111. Minimum Depth of Binary Tree

Given a binary tree, find its minimum depth.

The minimum depth is the number of nodes along the shortest path from the root node down to the nearest leaf node.

Note: A leaf is a node with no children.

Example:

Given binary tree [3,9,20,null,null,15,7],

    3
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

return its minimum depth = 2.

 

Approach #1: C++. [recursive]

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * struct TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode *left;
 *     TreeNode *right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) : val(x), left(NULL), right(NULL) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    int minDepth(TreeNode* root) {
        if (root == NULL) return 0;
        return helper(root, 1);
    }
private:
    int helper(TreeNode* root, int depth) {
        if (root->left != NULL && root->right != NULL)
            return min(helper(root->left, depth+1), helper(root->right, depth+1));
        else if (root->left != NULL) 
            return helper(root->left, depth+1);
        else if (root->right != NULL)
            return helper(root->right, depth+1);
        return depth;
    }
};

　　

Approach #2: Java.

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    public int minDepth(TreeNode root) {
        if (root == null) return 0;
        int left = minDepth(root.left);
        int right = minDepth(root.right);
        return (left == 0 || right == 0) ? left + right + 1 : Math.min(left, right) + 1;
    }
}

　　

Approach #3: Python. [BFS]

# Definition for a binary tree node.
# class TreeNode(object):
#     def __init__(self, x):
#         self.val = x
#         self.left = None
#         self.right = None

from Queue import *
class Solution(object):
    def minDepth(self, root):
        """
        :type root: TreeNode
        :rtype: int
        """
        if root == None:
            return 0
        
        q = Queue()
        q.put(root)
        
        ans = 0
        
        while not q.empty():
            ans += 1
            k = q.qsize()
            
            for i in range(k):
                
                cur = q.get()

                if cur.left:
                    q.put(cur.left)
                if cur.right:
                    q.put(cur.right)
            
                if cur.left == None and cur.right == None:
                    return ans