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C#获取MAC地址的几种方法

首先需要用到的一些方法和类：

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public enum NCBCONST
{
    NCBNAMSZ = 16,            
    MAX_LANA = 254,           
    NCBENUM = 0x37,           
    NRC_GOODRET = 0x00,       
    NCBRESET = 0x32,          
    NCBASTAT = 0x33,          
    NUM_NAMEBUF = 30,         
}
 
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct ADAPTER_STATUS
{
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 6)]
    public byte[] adapter_address;
    public byte rev_major;
    public byte reserved0;
    public byte adapter_type;
    public byte rev_minor;
    public ushort duration;
    public ushort frmr_recv;
    public ushort frmr_xmit;
    public ushort iframe_recv_err;
    public ushort xmit_aborts;
    public uint xmit_success;
    public uint recv_success;
    public ushort iframe_xmit_err;
    public ushort recv_buff_unavail;
    public ushort t1_timeouts;
    public ushort ti_timeouts;
    public uint reserved1;
    public ushort free_ncbs;
    public ushort max_cfg_ncbs;
    public ushort max_ncbs;
    public ushort xmit_buf_unavail;
    public ushort max_dgram_size;
    public ushort pending_sess;
    public ushort max_cfg_sess;
    public ushort max_sess;
    public ushort max_sess_pkt_size;
    public ushort name_count;
}
 
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct NAME_BUFFER
{
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = (int)NCBCONST.NCBNAMSZ)]
    public byte[] name;
    public byte name_num;
    public byte name_flags;
}
 
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct NCB
{
    public byte ncb_command;
    public byte ncb_retcode;
    public byte ncb_lsn;
    public byte ncb_num;
    public IntPtr ncb_buffer;
    public ushort ncb_length;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = (int)NCBCONST.NCBNAMSZ)]
    public byte[] ncb_callname;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = (int)NCBCONST.NCBNAMSZ)]
    public byte[] ncb_name;
    public byte ncb_rto;
    public byte ncb_sto;
    public IntPtr ncb_post;
    public byte ncb_lana_num;
    public byte ncb_cmd_cplt;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = 10)]
    public byte[] ncb_reserve;
    public IntPtr ncb_event;
}
 
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct LANA_ENUM
{
    public byte length;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = (int)NCBCONST.MAX_LANA)]
    public byte[] lana;
}
 
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Auto)]
public struct ASTAT
{
    public ADAPTER_STATUS adapt;
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray, SizeConst = (int)NCBCONST.NUM_NAMEBUF)]
    public NAME_BUFFER[] NameBuff;
}
public class Win32API
{
    [DllImport("NETAPI32.DLL")]
    public static extern char Netbios(ref   NCB ncb);
}
 
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public class IP_Adapter_Addresses
{
    public uint Length;
    public uint IfIndex;
    public IntPtr Next;
 
    public IntPtr AdapterName;
    public IntPtr FirstUnicastAddress;
    public IntPtr FirstAnycastAddress;
    public IntPtr FirstMulticastAddress;
    public IntPtr FirstDnsServerAddress;
 
    public IntPtr DnsSuffix;
    public IntPtr Description;
 
    public IntPtr FriendlyName;
 
    [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.ByValArray,
         SizeConst = 8)]
    public Byte[] PhysicalAddress;
 
    public uint PhysicalAddressLength;
    public uint flags;
    public uint Mtu;
    public uint IfType;
 
    public uint OperStatus;
 
    public uint Ipv6IfIndex;
    public uint ZoneIndices;
 
    public IntPtr FirstPrefix;
}

　　

1、  SendArp 获取MAC地址

SendARP函数用来发送ARP数据包并在定义的MAC缓冲区中返回定义的IP对应的MAC地址

SendARP(

    IPAddr DestIP,

    IPAddr SrcIP,

    PULONG pMacAddr,

    PULONG PhyAddrLen

    );

第一个参数是IP地址的网络字节顺序，而不是一个指针，当初我就是赋值成指针而使得获取不了MAC地址。

第二个参数填0就可以

第三个参数是MAC缓冲区指针

第四个参数是一个指向一个DWORD型数值为6的指针

代码如下：

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[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
static extern int SendARP(Int32 DestIP, Int32 SrcIP, ref Int64 MacAddr, ref Int32 PhyAddrLen);
/// <summary>
/// SendArp获取MAC地址
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetMacAddressBySendARP()
{
    StringBuilder strReturn = new StringBuilder();
    try
    {
        System.Net.IPHostEntry Tempaddr = (System.Net.IPHostEntry)Dns.GetHostByName(Dns.GetHostName());
        System.Net.IPAddress[] TempAd = Tempaddr.AddressList;
        Int32 remote = (int)TempAd[0].Address;
        Int64 macinfo = new Int64();
        Int32 length = 6;
        SendARP(remote, 0, ref macinfo, ref length);
 
        string temp = System.Convert.ToString(macinfo, 16).PadLeft(12, '0').ToUpper();
 
        int x = 12;
        for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
        {
            if (i == 5) { strReturn.Append(temp.Substring(x - 2, 2)); }
            else { strReturn.Append(temp.Substring(x - 2, 2) + ":"); }
            x -= 2;
        }
 
        return strReturn.ToString();
    }
    catch
    {
        return "";
    }
}

　　

2、通过适配器信息获取MAC地址

iphlpapi.dll是Windows IP辅助API应用程序接口模块。其中一个函数GetAdaptersAddresses：返回和适配器关联的地址

uint GetAdaptersAddresses(uint Family, uint flags, IntPtr Reserved,

            IntPtr PAdaptersAddresses, ref uint pOutBufLen);

Family：[输入]获得地址族，必须是以下值之一：

AF_INET (仅返回IPv4地址)，

       AF_INET6（仅返回IPv6地址），

       AF_UNSPEC（从所有的地址族返回地址）

Flags：[输入]返回地址类型，这个参数为0或是以下值的联合值：

GAA_FLAG_INCLUDE_PREFIX （返回IPv6地址前缀）

GAA_FLAG_SKIP_UNICAST（不返回unicast地址）

GAA_FLAG_SKIP_ANYCAST（不返回anycast地址）

GAA_FLAG_SKIP_FRIENDLY_NAME（不返回适配器的友好名称）

GAA_FLAG_SKIP_MULTICAST （不返回多点传送（multicast）地址）

GAA_FLAG_SKIP_DNS_SERVER （不返回DNS服务器地址）

Reserved：调用程序必须将此参数置为NULL

pAdapterAddresses：[输入，输出] 指向一段IP_ADAPTER_ADDRESSES缓存，成功的话，该缓存包含地址信息。

pOutBufLen：[输出] 返回pAdapterAddresses所在缓存的大小

返回值：成功，返回0；失败，返回错误代码。

代码如下：

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[DllImport("Iphlpapi.dll")]
public static extern uint GetAdaptersAddresses(uint Family, uint flags, IntPtr Reserved,
    IntPtr PAdaptersAddresses, ref uint pOutBufLen);
 
/// <summary>
/// 通过适配器信息获取MAC地址
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetMacAddressByAdapter()
{
    string macAddress = "";
    try
    {
        IntPtr PAdaptersAddresses = new IntPtr();
 
        uint pOutLen = 100;
        PAdaptersAddresses = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(100);
 
        uint ret =
            GetAdaptersAddresses(0, 0, (IntPtr)0, PAdaptersAddresses, ref pOutLen);
 
        if (ret == 111)
        {
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(PAdaptersAddresses);
            PAdaptersAddresses = Marshal.AllocHGlobal((int)pOutLen);
            ret = GetAdaptersAddresses(0, 0, (IntPtr)0, PAdaptersAddresses, ref pOutLen);
        }
 
        IP_Adapter_Addresses adds = new IP_Adapter_Addresses();
 
        IntPtr pTemp = PAdaptersAddresses;
 
        while (pTemp != (IntPtr)0)
        {
            Marshal.PtrToStructure(pTemp, adds);
            string adapterName = Marshal.PtrToStringAnsi(adds.AdapterName);
            string FriendlyName = Marshal.PtrToStringAuto(adds.FriendlyName);
            string tmpString = string.Empty;
 
            for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++)
            {
                tmpString += string.Format("{0:X2}", adds.PhysicalAddress[i]);
 
                if (i < 5)
                {
                    tmpString += ":";
                }
            }
 
 
            RegistryKey theLocalMachine = Registry.LocalMachine;
 
            RegistryKey theSystem
                = theLocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces");
            RegistryKey theInterfaceKey = theSystem.OpenSubKey(adapterName);
 
            if (theInterfaceKey != null)
            {
                macAddress = tmpString;
                break;
            }
 
            pTemp = adds.Next;
        }
    }
    catch
    { }
    return macAddress;
}

　　

3、 通过NetBios获取MAC地址

NetBIOS（网络基本输入/输出系统）是一套用于网络通讯的调用接口，包含NetBIOS Name和MAC地址等信息。该方法获取MAC地址的效率较高。

代码如下：

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/// <summary>
/// 通过NetBios获取MAC地址
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetMacAddressByNetBios()
{
    string macAddress = "";
    try
    {
        string addr = "";
        int cb;
        ASTAT adapter;
        NCB Ncb = new NCB();
        char uRetCode;
        LANA_ENUM lenum;
 
        Ncb.ncb_command = (byte)NCBCONST.NCBENUM;
        cb = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(LANA_ENUM));
        Ncb.ncb_buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(cb);
        Ncb.ncb_length = (ushort)cb;
        uRetCode = Win32API.Netbios(ref   Ncb);
        lenum = (LANA_ENUM)Marshal.PtrToStructure(Ncb.ncb_buffer, typeof(LANA_ENUM));
        Marshal.FreeHGlobal(Ncb.ncb_buffer);
        if (uRetCode != (short)NCBCONST.NRC_GOODRET)
            return "";
 
        for (int i = 0; i < lenum.length; i++)
        {
            Ncb.ncb_command = (byte)NCBCONST.NCBRESET;
            Ncb.ncb_lana_num = lenum.lana[i];
            uRetCode = Win32API.Netbios(ref   Ncb);
            if (uRetCode != (short)NCBCONST.NRC_GOODRET)
                return "";
 
            Ncb.ncb_command = (byte)NCBCONST.NCBASTAT;
            Ncb.ncb_lana_num = lenum.lana[i];
            Ncb.ncb_callname[0] = (byte)'*';
            cb = Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(ADAPTER_STATUS)) + Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(NAME_BUFFER)) * (int)NCBCONST.NUM_NAMEBUF;
            Ncb.ncb_buffer = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(cb);
            Ncb.ncb_length = (ushort)cb;
            uRetCode = Win32API.Netbios(ref   Ncb);
            adapter.adapt = (ADAPTER_STATUS)Marshal.PtrToStructure(Ncb.ncb_buffer, typeof(ADAPTER_STATUS));
            Marshal.FreeHGlobal(Ncb.ncb_buffer);
 
            if (uRetCode == (short)NCBCONST.NRC_GOODRET)
            {
                if (i > 0)
                    addr += ":";
                addr = string.Format("{0,2:X}:{1,2:X}:{2,2:X}:{3,2:X}:{4,2:X}:{5,2:X}",
                      adapter.adapt.adapter_address[0],
                      adapter.adapt.adapter_address[1],
                      adapter.adapt.adapter_address[2],
                      adapter.adapt.adapter_address[3],
                      adapter.adapt.adapter_address[4],
                      adapter.adapt.adapter_address[5]);
            }
        }
        macAddress = addr.Replace(' ', '0');
 
    }
    catch
    {
    }
    return macAddress;
}

　　

4、 通过DOS命令获得MAC地址

这个就是使用ipconfig命令，并需要在程序中启用cmd，程序中使用cmd如下即可，或参见http://blog.csdn.net/yysyangyangyangshan/article/details/6799489,

代码如下：

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/// <summary>
/// 通过DOS命令获得MAC地址
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetMacAddressByDos()
{
    string macAddress = "";
    Process p = null;
    StreamReader reader = null;
    try
    {
        ProcessStartInfo start = new ProcessStartInfo("cmd.exe");
 
        start.FileName = "ipconfig";
        start.Arguments = "/all";
 
        start.CreateNoWindow = true;
 
        start.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
 
        start.RedirectStandardInput = true;
 
        start.UseShellExecute = false;
 
        p = Process.Start(start);
 
        reader = p.StandardOutput;
 
        string line = reader.ReadLine();
 
        while (!reader.EndOfStream)
        {
            if (line.ToLower().IndexOf("physical address") > 0 || line.ToLower().IndexOf("物理地址") > 0)
            {
                int index = line.IndexOf(":");
                index += 2;
                macAddress = line.Substring(index);
                macAddress = macAddress.Replace('-', ':');
                break;
            }
            line = reader.ReadLine();
        }
    }
    catch
    {
 
    }
    finally
    {
        if (p != null)
        {
            p.WaitForExit();
            p.Close();
        }
        if (reader != null)
        {
            reader.Close();
        }
    }
    return macAddress;
}

　　

5、 NetworkInterface获取MAC地址

NetworkInterface，提供网络接口的配置和统计信息。NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces，返回描述本地计算机上的网络接口的对象。

代码如下：

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/// <summary>
/// 通过网络适配器获取MAC地址
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public string GetMacAddressByNetworkInformation()
{
    string macAddress = "";
    try
    {
        NetworkInterface[] nics = NetworkInterface.GetAllNetworkInterfaces();
        foreach (NetworkInterface adapter in nics)
        {
            if (!adapter.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString().Equals(""))
            {
                macAddress = adapter.GetPhysicalAddress().ToString();
                for (int i = 1; i < 6; i++)
                {
                    macAddress = macAddress.Insert(3 * i - 1, ":");
                }
                break;
            }
        }
 
    }
    catch
    {
    }
    return macAddress;
}

　　

完整代码如下:

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