CentOS 7上安装NFS服务器

最近学习kubernetes，需要搭建NFS服务器，就查了下如何安装NFS服务器，具体步骤如下。

1. 关闭防火墙

关闭防火墙，并设置开机禁止启动

$ systemctl stop firewalld
$ systemctl disable firewalld

2. 安装NFS

安装NFS服务器，需要安装nfs-utils和rpcbind两个包，安装nfs-utils时会自动安装rpcbind

$ yum install nfs-utils -y

3. 启动NFS

启动NFS服务，并设置开机自启

启动rpcbind

$ systemctl start rpcbind
$ systemctl enable rpcbind
$ systemctl status rpcbind

确认rpcbind状态，running表示启动成功

$ systemctl status rpcbind
● rpcbind.service - RPC bind service
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/rpcbind.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2020-06-01 17:31:08 CST; 2 days ago
 Main PID: 973 (rpcbind)
   CGroup: /system.slice/rpcbind.service
           └─973 /sbin/rpcbind -w

Warning: Journal has been rotated since unit was started. Log output is incomplete or unavailable.

启动nfs

$ systemctl start nfs
$ systemctl enable nfs
$ systemctl status nfs

确认nfs状态，running表示启动成功

$ systemctl enable nfs
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/nfs-server.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service.
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl status nfs
● nfs-server.service - NFS server and services
   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
   Active: active (exited) since Thu 2020-06-04 16:36:25 CST; 6s ago
 Main PID: 9628 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
   CGroup: /system.slice/nfs-server.service

Jun 04 16:36:25 k8s-master systemd[1]: Starting NFS server and services...
Jun 04 16:36:25 k8s-master systemd[1]: Started NFS server and services.

4. 配置NFS共享目录

创建nfs共享目录/nfs/nfsdisk1，修改该目录权限为777,

$ mkdir -p /nfs/nfsdisk
$ chmod 777 /nfs/nfsdisk

修改nfs配置文件/etc/exports

$ vi /etc/exports
/nfs/nfsdisk *(rw,sync,no_root_squash)

配置文件说明

• /nfs/disk1： NFS共享目录
• *：允许任何IP连接
• rw：访问权限为读写权限
• sync：同步写入硬盘和内存
• no_root_squash：当使用者是root用户是，权限变为匿名使用者nobody

5. 重启NFS

重启nfs并确认状态

$ systemctl restart rpcbind
$ systemctl status rpcbind
$ systemctl restart nfs
$ systemctl status nfs

6. 查看NFS可挂载磁盘

$ showmount -e

7. 挂载NFS磁盘

挂载nfs磁盘，可以在该安装NFS服务器的主机上挂载磁盘，也可以另外找一台和该主机通信的主机挂载磁盘

$ mkdir -p /mnt/nfsdisk
$ mount -t nfs 192.168.92.201:/nfs/nfsdisk /mnt/nfsdisk

测试文件写入

在挂载该磁盘的机器上写入hellonfs.txt

$ echo "Hello nfsdisk" > /mnt/nfsdisk/hellonfs.txt
$ ls -l /mnt/nfsdisk
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14 Jun  4 17:08 hellonfs.txt

在安装NFS服务器的主机上，确认hellonfs.txt是否写入到nfs共享目录

$ ll /nfs/nfsdisk/
total 4
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 14 Jun  4 17:08 hellonfs.txt
$ cat /nfs/nfsdisk/hellonfs.txt 
Hello nfsdisk

8. 卸载NFS磁盘

卸载nfs磁盘

$ umount /mnt/nfsdisk