[LeetCode] 917. Reverse Only Letters 只翻转字母


Given a string `S`, return the "reversed" string where all characters that are not a letter stay in the same place, and all letters reverse their positions.

Example 1:

Input: "ab-cd"
Output: "dc-ba"

Example 2:

Input: "a-bC-dEf-ghIj"
Output: "j-Ih-gfE-dCba"

Example 3:

Input: "Test1ng-Leet=code-Q!"
Output: "Qedo1ct-eeLg=ntse-T!"

Note:

  1. S.length <= 100
  2. 33 <= S[i].ASCIIcode <= 122
  3. S doesn't contain \ or "

这道题给了一个由字母和其他字符组成的字符串,让我们只翻转其中的字母,并不是一道难题,解题思路也比较直接。可以先反向遍历一遍字符串,只要遇到字母就直接存入到一个新的字符串 res,这样就实现了对所有字母的翻转。但目前的 res 中就只有字母,还需要将原字符串S中的所有的非字母字符加入到正确的位置,可以再正向遍历一遍原字符串S,遇到字母就跳过,否则就把非字母字符加入到 res 中对应的位置,参见代码如下:
解法一:
class Solution {
public:
    string reverseOnlyLetters(string S) {
		string res = "";
		for (int i = (int)S.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
			if (isalpha(S[i])) res.push_back(S[i]);
		}
		for (int i = 0; i < S.size(); ++i) {
			if (isalpha(S[i])) continue;
			res.insert(res.begin() + i, S[i]);
		}
		return res;
    }
};

再来看一种更加简洁的解法,使用两个指针i和j,分别指向S串的开头和结尾。当i指向非字母字符时,指针i自增1,否则若j指向非字母字符时,指针j自减1,若i和j都指向字母时,则交换 S[i] 和 S[j] 的位置,同时i自增1,j自减1,这样也可以实现只翻转字母的目的,参见代码如下:
解法二:
class Solution {
public:
    string reverseOnlyLetters(string S) {
		int n = S.size(), i = 0, j = n - 1;
        while (i < j) {
            if (!isalpha(S[i])) ++i;
            else if (!isalpha(S[j])) --j;
            else {
                swap(S[i], S[j]);
                ++i; --j;
            }
        }
        return S;
    }
};

Github 同步地址:

https://github.com/grandyang/leetcode/issues/917


参考资料:

https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-only-letters/

https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-only-letters/discuss/178419/JavaC%2B%2BPython-Two-Pointers

https://leetcode.com/problems/reverse-only-letters/discuss/200878/easy-C%2B%2B-with-comments-two-pointer-based-approach


[LeetCode All in One 题目讲解汇总(持续更新中...)](https://www.cnblogs.com/grandyang/p/4606334.html)
posted @ 2019-10-18 23:43  Grandyang  阅读(2290)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报
Fork me on GitHub