springboot拦截器总结
Springboot 拦截器总结
拦截器大体分为两类 : handlerInterceptor 和 methodInterceptor
而methodInterceptor 又有XML 配置方法 和AspectJ配置方法
1. handlerInterceptor用法
handlerInterceptor 主要用于拦截有url映射的方法(即controller中与url有关联的方法)
[1] 先创建一个拦截器
package com.grady.interceptordemo.interceptor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
/**
* 自定义拦截器 - 给予 springmvc
* @ClassName: CustomInterceptor
* @Description: springMVC项目中的拦截器,它拦截的目标是请求的地址,比MethodInterceptor先执行。
* 该拦截器只能过滤action请求(即有url映射的函数,其他的不行),
* spring允许有多个拦截器存在,由拦截器链管理
* 当preHandle return true时,执行下一个拦截器,直到所有拦截器执行完,再运行 被拦截的请求
* 当preHandle return false时, 不再执行 后续的拦截器链 及 被拦截的请求。
*/
@Slf4j
public class CustomInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
/**
* 我未实现一个方法却没有报错,因为使用了Java8的语法,默认函数
*/
/**
* 进入对应的controller前
* @param request
* @param response
* @param handler
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {
log.info("CustomInterceptor : preHandle");
// 这里如果return false,不会执行后面的拦截器,也不会执行请求的方法了
//return false;
return true;
}
/**
* 执行完controller方法后,但在返回对应视图前(返回json就没有返回视图的过程了)
* @param request
* @param response
* @param handler
* @param modelAndView
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {
log.info("CustomInterceptor : postHandle");
}
/**
* 整个请求调用结束后,视图返回后,做资源清理工作
* @param request
* @param response
* @param handler
* @param ex
* @throws Exception
*/
@Override
public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {
log.info("CustomInterceptor : afterCompletion");
}
}
[2] 将拦截器添加到InterceptorRegistry配置中
package com.grady.interceptordemo.config;
import com.grady.interceptordemo.interceptor.CustomInterceptor;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;
/**
* WebMvcConfigurerAdapter 实际被 Deprecated 所以就不用纠结去不去继承他了,直接实现WebMvcConfigurer
*/
@Configuration
public class WebAppConfigurer implements WebMvcConfigurer {
@Override
public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {
//这里配置了customInterceptor这个拦截器拦截所有url
registry.addInterceptor(customInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**");
}
@Bean
public CustomInterceptor customInterceptor() {
CustomInterceptor customInterceptor = new CustomInterceptor();
return customInterceptor;
}
}
之后访问url接口,可以看到以下日志
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : preHandle
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : postHandle
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : afterCompletion
2. 使用 methodInterceptor
[1] 使用XML配置方法
XML 配置 先要创建自己的xxMethodInterceptor (实现MethodInterceptor)
@Slf4j
public class CustomMethodInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor {
@Override
public Object invoke(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable {
log.info("CustomMethodInterceptor ==> invoke method: process method name is {}", methodInvocation.getMethod().getName());
log.info("CustomMethodInterceptor ==> invoke method: process class name is {}", methodInvocation.getMethod().getDeclaringClass());
// 这里做自定义操作
return methodInvocation.proceed();
}
}
然后再xml中进行配置
spring-aop.xml (注释部分是打开对注解的支持,暂时未开)
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">
<bean id="customMethodInterceptor" class="com.grady.interceptordemo.interceptor.CustomMethodInterceptor"/>
<aop:config proxy-target-class="false">
<!-- 方法拦截器,基于spring aop 实现配置 -->
<!-- 扫描使用了注解的方法进行拦截 -->
<!-- <aop:advisor pointcut="@annotation(com.grady.interceptordemo.annotation.CustomAnnotation)" advice-ref="customMethodInterceptor" />-->
<!-- 指定包路径下的方法 -->
<aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* com.grady.interceptordemo.controller.*.*(..))" advice-ref="customMethodInterceptor" />
</aop:config>
</beans>
在xxxApplication.java导入XML @ImportResource("classpath:spring-aop.xml")
日志
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : preHandle
c.g.i.i.CustomMethodInterceptor : CustomMethodInterceptor ==> invoke method: process method name is hello
c.g.i.i.CustomMethodInterceptor : CustomMethodInterceptor ==> invoke method: process class name is class com.grady.interceptordemo.controller.HelloController
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : postHandle
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : afterCompletion
从这里也可以看出,handlerInterceptor 的prehandle方法先于methodInterceptor 的invoke方法执行,其他的方法再invoke 方法之后执行
再在spring-aop.xml中打开注解,看是否支持注解版本(这里注释掉了包扫描的拦截方式)
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">
<bean id="customMethodInterceptor" class="com.grady.interceptordemo.interceptor.CustomMethodInterceptor"/>
<aop:config proxy-target-class="false">
<!-- 方法拦截器,基于spring aop 实现配置 -->
<!-- 扫描使用了注解的方法进行拦截 -->
<aop:advisor pointcut="@annotation(com.grady.interceptordemo.annotation.CustomAnnotation)" advice-ref="customMethodInterceptor" />
<!-- 指定包路径下的方法 -->
<!-- <aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* com.grady.interceptordemo.controller.*.*(..))" advice-ref="customMethodInterceptor" />-->
</aop:config>
</beans>
日志一致,说明是生效的
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : preHandle
c.g.i.i.CustomMethodInterceptor : CustomMethodInterceptor ==> invoke method: process method name is hello
c.g.i.i.CustomMethodInterceptor : CustomMethodInterceptor ==> invoke method: process class name is class com.grady.interceptordemo.manager.impl.HelloManagerImpl
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : postHandle
c.g.i.interceptor.CustomInterceptor : CustomInterceptor : afterCompletion
[2] 再看AspectJ版本(推荐方式)
SpectJ 不需要XML 配置,比较方便
直接声明切面切点就搞定问题了
@Component
@Slf4j
public class AspectJInterceptor {
// 声明一个切点,表示从哪里切入增强,这里是切controller目录下的所有public 方法
@Pointcut("execution (* com.grady.interceptordemo.controller.*.*(..))")
public void logPoint() {
}
//声明切面的执行方式,这里是环绕切面,环绕切是有返回值的Object
@Around("logPoint()")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Throwable {
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.info("AspectJInterceptor around的函数为:" + point.getSignature());
log.info("AspectJInterceptor around 方法开始时间 : " + startTime);
Object obj = point.proceed();// ob 为方法的返回值
log.info("AspectJInterceptor around 耗时 : " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime));
return obj;
}
}
这样就可以了
查看日志
AspectJInterceptor around的函数为:String com.grady.interceptordemo.controller.HelloController.hello()
c.g.i.interceptor.AspectJInterceptor : AspectJInterceptor around 方法开始时间 : 1567261903109
c.g.i.interceptor.AspectJInterceptor : AspectJInterceptor around 耗时 : 9
说明生效了
上面是根据表达式寻找函数切的;现在换基于注解切
修改代码
@Aspect
@Component
@Slf4j
public class AspectJInterceptor {
// 声明一个切点 基于注解
@Pointcut("@annotation(com.grady.interceptordemo.annotation.CustomAnnotation)")
public void logPoint2() {
}
@Around("logPoint2()")
public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint point) throws Throwable {
long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
log.info("AspectJInterceptor around的函数为:" + point.getSignature());
log.info("AspectJInterceptor around 方法开始时间 : " + startTime);
Object obj = point.proceed();// ob 为方法的返回值
log.info("AspectJInterceptor around 耗时 : " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime));
return obj;
}
}
日志:
2019-08-31 22:45:52.275 INFO 4516 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.g.i.interceptor.AspectJInterceptor : AspectJInterceptor around的函数为:String com.grady.interceptordemo.manager.impl.HelloManagerImpl.hello()
2019-08-31 22:45:52.276 INFO 4516 --- [nio-8080-exec-1] c.g.i.interceptor.AspectJInterceptor : AspectJInterceptor around 方法开始时间 : 1567262752274
可以看的是HelloManagerImpl.hello 方法上有注解,所以切面方法中打印的是这个方法;而之前的版本切的位置是controller包中的方法,所以打印的是HelloController.hello
PS:
可以在application.properties 中打开这个开关,开启CGlib ,(这个实验中不开是可以的,原因是当spring aop 无效时(比如没有实现接口的类controller),会自动使用CGLib尝试)
# 启用CGLib 来实现aop
# spring.aop.proxy-target-class=true