Android调用WebService

WebService是一种基于SOAP协议的远程调用标准,通过webservice可以将不同操作系统平台、不同语言、不同技术整合到一块。在Android SDK中并没有提供调用WebService的库,因此,需要使用第三方的SDK来调用WebService。PC版本的WEbservice客户端库非常丰富,例如Axis2,CXF等,但这些开发包对于Android系统过于庞大,也未必很容易移植到Android系统中。因此,这些开发包并不是在我们的考虑范围内。适合手机的WebService客户端的SDK有一些,比较常用的有Ksoap2,可以从http://code.google.com/p/ksoap2-android/downloads/list进行下载;将下载的ksoap2-android-assembly-2.4-jar-with-dependencies.jar包复制到Eclipse工程的lib目录中,当然也可以放在其他的目录里。同时在Eclipse工程中引用这个jar包。

具体调用调用webservice的方法为:

(1) 指定webservice的命名空间和调用的方法名,如:

SoapObject request =new SoapObject(http://service,”getName”);

SoapObject类的第一个参数表示WebService的命名空间,可以从WSDL文档中找到WebService的命名空间。第二个参数表示要调用的WebService方法名。

(2) 设置调用方法的参数值,如果没有参数,可以省略,设置方法的参数值的代码如下:

Request.addProperty(“param1”,”value”);
Request.addProperty(“param2”,”value”);

要注意的是,addProperty方法的第1个参数虽然表示调用方法的参数名,但该参数值并不一定与服务端的WebService类中的方法参数名一致,只要设置参数的顺序一致即可。

(3) 生成调用Webservice方法的SOAP请求信息。该信息由SoapSerializationEnvelope对象描述,代码为:

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new
SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
Envelope.bodyOut
= request;

创建SoapSerializationEnvelope对象时需要通过SoapSerializationEnvelope类的构造方法设置SOAP协议的版本号。该版本号需要根据服务端WebService的版本号设置。在创建SoapSerializationEnvelope对象后,不要忘了设置SOAPSoapSerializationEnvelope类的bodyOut属性,该属性的值就是在第一步创建的SoapObject对象。

(4) 创建HttpTransportsSE对象。通过HttpTransportsSE类的构造方法可以指定WebService的WSDL文档的URL:

HttpTransportSE ht=new HttpTransportSE(“http://192.168.18.17:80
/axis2/service/SearchNewsService?wsdl”);

(5)使用call方法调用WebService方法,代码:

ht.call(null,envelope);

Call方法的第一个参数一般为null,第2个参数就是在第3步创建的SoapSerializationEnvelope对象。

(6)使用getResponse方法获得WebService方法的返回结果,代码:

SoapObject soapObject =( SoapObject) envelope.getResponse();

以下为简单的实现一个天气查看功能的例子:

publicclass WebService extends Activity {
privatestaticfinal String NAMESPACE ="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
// WebService地址
privatestatic String URL ="http://www.webxml.com.cn/
webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
privatestaticfinal String METHOD_NAME ="getWeatherbyCityName";
privatestatic String SOAP_ACTION ="http://WebXml.com.cn/
getWeatherbyCityName";

private String weatherToday;

private Button okButton;
private SoapObject detail;

@Override
publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
okButton
= (Button) findViewById(R.id.ok);

okButton.setOnClickListener(
new Button.OnClickListener() {
publicvoid onClick(View v) {
showWeather();
}
});
}

privatevoid showWeather() {
String city
="武汉";
getWeather(city);
}

@SuppressWarnings(
"deprecation")
publicvoid getWeather(String cityName) {
try {
System.out.println(
"rpc------");
SoapObject rpc
=new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME);
System.out.println(
"rpc"+ rpc);
System.out.println(
"cityName is "+ cityName);
rpc.addProperty(
"theCityName", cityName);

AndroidHttpTransport ht
=new AndroidHttpTransport(URL);
ht.debug
=true;

SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope
=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(
SoapEnvelope.VER11);

envelope.bodyOut
= rpc;
envelope.dotNet
=true;
envelope.setOutputSoapObject(rpc);

ht.call(SOAP_ACTION, envelope);

SoapObject result
= (SoapObject) envelope.bodyIn;
detail
= (SoapObject) result
.getProperty(
"getWeatherbyCityNameResult");

System.out.println(
"result"+ result);
System.out.println(
"detail"+ detail);
Toast.makeText(WebService.
this, detail.toString(),
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
parseWeather(detail);

return;
}
catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

privatevoid parseWeather(SoapObject detail)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
String date
= detail.getProperty(6).toString();
weatherToday
="今天:"+ date.split("")[0];
weatherToday
= weatherToday +"\n天气:"+ date.split("")[1];
weatherToday
= weatherToday +"\n气温:"
+ detail.getProperty(5).toString();
weatherToday
= weatherToday +"\n风力:"
+ detail.getProperty(7).toString() +"\n";
System.out.println(
"weatherToday is "+ weatherToday);
Toast.makeText(WebService.
this, weatherToday,
Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();

}
}
posted @ 2011-06-21 16:17  还是你最好  阅读(60812)  评论(6编辑  收藏  举报