全栈开发微信公众号
准备
注册微信订阅号
注册小程序测试号
sunny-ngrok工具安装及注册账号
注意:sunny-ngrok的原型是ngrok,不过是国外的,sunny-ngrok类似是国内的一个私服,速度更快了,主要作用是域名转发,模拟公网ip和端口,甚至可以配置了给客户在公网上展示项目。地址: http://www.ngrok.cc/ ,进去后注册开通隧道,有免费的。
记住:一个微信号只能注册一种微信产品,但是可以管理多个。
使用sunny-ngrok尝试一次转发
下载工具,启动工具,输入隧道id,回车
说明127.0.0.1:3000将被转发到~~~.com公网ip上
建个weixin目录,npm初始化
{
"name": "weixin-lesson",
"version": "1.0.0",
"description": "微信开发课程备课资料 ====",
"main": "index.js",
"directories": {
"doc": "doc"
},
"scripts": {
"sunny": "./bin/sunny clientid 62d16df91a118fd3",
"ngrok": "./bin/ngrok http 3000",
"test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
},
"repository": {
"type": "git",
"url": "git@gitlab.kaikeba.com:web_dev/weixin-lesson.git"
},
"author": "",
"license": "ISC",
"dependencies": {
"axios": "^0.18.0",
"co-wechat": "^2.3.0",
"co-wechat-oauth": "^2.0.1",
"crypto": "^1.0.1",
"express": "^4.16.4",
"jsonwebtoken": "^8.4.0",
"koa": "^2.6.2",
"koa-bodyparser": "^4.2.1",
"koa-compress": "^3.0.0",
"koa-jwt": "^3.5.1",
"koa-route": "^3.2.0",
"koa-router": "^7.4.0",
"koa-socket": "^4.4.0",
"koa-static": "^5.0.0",
"koa-views": "^6.1.5",
"koa-websocket": "^5.0.1",
"koa-xml-body": "^2.1.0",
"moment": "^2.23.0",
"mongoose": "^5.4.4",
"promise-redis": "0.0.5",
"pug": "^2.0.3",
"redis": "^2.8.0",
"request": "^2.88.0",
"request-promise": "^4.2.2",
"socket.io": "^2.2.0",
"watch": "^1.0.2",
"wechat": "^2.1.0",
"wechat-oauth": "^1.5.0",
"xml2js": "^0.4.19"
}
}
weixin目录下建立seed目录,seed目录下建立index.js和index.html
const Koa = require('koa')
const Router = require('koa-router')
const static = require('koa-static')
const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');
const app = new Koa()
app.use(bodyParser())
const router = new Router()
app.use(static(__dirname + '/'))
app.use(router.routes()); /*启动路由*/
app.use(router.allowedMethods());
app.listen(3000);
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=0">
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@2.1.10/dist/vue.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/cube-ui/lib/cube.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/qs/6.6.0/qs.js"></script>
<script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.4.0.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/cube-ui/lib/cube.min.css">
<style>
/* .cube-btn {
margin: 10px 0;
} */
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<cube-input v-model="value"></cube-input>
<cube-button @click='click'>Click</cube-button>
</div>
<script>
var app = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
value: 'input'
},
methods: {
click: function () {
console.log('click')
}
},
mounted: function () {
},
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
在seed目录打开终端,执行nodemon,300端口打开127.0.0.1
在打开隧道赠送的域名
使用消息接口
微信自带消息自动回复功能,可以在公众平台设置,但是很死板,无法动态回复消息
进入微信开发者工具,申请公众平台测试账号
有一些配置,填写转发的域名,token随意,要和服务器的用的一样
再就是在项目里配置,新建一个conf.js
module.exports={
appid: 'wx77f481fc8a9113a4',
appsecret: '2b84470b9fb0f8166a8518c5b40edaf9',
token: 'qweqwe'
}
在index.js里引入
使用一个库co-wechat
const Koa = require('koa')
const Router = require('koa-router')
const static = require('koa-static')
const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');
const app = new Koa()
const conf = require('./conf')//引入conf
app.use(bodyParser())
const router = new Router()
app.use(static(__dirname + '/'))
const wechat = require('co-wechat')//使用co-wechat库
router.all('/wechat', wechat(conf).middleware(
async message => {
console.log('wechat:', message)
return 'Hello World ' + message.Content
}
))
app.use(router.routes()); /*启动路由*/
app.use(router.allowedMethods());
app.listen(3000);
知识点:co-开头的库是代表着满足异步要求的库
再去提交接口配置信息(要多试试,才能提交成功)
成功后,这个时候呢,可以关注下面的测试号二维码
发送1,会回复Hello World 1(如果是设置的没有这中获取用户发送的信息的方法,所以有时候也需要api),如下图
微信一些api的调用
相关文档: https://developers.weixin.qq.com/doc/offiaccount/Basic_Information/Get_access_token.html
获取token
const axios = require('axios')
const tokenCache = {
access_token:'',
updateTime:Date.now(),
expires_in:7200
}
router.get('/getTokens',async ctx => {//获取token
const wxDomain = `https://api.weixin.qq.com`
const path = `/cgi-bin/token`
const param = `?grant_type=client_credential&appid=${conf.appid}&secret=${conf.appsecret}`
const url = wxDomain + path + param
const res = await axios.get(url)
Object.assign(tokenCache,res.data,{
updateTime:Date.now()
})
ctx.body = res.data
})
获取用户信息
router.get('/getFollowers',async ctx => {//获取用户信息
const url = `https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/user/get?access_token=${tokenCache.access_token}`
const res = await axios.get(url)
console.log('getFollowers:',res)
ctx.body = res.data
})
上面都是原生的用法接下来我们使用co-wechat-api包来看看
安装 co-wechat-api
yarn add co-wechat-api
const WechatAPI = require('co-wechat-api')
const api = new WechatAPI(
conf.appid,
conf.appsecret,
// // 取Token
// async () => await ServerToken.findOne(),
// // 存Token
// async token => await ServerToken.updateOne({}, token, { upsert: true })
)
router.get('/getFollowers', async ctx => {
let res = await api.getFollowers()
res = await api.batchGetUsers(res.data.openid, 'zh_CN')//加上后会返回详细信息
ctx.body = res
})
全局票据
全局票据需要基于mongodb或者redires,我们用mongodb
新建个mongoose.js
const mongoose = require('mongoose')
const {
Schema
} = mongoose
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/weixin', {
useNewUrlParser: true
}, () => {
console.log('Mongodb connected..')
})
exports.ServerToken = mongoose.model('ServerToken', {
accessToken: String
});
index.js里改造上面用co-wechat-api的
const { ServerToken } = require('./mongoose')//全局票据来源
const WechatAPI = require('co-wechat-api')
const api = new WechatAPI(
conf.appid,
conf.appsecret,
// 取Token
async () => await ServerToken.findOne(),
// 存Token
async token => await ServerToken.updateOne({}, token, { upsert: true })
)
router.get('/getFollowers', async ctx => {
let res = await api.getFollowers()
res = await api.batchGetUsers(res.data.openid, 'zh_CN')
ctx.body = res
})
消息推动
就类似于这个,前台发送1,1,2
后台会显示前台的推送,而且更新echart
Oauth2认证流程
首先三个端,浏览器,服务器,微信服务器
1.浏览器向服务器发送认证请求
2.服务器让浏览器重定向微信认证界面
3.浏览器向微信服务器请求第三方认证(微信认证)
4.微信服务器毁掉给服务器一个认证code
5.服务器用code向微信服务器申请认证令牌
6.微信服务器返给服务器一个令牌
最后当服务器得到令牌认证成功后,发给浏览器一个指令,刷新界面
刷新后就会有一个用户信息
使用微信开发者工具,选择公众号网页,用来预览
相关文档:
实现一个微信认证登录
配置js接口安全域名,就是我们转发的公网域名(不用带协议):zhifeiji.free.idcfengye.com
再就是每个微信接口api那里也要授权,即下图的修改位置,修改的和上面一样
把前面的项目考过来再seed目录下继续写
index.js
const OAuth = require('co-wechat-oauth')//引入一个oauth库
const oauth = new OAuth(conf.appid,conf.appsecret)
/**
* 生成用户URL
*/
router.get('/wxAuthorize', async (ctx, next) => {
const state = ctx.query.id
console.log('ctx...' + ctx.href)
let redirectUrl = ctx.href
redirectUrl = redirectUrl.replace('wxAuthorize', 'wxCallback')
const scope = 'snsapi_userinfo'
const url = oauth.getAuthorizeURL(redirectUrl, state, scope)
console.log('url' + url)
ctx.redirect(url)
})
/**
* 用户回调方法
*/
router.get('/wxCallback', async ctx => {
const code = ctx.query.code
console.log('wxCallback code', code)
const token = await oauth.getAccessToken(code)
const accessToken = token.data.access_token
const openid = token.data.openid
console.log('accessToken', accessToken)
console.log('openid', openid)
ctx.redirect('/?openid=' + openid)
})
/**
* 获取用户信息
*/
router.get('/getUser', async ctx => {
const openid = ctx.query.openid
const userInfo = await oauth.getUser(openid)
console.log('userInfo:', userInfo)
ctx.body = userInfo
})
index.html
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,user-scalable=0">
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue@2.1.10/dist/vue.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/axios/dist/axios.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/cube-ui/lib/cube.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdn.bootcss.com/qs/6.6.0/qs.js"></script>
<script src="http://res.wx.qq.com/open/js/jweixin-1.4.0.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://unpkg.com/cube-ui/lib/cube.min.css">
<style>
/* .cube-btn {
margin: 10px 0;
} */
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="app">
<cube-input v-model="value"></cube-input>
<cube-button @click='click'>Click</cube-button>
<cube-button @click='getTokens'>getTokens</cube-button>
<cube-button @click='getFollowers'>getFollowers</cube-button>
<cube-button @click='auth'>微信登录</cube-button>
<cube-button @click='getUser'>获取用户信息</cube-button>
</div>
<script>
var app = new Vue({
el: '#app',
data: {
value: 'input'
},
methods: {
click: function () {
console.log('click')
},
async getTokens(){
const res = await axios.get('/getTokens')
console.log('res:',res)
},
async getFollowers(){
const res = await axios.get('/getFollowers')
console.log('res',res)
},
async auth(){
window.location.href = '/wxAuthorize'
},
async getUser(){
const qs = Qs.parse(window.location.search.substr(1))
const openid= qs.openid
const res = await axios.get('/getUser',{
params:{
openid
}
})
console.log('res',res)
}
},
mounted: function () {
},
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
全局票据(一样用到mongoose,从上次的修改)
mongoose.js
const mongoose = require('mongoose')
const {
Schema
} = mongoose
mongoose.connect('mongodb://localhost:27017/weixin', {
useNewUrlParser: true
}, () => {
console.log('Mongodb connected..')
})
exports.ServerToken = mongoose.model('ServerToken', {
accessToken: String
});
schema = new Schema({
access_token: String,
expires_in: Number,
refresh_token: String,
openid: String,
scope: String,
create_at: String
});
// 自定义getToken方法
schema.statics.getToken = async function (openid) {
return await this.findOne({
openid: openid
});
};
schema.statics.setToken = async function (openid, token) {
// 有则更新,无则添加
const query = {
openid: openid
};
const options = {
upsert: true
};
return await this.updateOne(query, token, options);
};
exports.ClientToken = mongoose.model('ClientToken', schema);
index.js
const { ServerToken,ClientToken } = require('./mongoose')//全局票据来源
const oauth = new OAuth(conf.appid, conf.appsecret,
async function (openid) {
return await ClientToken.getToken(openid)
},
async function (openid, token) {
return await ClientToken.setToken(openid, token)
}
)
微信jssdk
准备:
😊1.获取jsconfig
index.html
<cube-button @click='getJSConfig'>获取jsconfig</cube-button>
async getJSConfig(){
console.log('wx',wx)
const res = await axios.get('/getJSConfig',{
params:{
url:window.location.href
}
})
console.log('config',res)
res.data.jsApiList = ['onMenuShareTimeline']
wx.config(res.data)
wx.ready(function () {
console.log('wx.ready......')
})
}
index.js
/**
* 获取JSConfig
*/
router.get('/getJsConfig',async ctx => {
console.log('getJSSDK...',ctx.query)
const res = await api.getJsConfig(ctx.query)
ctx.body = res
})
如果能走到wx.ready(),说明这个时候可以使用别的功能那个api了
😊2.获取网络状态
在wx.ready()后加,当然在ready()里加最为合理
//获取网络状态
wx.getNetworkType({
success:function(res){
// 返回网络类型2g,3g,4g,wifi
const networkType = res.networkType
console.log('getNetworkType...', networkType)
}
})
下图可见当前是wifi
好了,到这里基本上已经知道怎么去调用微信jssdk了,但是呢,开发过程中是前后端分离的,所以我们要有特定的写法
前后端分离的开发
cubeui(前端目录)
安装依赖
npm run watch
quiz(后端目录)
nodemon server.js
项目丢这里,可以自己看看
文档: