树莓派4B上安装opencv 4.5

开启树莓派的摄像头
sudo raspi-config
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sudo sed -i 's#://raspbian.raspberrypi.org#s://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/raspbian#g' /etc/apt/sources.list 
sudo sed -i 's#://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian#s://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archive.raspberrypi.org/debian#g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list

更新软件列表
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
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安装opencv工具包
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git pkg-config
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安装opencv图像包
sudo apt-get install libjpeg8-dev
sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev
sudo apt-get install libjasper-dev
sudo apt-get install libpng12-dev
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安装视频I/O包
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev
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安装gtk和优化包
sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran
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下载opencv源码
git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
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使用以上网址下载慢的话，这里提供另一个方法，相对来说可以快一些。
方法就是将GitHub上的opencv同步到码云gitee上，然后通过gitee上下载。
首先注册GitHub和gitee账号，然后上GitHub将opencv项目fork到自己的GitHub中，在进入gitee的账号中，新建项目，选择从GitHub中导入项目，将opencv导入后，使用gitee的地址下载即可。
8. 配置编译opencv

// 进入到opencv的目录
cd opencv
// 创建build文件夹
mkdir build
// 进入build目录下
cd build
// cmake读入所有源文件之后，自动生成makefile，不要忘了最后的两个..
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE \
-D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
// 编译
sudo make
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这里我遇到了个问题，就是按照上面的cmake配置后，make时报错atomic错误，无法进行编译了，在网上找了很多方法，都是Android下的解决方法，最终终于探出方法，将生产makefile的配置步骤改为如下即可成功

LDFLAGS="-latomic" cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -DBUILD_opencv_python3=on -DBUILD_opencv_python2=off -DOPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES=../modules -DPYTHON3_LIBRARIES=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libpython3.7m.so
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安装opencv
sudo make install
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更新动态库
sudo ldconfig
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11.测试代码

# coding: utf-8
import cv2

cap = cv2.VideoCapture(0) # 打开摄像头

while(True):
ret, frame = cap.read() # 读取摄像头图像
cv2.imshow("test", frame ) # 显示图片

if cv2.waitKey(1) & 0xFF == ord('q'):
break

cap.release() # 释放摄像头
cv2.destroyAllWindows() # 关闭所有窗口

sudo apt install fcitx fcitx-pinyin 

 

sudo sed -i 's#://raspbian.raspberrypi.org#s://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/raspbian#g' /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo sed -i 's#://archive.raspberrypi.org/debian#s://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/archive.raspberrypi.org/debian#g' /etc/apt/sources.list.d/raspi.list

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

sudo apt install build-essential cmake git pkg-config

sudo apt install libjpeg8-dev libtiff5-dev

sudo apt install libjasper-dev libpng12-dev

sudo apt install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev

sudo apt install libgtk2.0-dev
sudo apt install libatlas-base-dev gfortran

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git
cd opencv
mkdir build
cd build
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..
sudo make(not recommend make -j4)
err: LDFLAGS="-latomic" cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -DBUILD_opencv_python3=on -DBUILD_opencv_python2=off -DOPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES=../modules -DPYTHON3_LIBRARIES=/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/libpython3.7m.so
sudo make install
sudo ldconfig

https://blog.csdn.net/jayhgq/article/details/99682481

successfully 20211220

sudo raspi-config

{sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake git pkg-config

sudo apt-get install libjpeg8-dev

sudo apt-get install libhdf5-dev libhdf5-serial-dev libhdf5-hl-100

sudo apt-get install libtiff5-dev

sudo apt-get install libjasper-dev

sudo apt-get install libpng12-dev

sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev

sudo apt-get install libgtk2.0-dev

sudo apt install libatlas-base-dev gfortran}   can not install

git clone https://github.com/opencv/opencv.git

cd  opencv

mkdir build

cd build

cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local ..

sudo make 

sudo make install

sudo ldconfig