SpringBoot的认识和基本使用
一、认识
Spring Boot是由Pivotal团队提供的全新框架，其设计目的是用来简化Spring应用的初始搭建以及开发过程。 -使用springboot以后,搭建一个spring应用和开发变得很简单.
Springboot就是一些写好了maven的模块，我们在使用SPring就不需以传统的方式来用，只需要以maven导入对应的springboot模块，就能完成一大堆操作。简单的说，它使用maven的方式对Spring应用开发进行进一步封装和简化。
Spring Boot使编码更简单，使配置更简单，使部署更简单，使监控更简单。Springboot就是为了简化spring应用搭建，开发，部署，监控的开发工具。
二、入门准备
开发环境JDK 1.8
项目管理工具（ Maven ）
开发工具(Eclipse/idea)
1.创建普通 maven项目 springboot_parent
2.配置pom.xml
1 <!-- 2 spring boot 父节点依赖,引入这个之后相关的引入 3 就不需要添加version配置， 4 spring boot会自动选择最合适的版本进行添加。 5 --> 6 <parent> 7 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 8 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> 9 <version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version> 10 </parent> 11 12 <dependencyManagement> 13 <dependencies> 14 <!--springboot版本管理--> 15 <dependency> 16 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 17 <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> 18 <version>2.0.5.RELEASE</version> 19 <type>pom</type> 20 <scope>import</scope> 21 </dependency> 22 </dependencies> 23 </dependencyManagement>
三、springBoot+springMVC
1.通过maven创建一个web模块
2.配置pom.xml
1 <!-- tomcat和springMVC--> 2 <dependencies> 3 <dependency> 4 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 5 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 6 </dependency> 7 <!-- 热部署 ctrl+f9--> 8 <dependency> 9 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 10 <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> 11 <optional>true</optional> 12 <scope>true</scope> 13 </dependency> 14 </dependencies> 15 16 <build> 17 <plugins> 18 <plugin> 19 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 20 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 21 <configuration> 22 <!--fork : 如果没有该项配置，可能devtools不会起作用，即应用不会restart --> 23 <fork>true</fork> 24 </configuration> 25 </plugin> 26 </plugins> 27 </build>
3.准备tomcat启动类
1 @SpringBootApplication 2 public class MVCApp { 3 4 public static void main(String[] args) { 5 SpringApplication.run(MVCApp.class); 6 } 7 }
4.通过controller层进行访问
1 @RestController//包含JSON格式和controller 2 public class MvcController { 3 4 @RequestMapping("/hello") 5 public String index(){ 6 return "suSu"; 7 } 8 }
四、springBoot+jsp跳转
1.通过maven创建一个web模块
2.配置pom.xml
1 <properties> 2 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 3 <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> 4 <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> 5 </properties> 6 7 <dependencies> 8 <dependency> 9 <groupId>junit</groupId> 10 <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 11 <version>4.11</version> 12 <scope>test</scope> 13 </dependency> 14 <!-- web支持: 1、web mvc; 2、restful; 3、jackjson支持; 4、aop ........ --> 15 <dependency> 16 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 17 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 18 </dependency> 19 20 <!-- servlet 依赖. --> 21 <dependency> 22 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 23 <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId> 24 </dependency> 25 26 <dependency> 27 <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 28 <artifactId>jstl</artifactId> 29 </dependency> 30 31 <!-- tomcat 的支持. --> 32 <dependency> 33 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 34 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId> 35 </dependency> 36 <dependency> 37 <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.embed</groupId> 38 <artifactId>tomcat-embed-jasper</artifactId> 39 </dependency> 40 </dependencies> 41 42 <build> 43 <finalName>springboot_jsp</finalName> 44 <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> 45 <plugins> 46 <plugin> 47 <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> 48 <version>3.1.0</version> 49 </plugin> 50 <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> 51 <plugin> 52 <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> 53 <version>3.0.2</version> 54 </plugin> 55 <plugin> 56 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 57 <version>3.8.0</version> 58 </plugin> 59 <plugin> 60 <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> 61 <version>2.22.1</version> 62 </plugin> 63 <plugin> 64 <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> 65 <version>3.2.2</version> 66 </plugin> 67 <plugin> 68 <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> 69 <version>2.5.2</version> 70 </plugin> 71 <plugin> 72 <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> 73 <version>2.8.2</version> 74 </plugin> 75 </plugins> 76 </pluginManagement> 77 </build>
3.在resources中添加文件 application.properties 配置视图解析器
1 # 页面默认前缀目录 2 spring.mvc.view.prefix=/WEB-INF/jsp/ 3 # 响应页面默认后缀 4 spring.mvc.view.suffix=.jsp
4.通过controller层访问
1 @Controller 2 public class JspController { 3 4 @RequestMapping("/index") 5 public String index(){ 6 return "index"; 7 } 8 }
5.webapp
6.修改 working directory配置
五、springBoot+freemarker模板技术
1.利用maven构建webapp模块
2.配置pom.xml 注意修改mainClass路径
1 <properties> 2 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 3 <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> 4 <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> 5 </properties> 6 7 <dependencies> 8 <dependency> 9 <groupId>junit</groupId> 10 <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 11 <version>4.11</version> 12 <scope>test</scope> 13 </dependency> 14 <dependency> 15 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 16 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 17 </dependency> 18 <!-- 对freemark的支持--> 19 <dependency> 20 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 21 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId> 22 </dependency> 23 </dependencies> 24 25 <build> 26 <plugins> 27 <plugin> 28 <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> 29 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 30 <configuration> 31 <source>1.8</source> 32 <target>1.8</target> 33 <encoding>utf-8</encoding> 34 </configuration> 35 </plugin> 36 <plugin> 37 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 38 <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> 39 <configuration> 40 <mainClass>cn.su.FreemarkApp</mainClass> <!--主类 包含main--> 41 <layout>JAR</layout> 42 </configuration> 43 </plugin> 44 </plugins> 45 </build>
3.在 main/resources/templates 中建立 index.ftl模板 注意templates 有 s
1 <!DOCTYPE html> 2 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" 3 xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity3"> 4 <head> 5 <title>Hello World!</title> 6 </head> 7 <body> 8 <h1>Hello , ${msg}</h1> 9 </body> 10 </html>
4.为模板配置属性文件 application.properties
1 # FreeeMarker 模板引擎配置 2 # 设定ftl文件路径 注意templates有 s 3 spring.freemarker.tempalte-loader-path=classpath:/templates 4 # 关闭缓存，及时刷新，上线生产环境需要修改为true 5 spring.freemarker.cache=false 6 spring.freemarker.charset=UTF-8 7 spring.freemarker.check-template-location=true 8 spring.freemarker.content-type=text/html 9 spring.freemarker.expose-request-attributes=true 10 spring.freemarker.expose-session-attributes=true 11 spring.freemarker.request-context-attribute=request 12 spring.freemarker.suffix=.ftl
5.启动类和controller
1 @SpringBootApplication 2 public class FreemarkApp { 3 4 public static void main(String[] args) { 5 SpringApplication.run(FreemarkApp.class); 6 } 7 } 8 9 10 @Controller 11 public class IndexController { 12 13 @RequestMapping("/index") 14 public String index(Model model){ 15 model.addAttribute("msg", "suSu"); 16 return "index"; 17 } 18 }
6.也可以支持返回JSON格式 时间格式在get上配置 @JsonFormat(pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd",timezone = "GTM+8")
1 @Controller 2 public class JsonController { 3 4 @RequestMapping("/user") 5 @ResponseBody 6 public List<User> list(){ 7 List<User> users = Arrays.asList(new User(1L, "s", new Date()), 8 new User(2L, "u", new Date()), 9 new User(3L, "q", new Date())); 10 return users; 11 } 12 }
六、支持yaml
YAML是便于人阅读基于unicode编码的各种语言的序列号标准。它的用途广泛，用于配置文件，日志文件，跨语言数据共享，对象持久化，复杂的数据结构。
原则：
1、大小写敏感
2、使用缩进表示层级关系
4、缩进长度没有限制，只要元素对齐就表示这些元素属于一个层级。
5、使用#表示注释
6、字符串可以不用引号标注
语法：
使用 ：表示键值对 age :18
七、springBoot+springJDBC
1.利用maven构建webapp项目
2.配置pom.xml
1 <properties> 2 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 3 <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> 4 <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> 5 </properties> 6 7 <dependencies> 8 <dependency> 9 <groupId>junit</groupId> 10 <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 11 <version>4.12</version> 12 </dependency> 13 <!-- web test springjdbc mysql--> 14 <dependency> 15 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 16 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 17 </dependency> 18 <dependency> 19 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 20 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 21 </dependency> 22 23 <dependency> 24 <groupId>mysql</groupId> 25 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 26 </dependency> 27 <dependency> 28 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 29 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId> 30 </dependency> 31 </dependencies> 32 33 <build> 34 <finalName>springboot_springjdbc</finalName> 35 <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> 36 <plugins> 37 <plugin> 38 <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> 39 <version>3.1.0</version> 40 </plugin> 41 <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> 42 <plugin> 43 <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> 44 <version>3.0.2</version> 45 </plugin> 46 <plugin> 47 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 48 <version>3.8.0</version> 49 </plugin> 50 <plugin> 51 <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> 52 <version>2.22.1</version> 53 </plugin> 54 <plugin> 55 <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> 56 <version>3.2.2</version> 57 </plugin> 58 <plugin> 59 <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> 60 <version>2.5.2</version> 61 </plugin> 62 <plugin> 63 <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> 64 <version>2.8.2</version> 65 </plugin> 66 </plugins> 67 </pluginManagement> 68 </build>
3.利用application.properties连接数据库
1 spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop 2 spring.datasource.username = root 3 spring.datasource.password = 000000 4 spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver 5 spring.datasource.max-active=20 6 spring.datasource.max-idle=8 7 spring.datasource.min-idle=8 8 spring.datasource.initial-size=10
4.接着就是我们熟悉的domain、dao、service（事物只用配置注解 @Transactional）、controller层
5.启动项和SpringBoot测试类,注意需要与domain写在同一层 ，否则需要做些其他配置
1 //启动 2 @SpringBootApplication 3 public class JDBCApp { 4 public static void main(String[] args) { 5 SpringApplication.run(JDBCApp.class); 6 } 7 } 8 9 //测试 10 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 11 @SpringBootTest(classes = JDBCApp.class) 12 public class JDBCTest { 13 14 @Autowired 15 private IUserService userService; 16 17 @Test 18 public void test() throws Exception{ 19 userService.save(new User(1L,"su")); 20 } 21 }
八、springBoot+mybatis及pageHelper分页
1.利用maven构建webapp模块
2.配置pom.xml
1 <properties> 2 <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> 3 <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source> 4 <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target> 5 </properties> 6 7 <dependencies> 8 <dependency> 9 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 10 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> 11 </dependency> 12 <dependency> 13 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> 14 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> 15 </dependency> 16 <dependency> 17 <groupId>junit</groupId> 18 <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 19 <version>4.12</version> 20 </dependency> 21 <!-- mysql 数据库驱动. --> 22 <dependency> 23 <groupId>mysql</groupId> 24 <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 25 </dependency> 26 <!-- 27 spring-boot mybatis依赖： 28 29 请不要使用1.0.0版本，因为还不支持拦截器插件， 30 1.1.1 是博主写帖子时候的版本，大家使用最新版本即可 31 --> 32 <dependency> 33 <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> 34 <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> 35 <version>1.1.1</version> 36 </dependency> 37 <!-- 38 MyBatis提供了拦截器接口，我们可以实现自己的拦截器， 39 将其作为一个plugin装入到SqlSessionFactory中。 40 Github上有位开发者写了一个分页插件，我觉得使用起来还可以，挺方便的。 41 Github项目地址： https://github.com/pagehelper/Mybatis-PageHelper 42 --> 43 <dependency> 44 <groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId> 45 <artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId> 46 <version>4.1.0</version> 47 </dependency> 48 </dependencies> 49 50 <build> 51 <finalName>springboot_mybatis</finalName> 52 <pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) --> 53 <plugins> 54 <plugin> 55 <artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId> 56 <version>3.1.0</version> 57 </plugin> 58 <!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging --> 59 <plugin> 60 <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId> 61 <version>3.0.2</version> 62 </plugin> 63 <plugin> 64 <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> 65 <version>3.8.0</version> 66 </plugin> 67 <plugin> 68 <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId> 69 <version>2.22.1</version> 70 </plugin> 71 <plugin> 72 <artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId> 73 <version>3.2.2</version> 74 </plugin> 75 <plugin> 76 <artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId> 77 <version>2.5.2</version> 78 </plugin> 79 <plugin> 80 <artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId> 81 <version>2.8.2</version> 82 </plugin> 83 </plugins> 84 </pluginManagement> 85 </build>
3.连接数据库配置 application.properties
1 spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/shop 2 spring.datasource.username = root 3 spring.datasource.password = 000000 4 spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver 5 spring.datasource.max-active=20 6 spring.datasource.max-idle=8 7 spring.datasource.min-idle=8 8 spring.datasource.initial-size=10 9 #为mapper使用domain配置别名 10 mybatis.type-aliases-package=cn.su.domain
4.省略domain、mapper、service、controller层
注意mapper的java文件与resources下的mapper的配置文件需要完全对应
5.配置分页插件和使用
1 @Configuration //相当于application-Xxx.xml 2 public class MyBatisConfiguration { 3 //相当于配置文件里面配置<bean> 4 @Bean 5 public PageHelper pageHelper(){ 6 PageHelper pageHelper = new PageHelper(); 7 Properties p = new Properties(); 8 //配置分页的参数设置 9 //和startPage中的pageNum效果一样 10 p.setProperty("offsetAsPageNum", "true"); 11 //设置为true时，使用RowBounds分页会进行count查询 12 p.setProperty("rowBoundsWithCount", "true"); 13 // 启用合理化时，如果pageNum<1会查询第一页，如果pageNum>pages会查询最后一页 14 p.setProperty("reasonable", "true"); 15 pageHelper.setProperties(p); 16 return pageHelper; 17 } 18 } 19 20 21 //使用 22 //1表示当前页 2表示条数 23 PageHelper.startPage(1, 2);
6.启动类和测试
1 //启动 需要扫描mapper 2 @SpringBootApplication 3 @MapperScan(value = "cn.su.mapper") 4 public class MyBatisApp { 5 6 public static void main(String[] args) { 7 SpringApplication.run(MyBatisApp.class); 8 } 9 } 10 11 12 //测试 13 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 14 @SpringBootTest(classes = MyBatisApp.class) 15 public class MybatisTest { 16 17 @Autowired 18 private IUserService userService; 19 20 @Test 21 public void test1() throws Exception{ 22 userService.saveByInsert(new User(2L,"W")); 23 } 24 @Test 25 public void test2() throws Exception{ 26 userService.saveByXml(new User(3L,"Q")); 27 } 28 @Test 29 public void test3() throws Exception{ 30 List<User> users = userService.findByQuery(); 31 users.forEach(e->{ 32 System.out.println(e); 33 }); 34 } 35 }
