SpringBoot笔记:拦截器Interceptor和过滤器Filter

一、拦截器Interceptor

SpringBoot中定义拦截器与MVC中是一样的,区别在于拦截器的配置,MVC是配置在配置文件中的,SpringBoot中则是配置在配置类中的。(SpringBoot中的配置类需要使用注解@Configuration声明)

拦截器定义(与MVC中一致):

package com.yun.demo.interceptor;

import com.yun.demo.model.User;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.util.Objects;

// 拦截器定义,实现HandlerInterceptor接口并重写对应方法即可,与MVC中是一样的
public class UserInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
    // 请求到达controller之前进行拦截并处理
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
        // 拦截请求,如果当前session中没有user属性值,则跳转到/error页面
        User user = (User) request.getSession().getAttribute("user");
        if (Objects.isNull(user)) {
            response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath() + "/error");
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {

    }

    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {

    }
}

在配置类中添加拦截器:

package com.yun.demo.config;

import com.yun.demo.interceptor.UserInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;

// 使用@Configuration表明这是一个Spring配置类
@Configuration
public class InterceptorConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {
    @Override
    public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
        String[] addPathPatterns = {
                "/user/**"
        };
        String[] excludePathPatterns = {
                "/user/list",
                "/user/login",
                "/error"
        };

        // 注册拦截器,可以指定拦截规则,addPathPatterns方法定义要拦截的请求,excludePathPatterns方法定义不需要拦截的请求
        registry.addInterceptor(new UserInterceptor()).addPathPatterns(addPathPatterns)
                .excludePathPatterns(excludePathPatterns);
    }
}

二、过滤器Filter

通过实现Filter接口可以定义一个过滤器,在SpringBoot中注册过滤器有两种方式,一种是通过注解@WebFilter,另一种是通过配置类注册对应的过滤器bean。

方式一:通过注解@WebFilter

定义并注册过滤器,并通过注解@ServletComponentScan指定需要扫描的过滤器包路径。

过滤器:

package com.yun.demo.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import java.io.IOException;

// 定义一个过滤器(实现javax.servlet.Filter接口),
// 然后使用注解@WebFilter进行注册,并指定需要过滤的url
@WebFilter(urlPatterns = "/filter")
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("Hello filter");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
    }
}

在启动类中指定扫描路径:

package com.yun.demo;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletComponentScan;


@SpringBootApplication
// 使用注解@ServletComponentScan指定要扫描的过滤器Filter包
@ServletComponentScan(basePackages = "com.yun.demo.filter")
public class Demo016Servlet001Application {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Demo016Servlet001Application.class, args);
    }

}

方式二:通过配置类注册对应的过滤器bean

这种方式也需要定义一个Filter,只不过不需要使用注解 @WebFilter 了,只需要将定义的Filter在配置类中注册即可。

过滤器:

package com.yun.demo.filter;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import java.io.IOException;

// 定义过滤器
public class MyFilter implements Filter {
    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        System.out.println("Hello filter");
        filterChain.doFilter(servletRequest, servletResponse);
    }
}

配置过滤器:

package com.yun.demo.config;

import com.yun.demo.filter.MyFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

// 使用注解@Configuration定义配置类
@Configuration
public class FilterConfig {
    // 使用注解@Bean定义并注册一个bean
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean myFilterRegistrationBean() {
        // 定义bean并注册一个Filter
        FilterRegistrationBean filterRegistrationBean = new FilterRegistrationBean(new MyFilter());
        // 指定请求路径,注意这里的不能写/**,只能是一个星号
        filterRegistrationBean.addUrlPatterns("/filter/*");
        return filterRegistrationBean;
    }
}
posted @ 2022-11-02 20:32  山上下了雪-bky  阅读(459)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报