固定执行计划-SQL PROFILE手工绑定
固定(稳定)执行计划
你的应用的功能时快时慢,变化比较大,功能的性能能够保持一种稳定的状态,ORACLE 固定执行计划,采用以下这几种方式
- oracle 9i使用 Outline
- oracle 10g采用 sql profile
- oracle 11g增加了sql plan manage
oracle 10g采用 sql profile :两种模式
- 从SQL语句历史的执行计划,找到一个合理的,进行绑定
- 还有一种无法从历史的执行计划找到合理的,只能手工构造进行绑定
提供脚本
create_sql_profile
提供绑定shared pool中已有的执行计划中,找一个绑定或自己构造一个绑定
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- File name: create_sql_profile.sql -- -- Purpose: Create SQL Profile based on Outline hints in V$SQL.OTHER_XML. -- -- Author: Kerry Osborne -- -- Usage: This scripts prompts for four values. -- -- sql_id: the sql_id of the statement to attach the profile to (must be in the shared pool),if sql_id is not shared pool,must be bulid sql plan -- -- child_no: the child_no of the statement from v$sql -- -- new_sql_id:需要绑定的SQL语句 -- -- profile_name: the name of the profile to be generated -- -- category: the name of the category for the profile -- -- force_macthing: a toggle to turn on or off the force_matching feature -- -- Description: -- -- Based on a script by Randolf Giest. -- -- Mods: This is the 2nd version of this script which removes dependency on rg_sqlprof1.sql. -- -- See kerryosborne.oracle-guy.com for additional information. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- @rg_sqlprof1 '&&sql_id' &&child_no '&&new_sql_id' '&&category' '&force_matching' set feedback off set sqlblanklines on accept sql_id - prompt 'Enter value for sql_id: ' - default 'X0X0X0X0' accept child_no - prompt 'Enter value for child_no (0): ' - default '0' accept new_sql_id - prompt 'Enter value for new_sql_id: ' - default '0' accept profile_name - prompt 'Enter value for profile_name (PROF_sqlid_planhash): ' - default 'X0X0X0X0' accept category - prompt 'Enter value for category (DEFAULT): ' - default 'DEFAULT' accept force_matching - prompt 'Enter value for force_matching (TRUE): ' - default 'TRUE' declare ar_profile_hints sys.sqlprof_attr; cl_sql_text clob; l_profile_name varchar2(30); begin select extractvalue(value(d), '/hint') as outline_hints bulk collect into ar_profile_hints from xmltable('/*/outline_data/hint' passing ( select xmltype(other_xml) as xmlval from v$sql_plan where sql_id = '&&sql_id' and child_number = &&child_no and other_xml is not null ) ) d; select sql_fulltext, decode('&&profile_name','X0X0X0X0','PROF_&&sql_id'||'_'||plan_hash_value,'&&profile_name') into cl_sql_text, l_profile_name from v$sqlarea where sql_id = '&&new_sql_id'; dbms_sqltune.import_sql_profile( sql_text => cl_sql_text, profile => ar_profile_hints, category => '&&category', name => l_profile_name, force_match => &&force_matching -- replace => true ); dbms_output.put_line(' '); dbms_output.put_line('SQL Profile '||l_profile_name||' created.'); dbms_output.put_line(' '); exception when NO_DATA_FOUND then dbms_output.put_line(' '); dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'&&sql_id'||' Child: '||'&&child_no'||' not found in v$sql.'); dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'&&new_sql_id'||' not found in v$sqlarea.'); dbms_output.put_line(' '); end; / undef sql_id undef new_sql_id undef child_no undef profile_name undef category undef force_matching set sqlblanklines off set feedback on
CREATE_SQL_PROFILE_AWR
绑定AWR中历史的计划中其他一个
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- File name: create_sql_profile_awr.sql -- -- Purpose: Create SQL Profile based on Outline hints in V$SQL.OTHER_XML. -- -- Author: Kerry Osborne -- -- Usage: This scripts prompts for five values. -- -- sql_id: the sql_id of the statement to attach the profile to -- (must be in the shared pool and in AWR history) -- -- plan_hash_value: the plan_hash_value of the statement in AWR history -- -- profile_name: the name of the profile to be generated -- -- category: the name of the category for the profile -- -- force_macthing: a toggle to turn on or off the force_matching feature -- -- Description: -- -- Based on a script by Randolf Giest. -- -- Mods: This is the 2nd version of this script which removes dependency on rg_sqlprof2.sql. -- -- See kerryosborne.oracle-guy.com for additional information. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- @rg_sqlprof1 '&&sql_id' &&child_no '&&category' '&force_matching' set feedback off set sqlblanklines on accept sql_id - prompt 'Enter value for sql_id: ' - default 'X0X0X0X0' accept plan_hash_value - prompt 'Enter value for plan_hash_value: ' accept profile_name - prompt 'Enter value for profile_name (PROF_sqlid_planhash): ' - default 'X0X0X0X0' accept category - prompt 'Enter value for category (DEFAULT): ' - default 'DEFAULT' accept force_matching - prompt 'Enter value for force_matching (FALSE): ' - default 'false' declare ar_profile_hints sys.sqlprof_attr; cl_sql_text clob; l_profile_name varchar2(30); begin select extractvalue(value(d), '/hint') as outline_hints bulk collect into ar_profile_hints from xmltable('/*/outline_data/hint' passing ( select xmltype(other_xml) as xmlval from dba_hist_sql_plan where sql_id = '&&sql_id' and plan_hash_value = &&plan_hash_value and other_xml is not null ) ) d; select sql_text, decode('&&profile_name','X0X0X0X0','PROF_&&sql_id'||'_'||'&&plan_hash_value','&&profile_name') into cl_sql_text, l_profile_name from dba_hist_sqltext where sql_id = '&&sql_id'; dbms_sqltune.import_sql_profile( sql_text => cl_sql_text, profile => ar_profile_hints, category => '&&category', name => l_profile_name, force_match => &&force_matching -- replace => true ); dbms_output.put_line(' '); dbms_output.put_line('SQL Profile '||l_profile_name||' created.'); dbms_output.put_line(' '); exception when NO_DATA_FOUND then dbms_output.put_line(' '); dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'&&sql_id'||' Plan: '||'&&plan_hash_value'||' not found in AWR.'); dbms_output.put_line(' '); end; / undef sql_id undef plan_hash_value undef profile_name undef category undef force_matching set sqlblanklines off set feedback on
sql_profile_hints
显示sql profile中的HINT信息
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- -- File name: profile_hints.sql -- -- Purpose: Show hints associated with a SQL Profile. - -- Author: Kerry Osborne -- -- Usage: This scripts prompts for one value. -- -- profile_name: the name of the profile to be modified -- -- Description: This script pulls the hints associated with a SQL Profile. -- -- Mods: Modified to check for 10g or 11g as the hint structure changed. -- Modified to join on category as well as signature. -- -- See kerryosborne.oracle-guy.com for additional information. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- set sqlblanklines on set feedback off accept profile_name - prompt 'Enter value for profile_name: ' - default 'X0X0X0X0' declare ar_profile_hints sys.sqlprof_attr; cl_sql_text clob; version varchar2(3); l_category varchar2(30); l_force_matching varchar2(3); b_force_matching boolean; begin select regexp_replace(version,'\..*') into version from v$instance; if version = '10' then -- dbms_output.put_line('version: '||version); execute immediate -- to avoid 942 error 'select attr_val as outline_hints '|| 'from dba_sql_profiles p, sqlprof$attr h '|| 'where p.signature = h.signature '|| 'and p.category = h.category '|| 'and name like (''&&profile_name'') '|| 'order by attr#' bulk collect into ar_profile_hints; elsif version = '11' then -- dbms_output.put_line('version: '||version); execute immediate -- to avoid 942 error 'select hint as outline_hints '|| 'from (select p.name, p.signature, p.category, row_number() '|| ' over (partition by sd.signature, sd.category order by sd.signature) row_num, '|| ' extractValue(value(t), ''/hint'') hint '|| 'from sqlobj$data sd, dba_sql_profiles p, '|| ' table(xmlsequence(extract(xmltype(sd.comp_data), '|| ' ''/outline_data/hint''))) t '|| 'where sd.obj_type = 1 '|| 'and p.signature = sd.signature '|| 'and p.category = sd.category '|| 'and p.name like (''&&profile_name'')) '|| 'order by row_num' bulk collect into ar_profile_hints; end if; dbms_output.put_line(' '); dbms_output.put_line('HINT'); dbms_output.put_line('------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------'); for i in 1..ar_profile_hints.count loop dbms_output.put_line(ar_profile_hints(i)); end loop; dbms_output.put_line(' '); dbms_output.put_line(ar_profile_hints.count||' rows selected.'); dbms_output.put_line(' '); end; / undef profile_name set feedback on
一、SQL 绑定现有执行计划
一个SQL存在多个执行计划,选择其中一个固定
select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('4hpk08j31nm7y',null)) SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y, child number 0 ------------------------------------- select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 3956160932 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 3 (100)| | |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 6 | 228 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 1 - filter("DEPTNO"=30) SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y, child number 2 ------------------------------------- select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 1404472509 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 2 (100)| | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| EMP | 6 | 228 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | |* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | INDEX_EMP_DEPTNO | 6 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 2 - access("DEPTNO"=30)
语句绑定第一个子游标为固定的执行计划:全表扫描
sys@GULL> @create_sql_profile Enter value for sql_id: 4hpk08j31nm7y Enter value for child_no (0): 0 Enter value for new_sql_id: 4hpk08j31nm7y Enter value for profile_name (PROF_sqlid_planhash): Enter value for category (DEFAULT): Enter value for force_matching (TRUE): 原值 19: sql_id = '&&sql_id' 新值 19: sql_id = '4hpk08j31nm7y' 原值 20: and child_number = &&child_no 新值 20: and child_number = 0 原值 27: decode('&&profile_name','X0X0X0X0','PROF_&&sql_id'||'_'||plan_hash_value,'&&profile_name') 新值 27: decode('X0X0X0X0','X0X0X0X0','PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y'||'_'||plan_hash_value,'X0X0X0X0') 原值 33: sql_id = '&&new_sql_id'; 新值 33: sql_id = '4hpk08j31nm7y'; 原值 38: category => '&&category', 新值 38: category => 'DEFAULT', 原值 40: force_match => &&force_matching 新值 40: force_match => TRUE 原值 51: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'&&sql_id'||' Child: '||'&&child_no'||' not found in v$sql.'); 新值 51: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'4hpk08j31nm7y'||' Child: '||'0'||' not found in v$sql.'); 原值 52: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'&&new_sql_id'||' not found in v$sqlarea.'); 新值 52: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'4hpk08j31nm7y'||' not found in v$sqlarea.'); SQL Profile PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y_1404472509 created.
执行相同的SQL语句运行
select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('4hpk08j31nm7y',null)) SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y, child number 0 ------------------------------------- select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 3956160932 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 3 (100)| | |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 6 | 228 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 1 - filter("DEPTNO"=30) Note ----- - SQL profile PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y_1404472509 used for this statement
在Note信息中可以看到sql profile的信息, - SQL profile PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y_1404472509 used for this statement,说明已经强制使用了手工绑定的执行计划,之后这个语句就一直采用全表扫描了,不会再走索引的访问方式
FORCE_MATCH=>TRUE :如果sql语句中既有绑定变量和字面值传入还是无法当做同一条语句处理;只能是全部绑定变量或者是全部字面值传入
二、SQL绑定AWR中的执行计划
shared pool中之前没有合适的执行计划,你可以在awr(DBMS_XPLAN.DISPLAY_AWR)中查找历史的执行计划,查询到了,采用create_sql_profile_awr这个过程来绑定
构造一个SQL语句两个执行计划,保存到AWR中
select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('4hpk08j31nm7y',null)) alter session set optimizer_index_cost_adj=500 select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('4hpk08j31nm7y',null)) execute DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.CREATE_SNAPSHOT();
查看AWR中的执行计划
select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('4hpk08j31nm7y',null)) SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y -------------------- select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 1404472509 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 2 (100)| | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| EMP | 6 | 522 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | | 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | INDEX_EMP_DEPTNO | 6 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Note ----- - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2) SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y -------------------- select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 3956160932 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 3 (100)| | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 6 | 522 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Note ----- - dynamic sampling used for this statement (level=2)
使SQL语句固定走索引的处理模式
SQL> set serveroutput on SQL> @create_sql_profile_awr.sql Enter value for sql_id: 4hpk08j31nm7y Enter value for plan_hash_value: 1404472509 Enter value for profile_name (PROF_sqlid_planhash): Enter value for category (DEFAULT): Enter value for force_matching (FALSE): TRUE 原值 19: sql_id = '&&sql_id' 新值 19: sql_id = '4hpk08j31nm7y' 原值 20: and plan_hash_value = &&plan_hash_value 新值 20: and plan_hash_value = 1404472509 原值 27: decode('&&profile_name','X0X0X0X0','PROF_&&sql_id'||'_'||'&&plan_hash_value','&&profile_name') 新值 27: decode('X0X0X0X0','X0X0X0X0','PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y'||'_'||'1404472509','X0X0X0X0') 原值 33: sql_id = '&&sql_id'; 新值 33: sql_id = '4hpk08j31nm7y'; 原值 38: category => '&&category', 新值 38: category => 'DEFAULT', 原值 40: force_match => &&force_matching 新值 40: force_match => TRUE 原值 51: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'&&sql_id'||' Plan: '||'&&plan_hash_value'||' not found in AWR.'); 新值 51: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'4hpk08j31nm7y'||' Plan: '||'1404472509'||' not found in AWR.'); SQL Profile PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y_1404472509 create
重新执行SQL语句并查看执行计划
select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null)) SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y, child number 0 ------------------------------------- select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 1404472509 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 2 (100)| | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| EMP | 4 | 348 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 | |* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | INDEX_EMP_DEPTNO | 2 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 2 - access("DEPTNO"=30) Note ----- - SQL profile PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y_1404472509 used for this statement
note 信息中已经使用了sql profile,而且语句也是走索引
三、SQL绑定构造的执行计划
shared pool和awr中没有一个合适的,需要自己构造这个sql语句的执行计划,进行偷梁换柱
select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('4hpk08j31nm7y',null)) SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y, child number 0 ------------------------------------- select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 3956160932 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 3 (100)| | |* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| EMP | 6 | 228 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 1 - filter("DEPTNO"=30)
可以构造一个走deptno索引的,在走索引的执行计划去替换全表
select /*+index(emp index_emp_deptno)*/ * from scott.emp where deptno=30 select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null)) SQL_ID 2hdyvqk9b09va, child number 0 ------------------------------------- select /*+index(emp index_emp_deptno)*/ * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 1404472509 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 10 (100)| | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| EMP | 6 | 228 | 10 (0)| 00:00:01 | |* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | INDEX_EMP_DEPTNO | 6 | | 5 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 2 - access("DEPTNO"=30)
可以使用SQL_ID 2hdyvqk9b09va, child number 0,来替换之前SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y, child number 0的执行计划
sys@GULL> @create_sql_profile Enter value for sql_id: 2hdyvqk9b09va Enter value for child_no (0): 0 Enter value for new_sql_id: 4hpk08j31nm7y Enter value for profile_name (PROF_sqlid_planhash): Enter value for category (DEFAULT): Enter value for force_matching (TRUE): 原值 19: sql_id = '&&sql_id' 新值 19: sql_id = '2hdyvqk9b09va' 原值 20: and child_number = &&child_no 新值 20: and child_number = 0 原值 27: decode('&&profile_name','X0X0X0X0','PROF_&&sql_id'||'_'||plan_hash_value,'&&profile_name') 新值 27: decode('X0X0X0X0','X0X0X0X0','PROF_2hdyvqk9b09va'||'_'||plan_hash_value,'X0X0X0X0') 原值 33: sql_id = '&&new_sql_id'; 新值 33: sql_id = '4hpk08j31nm7y'; 原值 38: category => '&&category', 新值 38: category => 'DEFAULT', 原值 40: force_match => &&force_matching 新值 40: force_match => TRUE 原值 51: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'&&sql_id'||' Child: '||'&&child_no'||' not found in v$sql.'); 新值 51: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'2hdyvqk9b09va'||' Child: '||'0'||' not found in v$sql.'); 原值 52: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'&&new_sql_id'||' not found in v$sqlarea.'); 新值 52: dbms_output.put_line('ERROR: sql_id: '||'4hpk08j31nm7y'||' not found in v$sqlarea.'); SQL Profile PROF_2hdyvqk9b09va_3956160932 created.
再次查看原始语句的执行计划
select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor('4hpk08j31nm7y',null)) SQL_ID 4hpk08j31nm7y, child number 0 ------------------------------------- select * from scott.emp where deptno=30 Plan hash value: 1404472509 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | | | 10 (100)| | | 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| EMP | 6 | 228 | 10 (0)| 00:00:01 | |* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | INDEX_EMP_DEPTNO | 6 | | 5 (0)| 00:00:01 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Predicate Information (identified by operation id): --------------------------------------------------- 2 - access("DEPTNO"=30) Note ----- - SQL profile PROF_2hdyvqk9b09va_3956160932 used for this statement
偷梁换柱完成,操作起来也是很方便。
四、查看sql profile hint信息
SQL> @sql_profile_hints.sql Enter value for profile_name: PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y_1404472509 原值 19: 'and name like (''&&profile_name'') '|| 新值 19: 'and name like (''PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y_1404472509'') '|| 原值 38: 'and p.name like (''&&profile_name'')) '|| 新值 38: 'and p.name like (''PROF_4hpk08j31nm7y_1404472509'')) '|| HINT -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------- IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.3') DB_VERSION('11.2.0.3') ALL_ROWS OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1") INDEX_RS_ASC(@"SEL$1" "EMP"@"SEL$1" ("EMP"."DEPTNO")) 6 rows selected.
下一篇讲解一些用coe_xfr_sql_profile脚本去绑定执行计划