107. Binary Tree Level Order Traversal II

问题:

给定二叉树,进行层序遍历,从底层向上输出。

Example 1:
Input: root = [3,9,20,null,null,15,7]
Output: [[15,7],[9,20],[3]]

Example 2:
Input: root = [1]
Output: [[1]]

Example 3:
Input: root = []
Output: []
 
Constraints:
The number of nodes in the tree is in the range [0, 2000].
-1000 <= Node.val <= 1000

  

解法:BFS,DFS

解法一:BFS

从root向底层遍历二叉树:

queue:每层节点。

stack:保存每层结果。

最后将stack中的结果依次pop到res中,返回。

 

代码参考:

 1 /**
 2  * Definition for a binary tree node.
 3  * struct TreeNode {
 4  *     int val;
 5  *     TreeNode *left;
 6  *     TreeNode *right;
 7  *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 8  *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 9  *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
10  * };
11  */
12 class Solution {
13 public:
14     vector<vector<int>> levelOrderBottom(TreeNode* root) {
15         queue<TreeNode*> q;
16         vector<vector<int>> res;
17         stack<vector<int>> levelset;
18         if(root) q.push(root);
19         while(!q.empty()) {
20             int sz = q.size();
21             vector<int> curlevel;
22             for(int i=0; i<sz; i++) {
23                 TreeNode* cur = q.front();
24                 q.pop();
25                 curlevel.push_back(cur->val);
26                 if(cur->left) q.push(cur->left);
27                 if(cur->right) q.push(cur->right);
28             }
29             if(!curlevel.empty()) levelset.push(curlevel);
30         }
31         while(!levelset.empty()) {
32             res.push_back(levelset.top());
33             levelset.pop();
34         }
35         return res;
36     }
37 };

 

解法二:DFS

  • 状态:当前节点root,当前层level
  • 选择:下一层level:
    • root->left, level+1
    • root->right, level+1
  • 递归退出条件:root==null

深度优先搜索:先遍历到:左下角第一个子节点->从左到右第二个子节点...

在遍历第一个子节点的路途中(res.size一定==当前level),依次遍历第0层,第1层,第2层...第n层,同时创建每一层res[level],即:res.push_back( vector<int>() );

同时把路过的各层第一个节点加入各层res中:res.[level].push_back(root->val);

 

最后返回反向遍历的res:vector<vector<int>> (res.rbegin(), res.rend());

 

代码参考:

 1 /**
 2  * Definition for a binary tree node.
 3  * struct TreeNode {
 4  *     int val;
 5  *     TreeNode *left;
 6  *     TreeNode *right;
 7  *     TreeNode() : val(0), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 8  *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(nullptr), right(nullptr) {}
 9  *     TreeNode(int x, TreeNode *left, TreeNode *right) : val(x), left(left), right(right) {}
10  * };
11  */
12 class Solution {
13 public:
14     vector<vector<int>> res;
15     void dfs(TreeNode* root, int level) {
16         if(!root) return;
17         if(level==res.size()) res.push_back(vector<int>());//for every new level: initialize res 
18         res[level].push_back(root->val);
19         dfs(root->left, level+1);
20         dfs(root->right,level+1);
21         return;
22     }
23     vector<vector<int>> levelOrderBottom(TreeNode* root) {
24         dfs(root, 0);
25         return vector<vector<int>>(res.rbegin(), res.rend());
26     }
27 };

 

posted @ 2021-02-25 11:26  habibah_chang  阅读(53)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报