使用CEF类库处理HTTP请求

当我们基于CEF开发应用时,可能会有URL请求处理的需求,比如HTTP下载或上传,此时可以利用CEF提供的类库来完成,而不必自己实现或引入其它第三方的类库。

在CEF里为URL Request设计了两组类,一组用于执行网络请求,一组代表请求数据。

URLRequest

CefURLRequest是执行URL请求的类(接口),对应的头文件是cef_urlrequest.h,实现则在libcef/common/urlrequest_impl.cc文件中。

CefURLRequest类的静态方法Create()可以创建并执行一个URL请求。它的原型如下:

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<code>static CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> Create(
      CefRefPtr<cefrequest> request,
      CefRefPtr<cefurlrequestclient> client,
      CefRefPtr<cefrequestcontext> request_context);
</cefrequestcontext></cefurlrequestclient></cefrequest></cefurlrequest></code>

第一个参数,类型是CefRequest,代表一个URL请求,CEF库内部已经实现了,后面会讲到。

第二个参数,类型是CefURLRequestClient,用于接收服务器返回的状态和数据,需要我们自己继承CefURLRequestClient接口实现一个非抽象类。后面有了。

第三个参数,CefRequestContext,为NULL时内部会自己创建一个合适的Context,不为NULL时就用传入的Context。

Create方法会根据当前是Browser进程还是Renderer进程来创建对应的URLRequest类,CefBrowserURLRequest(browser_urlrequest_impl.h/.cc)或CefRenderURLRequest(render_urlrequest_impl.h/.cc)。

这么分析下来,我们要进行URL请求,实际上要做的工作就是:

构造一个CefRequest,代表我们的请求 写一个类实现CefURLRequestClient接口来处理响应。 调用CefURLRequest::Create()创建一个URL请求处理对象

构造Request

CefRequest类代表了一个URL请求,它里面可以配置方法、URL、头部、上传的数据等。下面的代码片段演示了如何构造一个 CefRequest 对象:

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<code>CefRefPtr<cefpostdata> data = CefPostData::Create();
CefRefPtr<cefpostdataelement> element = CefPostDataElement::Create();
const char szData[] = "Hello World!";
element->SetToBytes(sizeof(szData) - 1, (const void*)szData);
data->AddElement(element);
 
CefRequest::HeaderMap headers;
headers.insert(std::make_pair("Content-Type", "text/plain"));
headers.insert(std::make_pair("Accept", "text/plain"));
 
CefRefPtr<cefrequest> req = CefRequest::Create();
req->SetMethod("POST");
req->SetURL("http://xxx.net");
req->SetHeaderMap(headers);
req->SetPostData(data);
</cefrequest></cefpostdataelement></cefpostdata></code>

与一个请求相关的类和接口,都在cef_request.h中,实现在request_impl.cc中。这些类都有静态的Create方法,可以返回一个代表具体实例的接口,然后就可以接口的方法来定制实例对象,定制后的对象就可以用于URL请求了。

刚才的代码片段演示了如何构造一个CefRequest对象,其中用到了下面的类(接口):

CefRequest,代表了一个URL请求 CefPostData,管理要通过请求发送的数据,它内部维护了多个CefPostDataElement,每个CefPostDataElement代表了一个要发送的数据元素 CefPostDataElement,代表发送的数据,提供了一些接口,可以关联到文件,也可以直接发送字节

想了解至于这些类的接口,打开头文件看看吧。

实现CefURLRequestClient接口

CefURLRequestClient接口的实现可以很简单,我实现了一个简单的UrlRequestClient类。

UrlRequestClient.h如下:

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<code>#ifndef URL_REQUEST_CLIENT_H
#define URL_REQUEST_CLIENT_H
#include <string>
#include "include/cef_urlrequest.h"
#include "include/wrapper/cef_helpers.h"
 
class UrlRequestCompletionCallback
{
public:
    virtual ~UrlRequestCompletionCallback(){}
    virtual void OnCompletion(CefURLRequest::ErrorCode errorCode,
        const std::string& data) = 0;
};
 
class UrlRequestClient : public CefURLRequestClient
{
public:
    UrlRequestClient()
        : m_callback(0)
    {
        CEF_REQUIRE_UI_THREAD();
    }
 
    UrlRequestClient(UrlRequestCompletionCallback *callback)
        : m_callback(callback)
    {
        CEF_REQUIRE_UI_THREAD();
    }
 
    //
    //interfaces of CefURLRequestClient
    //
    void OnRequestComplete(CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> request) OVERRIDE;
 
    void OnUploadProgress(CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> request,
        int64 current,
        int64 total) OVERRIDE;
 
    void OnDownloadProgress(CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> request,
        int64 current,
        int64 total) OVERRIDE;
 
    void OnDownloadData(CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> request,
        const void* data,
        size_t data_length) OVERRIDE;
 
    bool GetAuthCredentials(bool isProxy,
        const CefString& host,
        int port,
        const CefString& realm,
        const CefString& scheme,
        CefRefPtr<cefauthcallback> callback) OVERRIDE{
        return false;
    }
 
    void Request(CefRefPtr<cefrequest> cef_request);
    void Get(const std::string &url, const CefRequest::HeaderMap &headers = CefRequest::HeaderMap());
    void Post(const std::string &url, const CefRefPtr<cefpostdata> data, const CefRequest::HeaderMap &headers = CefRequest::HeaderMap());
 
    void SetCompletionCallback(UrlRequestCompletionCallback *callback)
    {
        m_callback = callback;
    }
 
private:
    UrlRequestCompletionCallback *m_callback;
    CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> m_urlRequest;
    std::string m_data;
 
    IMPLEMENT_REFCOUNTING(UrlRequestClient);
    DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(UrlRequestClient);
};
 
class PrintUrlReqCallback : public UrlRequestCompletionCallback
{
public:
    void OnCompletion(CefURLRequest::ErrorCode errorCode, const std::string& data);
};
 
#endif
</cefurlrequest></cefpostdata></cefrequest></cefauthcallback></cefurlrequest></cefurlrequest></cefurlrequest></cefurlrequest></string></code>

UrlRequestClient.cpp内容如下:

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<code>#include "UrlRequestClient.h"
#include <windows.h>
 
void UrlRequestClient::OnRequestComplete(CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> request)
{
    CEF_REQUIRE_UI_THREAD();
    if (m_callback) {
        m_callback->OnCompletion(request->GetRequestError(), m_data);
    }
}
 
void UrlRequestClient::OnUploadProgress(CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> request, int64 current, int64 total)
{
 
}
 
void UrlRequestClient::OnDownloadProgress(CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> request, int64 current, int64 total)
{
    char szLog[128] = { 0 };
    sprintf_s(szLog, 128, "UrlRequestClient::OnDownloadProgress, current-%lld, total-%lld\r\n",
        current, total);
    OutputDebugStringA(szLog);
}
 
void UrlRequestClient::OnDownloadData(CefRefPtr<cefurlrequest> request, const void* data, size_t data_length)
{
    m_data += std::string(static_cast<const>(data), data_length);
}
 
void UrlRequestClient::Request(CefRefPtr<cefrequest> cef_request)
{
    m_urlRequest = CefURLRequest::Create(cef_request, this, NULL);
}
 
void UrlRequestClient::Get(const std::string &url, const CefRequest::HeaderMap &headers /*= CefRequest::HeaderMap()*/)
{
    CefRefPtr<cefrequest> req = CefRequest::Create();
    req->SetURL(url);
    req->SetMethod("GET");
    req->SetHeaderMap(headers);
 
    Request(req);
}
 
void UrlRequestClient::Post(const std::string &url, const CefRefPtr<cefpostdata> data, const CefRequest::HeaderMap &headers /*= CefRequest::HeaderMap()*/)
{
    CefRefPtr<cefrequest> req = CefRequest::Create();
    req->SetURL(url);
    req->SetMethod("POST");
    req->SetHeaderMap(headers);
    req->SetPostData(data);
 
    Request(req);
}
 
//
// for test
//
void PrintUrlReqCallback::OnCompletion(CefURLRequest::ErrorCode errorCode, const std::string& data)
{
    char szLog[128] = { 0 };
    sprintf_s(szLog, 128, "PrintUrlReqCallback::OnCompletion, errorCode = %d, data.len = %d, data:\r\n",
        errorCode, data.length());
    OutputDebugStringA(szLog);
    delete this;
}
</cefrequest></cefpostdata></cefrequest></cefrequest></const></cefurlrequest></cefurlrequest></cefurlrequest></cefurlrequest></windows.h></code>

UrlRequestClient类可以发起URL请求并处理响应。它的用法类似下面这样(注意要在Browser进程的UI线程使用):

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<code>// Get() test
UrlRequestClient *client = new UrlRequestClient(new PrintUrlReqCallback);
std::string url("http://www.baidu.com");
client->Get(url);
 
// Request() test
CefRefPtr<cefrequest> req = CefRequest::Create();
req->SetMethod("GET");
req->SetURL("http://www.csdn.net");
CefRequest::HeaderMap headers;
headers.insert(std::make_pair("Accept", "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8"));
headers.insert(std::make_pair("Accept-Encoding", "gzip,deflate,sdch"));
headers.insert(std::make_pair("Accept-Language", "en,zh"));
req->SetHeaderMap(headers);
(new UrlRequestClient(new PrintUrlReqCallback))->Request(req);
 
// Post() test
CefRefPtr<cefpostdata> data = CefPostData::Create();
CefRefPtr<cefpostdataelement> element = CefPostDataElement::Create();
const char szData[] = "Hello World!";
element->SetToBytes(sizeof(szData) - 1, (const void*)szData);
data->AddElement(element);
CefRequest::HeaderMap headers;
headers.insert(std::make_pair("Content-Type", "text/plain"));
headers.insert(std::make_pair("Accept", "text/plain"));
(new UrlRequestClient(new PrintUrlReqCallback))->Post("http://xxx.com/hello", data, headers);
</cefpostdataelement></cefpostdata></cefrequest></code>

就这样吧。

posted @ 2017-06-23 09:03  h2z  阅读(3271)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报