public boolean setSubject(String mailSubject) { 
        System.out.println("设置邮件主题！"); 
        try{ 
            mimeMsg.setSubject(mailSubject); 
            return true; 
        } 
        catch(Exception e) { 
            System.err.println("设置邮件主题发生错误！"); 
            return false; 
        } 
    }

    /** 
     * 设置邮件正文
     * @param mailBody String 
     */ 
    public boolean setBody(String mailBody) { 
        try{ 
            BodyPart bp = new MimeBodyPart(); 
            bp.setContent(""+mailBody,"text/html;charset=GBK"); 
            mp.addBodyPart(bp); 

            return true; 
        } catch(Exception e){ 
        System.err.println("设置邮件正文时发生错误！"+e); 
        return false; 
        } 
    } 
    /** 
     * 添加附件
     * @param filename String 
     */ 
    public boolean addFileAffix(String filename) { 

        System.out.println("增加邮件附件："+filename); 
        try{ 
            BodyPart bp = new MimeBodyPart(); 
            FileDataSource fileds = new FileDataSource(filename); 
            bp.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fileds)); 
            bp.setFileName(fileds.getName()); 

            mp.addBodyPart(bp); 

            return true; 
        } catch(Exception e){ 
            System.err.println("增加邮件附件："+filename+"发生错误！"+e); 
            return false; 
        } 
    } 

    /** 
     * 设置发信人
     * @param from String 
     */ 
    public boolean setFrom(String from) { 
        System.out.println("设置发信人！"); 
        try{ 
            mimeMsg.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from)); //设置发信人 
            return true; 
        } catch(Exception e) { 
            return false; 
        } 
    } 
    /** 
     * 设置收信人
     * @param to String 
     */ 
    public boolean setTo(String to){ 
        if(to == null)return false; 
        try{ 
            mimeMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO,InternetAddress.parse(to)); 
            return true; 
        } catch(Exception e) { 
            return false; 
        }     
    } 

    /** 
     * 设置抄送人
     * @param copyto String  
     */ 
    public boolean setCopyTo(String copyto) 
    { 
        if(copyto == null)return false; 
        try{ 
        mimeMsg.setRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC,(Address[])InternetAddress.parse(copyto)); 
        return true; 
        } 
        catch(Exception e) 
        { return false; } 
    } 

    /** 
     * 发送邮件
     */ 
    public boolean sendOut() 
    { 
        try{ 
            mimeMsg.setContent(mp); 
            mimeMsg.saveChanges(); 
            System.out.println("正在发送邮件...."); 

            Session mailSession = Session.getInstance(props,null); 
            Transport transport = mailSession.getTransport("smtp"); 
            transport.connect((String)props.get("mail.smtp.host"),username,password); 
            transport.sendMessage(mimeMsg,mimeMsg.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.TO)); 
            transport.sendMessage(mimeMsg,mimeMsg.getRecipients(Message.RecipientType.CC)); 
            //transport.send(mimeMsg); 

            System.out.println("发送邮件成功！"); 
            transport.close(); 

            return true; 
        } catch(Exception e) { 
            System.err.println("邮件发送失败！"+e); 
            return false; 
        } 
    } 

    /**
     * 调用sendOut方法完成邮件发送
     * @param smtp
     * @param from
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     * @param username
     * @param password
     * @return boolean
     */
    public static boolean send(String smtp,String from,String to,String subject,String content,String username,String password) {
        Mail theMail = new Mail(smtp);
        theMail.setNeedAuth(true); //需要验证

        if(!theMail.setSubject(subject)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setBody(content)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setTo(to)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setFrom(from)) return false;
        theMail.setNamePass(username,password);

        if(!theMail.sendOut()) return false;
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 调用sendOut方法完成邮件发送,带抄送
     * @param smtp
     * @param from
     * @param to
     * @param copyto
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     * @param username
     * @param password
     * @return boolean
     */
    public static boolean sendAndCc(String smtp,String from,String to,String copyto,String subject,String content,String username,String password) {
        Mail theMail = new Mail(smtp);
        theMail.setNeedAuth(true); //需要验证

        if(!theMail.setSubject(subject)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setBody(content)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setTo(to)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setCopyTo(copyto)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setFrom(from)) return false;
        theMail.setNamePass(username,password);

        if(!theMail.sendOut()) return false;
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 调用sendOut方法完成邮件发送,带附件
     * @param smtp
     * @param from
     * @param to
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     * @param username
     * @param password
     * @param filename 附件路径
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean send(String smtp,String from,String to,String subject,String content,String username,String password,String filename) {
        Mail theMail = new Mail(smtp);
        theMail.setNeedAuth(true); //需要验证

        if(!theMail.setSubject(subject)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setBody(content)) return false;
        if(!theMail.addFileAffix(filename)) return false; 
        if(!theMail.setTo(to)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setFrom(from)) return false;
        theMail.setNamePass(username,password);

        if(!theMail.sendOut()) return false;
        return true;
    }

    /**
     * 调用sendOut方法完成邮件发送,带附件和抄送
     * @param smtp
     * @param from
     * @param to
     * @param copyto
     * @param subject
     * @param content
     * @param username
     * @param password
     * @param filename
     * @return
     */
    public static boolean sendAndCc(String smtp,String from,String to,String copyto,String subject,String content,String username,String password,String filename) {
        Mail theMail = new Mail(smtp);
        theMail.setNeedAuth(true); //需要验证

        if(!theMail.setSubject(subject)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setBody(content)) return false;
        if(!theMail.addFileAffix(filename)) return false; 
        if(!theMail.setTo(to)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setCopyTo(copyto)) return false;
        if(!theMail.setFrom(from)) return false;
        theMail.setNamePass(username,password);

        if(!theMail.sendOut()) return false;
        return true;
    }

} 

测试代码如下：

public static void main(String[] args){
    String smtp = "SMTP服务器";
    String from = "发信人";
    String to = "收信人";
    String copyto = "抄送人";
    String subject = "邮件主题";
    String content = "邮件内容";
    String username="用户名";
    String password="密码";
     String filename = "附件路径，如：F:\\笔记<a>\\struts2</a>与mvc.txt";
    Mail.sendAndCc(smtp, from, to, copyto, subject, content, username, password, filename);
}