EDI_了解

读通EDI

  EDI:Electronic Data Interchange,即电子数据交换。

 

  支撑EDI数据交换的是一套技术标准和国际上约定俗成的商务习俗,你会用其中的几种?

  EDI(Electronic Data Interchange)是供应链管理的主要信息手段之一。国际标准化组织将EDI定义为“将商业或行政事务处理,按一个公认的标准,形成结构化的事务处理或信息数据格式,从计算机到计算机的数据传输”。在全球贸易中有大量文档传输的条件下,EDI作为计算机与计算机之间的业务数据交换工具,是全球合作伙伴企业之间交换信息的有效技术手段。

  EDI的应用较为复杂,费用也不便宜,投资大,缺乏开放性,所以它的发展较慢。在美国,跨国公司大多用EDI进行商务数据业务来往。在我国EDI的应用则相对迟缓,只是在北京、上海、广东、台湾、香港等中大型城市的大型企业得到应用。

  图—是基于EDI的供应链信息组织与集成模式框架图。

  在整个EDI框架里,结算中心是一个连接所有节点的增值网络。包含所有商务信息的EDI数据信息发送到结算中心后,结算中心根据不同节点的要求做出处理,处理完毕后,将有关的文档输送相关环节。

基于EDI的资讯集成后,企业接点之间与有关商务部门之间也实现了一个集成,成为一个集成化的供应链。如图一所示,其基本过程是先将企业各子公司和部门的信息系统组成局域网络 (LAN-Local Area Network),在局域网的基础上组建企业广域网络 (WAN-Wide Area Network) ——相当于Intranet(企业内部互联网),再和其它相关的企业和单位连接。和其它企业的通信连接方式通过增值网络 (EDI中心) 或 Internet 网络。

  支撑EDI数据交换的是一套技术标准和国际上约定俗成的商务习俗。你会用了几种 EDI?每种EDI的格式字段所代表的意义都懂吗?目前企业所通用的大概只有上述的10种EDI,其不同的格式字段都代表着不同的含义。下面我们对这10种EDI代表的意义和关键结构逐一进行介绍。

 

常用的EDI的种类及其代表的意义:

EDI 832:客户的工程数据如BOM, ECN(Engineering Change Notice), EM(Engineering Memo)等

EDI 830:客户预测需求

EDI 870:回复客户需求 

EDI 850:客户订单

EDI 855:回复客户订单 

EDI 846:库存查询与建议 

EDI 862:提货确认

EDI 856:出货通知

EDI 861:收货确认 

EDI 810:收款发票

EDI 824:发票收到确认

 

  阅读每种EDI 8 XX的关键是:

供应商代号,接收需求主体的代号 (如Site Code);

客户订单号码 (CPO # )

料号 (P / N)

数量 (Q’ty)

时间 (Schedule)

地点 (Location)

价格 (Price)

出货目的地 (Ship to)

托运人 (Shipper)

全部或部分出货 (Full / Partial)

 

  常用EDI的结构和关键点:

  EDI 830,即客户的需求预测 (Forecast),一般来讲它根据不同产业及业务模式的不同,而决定其结构,就PC产业为例:所进行的生意模式如果是BTF(Build To Forecast) / BTS(Build To Stock),甚至于BTO(Build To Order)的话,那EDI的结构自然就应该大致为:含盖 7天 + 16周 + 14个月的需求,那么关键就是在维持库存基线的同时,进行最大和最小量之间进行交补货管制。

 

  EDI 850,即客户采购订单 (CPO),当您接到一张订单的时候,首先要审核的是什么?当然是厂商代号接收需求主体的代号,然后再审:订单号码、订单形态、订单日期、出货方式、Invoice or 2nd Invoice,出货人或主体 / 出货路线 / 特别要求。

 

  EDI 856,即出货通知,回复EDI 862—提货确认,掌握和控制的关键:

Ship ID(出货识别号)/日期 / 具体时间;

货物总重、毛重 / 总体积 / 计量单位;

货物的装载方式 (纸箱 / 栈板);

全部出货或部分出货;货物运送方式 / 服务等级;托运方式 / 提单 / 发票;车牌号 / 货柜封条号;

运费支付方式 (到付 / 预付);出货地 / 出往地 / 收款的地址。

 

  EDI 861接收通知 / 接受确认,掌握和控制的关键:

日期 / 具体时间;订单号码 / 数量 / 单位;接收条件;供应商的料号。

 

  尽管不同的EDI有不同的格式和结构,但他们的关键部分大体上是一致的。当你接到EDI时,一定要重点审核其关键部分:

供应商代号,接收需求主体的代号 ( 如Site Code );

客户订单号码 (CPO # );料号 (P / N);数量 (Q’ty);

时间(Schedule);地点 (Location);

价格 (Price);

出货目的地 (Ship to);

托运人 (Shipper);

全部或部分出货 (Full / Partial)。

  此外,在当今繁忙的商务的交易中,EDI的设计一定要有纠错能力。否则,无纸化作业岂不是空谈?多一点人工核对,就增加了人为错误的机会。 

  这些是固定的EDI信号事务代码事务集。格式是固定的。你会得到不同版本的信号。例如:4010、4030、5010、5030,每一个都是另一个的增强版本,并将包含额外的字段。这些信号必须映射到R/3侧相应的idocs。

  These are fixed EDI signals or transaction codes or transaction sets. The format is fixed.You will get these signals of different versions. For eg :4010,4030,5010,5030, each one being enhanced version of the other and will contain additional fields. These signal have to be mapped to the corresponding idocs in the R/3 side.

Below is the list of all the signals

EDI 830 - Planning Schedule with Release Capability

EDI 831 - Application Control Totals

EDI 832 - Price/Sales Catalog

EDI 836 - Procurement Notices

EDI 838 - Trading Partner Profile

EDI 839 - Project Cost Reporting

EDI 840 - Request for Quotation

EDI 841 - Specifications/Technical Information

EDI 842 - Nonconformance Report

EDI 843 - Response to Request for Quotation

EDI 844 - Product Transfer Account Adjustment

EDI 845 - Price Authorization Acknowledgment/Status

EDI 846 - Inventory Inquiry/Advice

EDI 847 - Material Claim

EDI 848 - Material Safety Data Sheet

EDI 849 - Response to Product Transfer Account Adjustment

EDI 850 - Purchase Order

EDI 851 - Asset Schedule

EDI 852 - Product Activity Data

EDI 852 - Product Activity Data Plus Module

EDI 853 - Routing and Carrier Instruction

EDI 854 - Shipment Delivery Discrepancy Information

EDI 855 - Purchase Order Acknowledgment

EDI 856 - Ship Notice/Manifest

EDI 857 - Shipment and Billing Notice

EDI 858 - Shipment Information

EDI 859 - Freight Invoice

EDI 860 - Purchase Order Change Request - Buyer Initiated

EDI 861 - Receiving Advice/Acceptance Certificate

EDI 862 - Shipping Schedule

EDI 863 - Report of Test Results

EDI 864 - Text Message

EDI 865 - Purchase Order Change Acknowledgment/Request - Seller Initiated

EDI 866 - Production Sequence

EDI 867 - Product Transfer and Resale Report

EDI 868 - Electronic Form Structure

EDI 869 - Order Status Inquiry

EDI 870 - Order Status Report

EDI 871 - Component Parts Content

EDI 888 - Item Maintenance

EDI 893 - Item Information Request

EDI 894 - Delivery/Return Base Record

EDI 895 - Delivery/Return Acknowledgment or Adjustment

EDI 896 - Product Dimension Maintenance

EDI 928 - Automotive Inspection Detail

EDI 940 - Warehouse Shipping Order

EDI 943 - Warehouse Stock Transfer Shipment Advice

EDI 944 - Warehouse Stock Transfer Receipt Advice

EDI 945 - Warehouse Shipping Advice

EDI 946 - Delivery Information Message

EDI 947 - Warehouse Inventory Adjustment Advice

EDI 980 - Functional Group Totals

EDI 997 - Functional Acknowledgment

EDI 998 - Set Cancellation

EDI 999 - Acceptance/Rejection Advice

EDI 820-A1 - Payment Order/Remittance Advice

 

  •    下面你会发现一个EDI交易列表(有时被称为EDI交易代码或交易集),它是ANSI ASC X12 EDI标准的一部分。            

  Below you will find a list of EDI transactions (sometimes referred to as EDI transaction codes or transaction sets) that are used as part of the ANSI ASC X12 EDI standards.

     104 Air Shipment Information

     110 Air Freight Details and Invoice

     120 Vehicle Shipping Order

     121 Vehicle Service

     124 Property and Casualty Vehicle Damage

     125 Multilevel Railcar Load Details

     126 Vehicle Application Advice

     127 Vehicle Buying Order

     128 Dealer Information

     129 Vehicle Carrier Rate Update

     130 Student Educational Record (Transcript)

     131 Student Educational Record (Transcript) Acknowledgment

     135 Student Application

     139 Student Loan Guarantee Result

     140 Product Registration

     141 Product Service Claim Response

     142 Product Service Claim

     143 Product Service Notification

     144 Student Loan Transfer and Status Verification

     146 Request for Student Educational Record Transcript)

     147 Response to Request for Student Educational Record (Transcript)

     148 Report of Injury, Illness or Incident

     149 Notice of Tax Adjustment or Assessment

     150 Tax Rate Notification

     151 Electronic Filing of Tax Return Data Acknowledgment

     152 Statistical Government Information

     154 Uniform Commercial Code Filing

     159 Motion Picture Booking Confirmation

     161 Train Sheet

     163 Appointment Schedule Information

     170 Revenue Receipts Statement

     175 Court Notice

     176 Court Submission

     180 Return Merchandise Authorization and Notification

     185 Royalty Regulatory Report

     186 Laboratory Reporting

     188 Educational Course Inventory

     189 Application for Admission to Educational Institutions

     190 Student Enrollment Verification

     191 Student Loan Preclaims

     194 Grant or Assistance Application

     195 Federal Communication Commission (FCC) License Application

     196 Contractor Cost Data Reporting

     197 Real Estate Title Evidence

     199 Mortgage Settlement Information

     200 Mortgage Credit Report

     201 Residential Loan Application

     203 Secondary Mortgage Market Investor Report

     204 Motor Carrier Shipment Information

     206 Real Estate Mortgage Inspection Request

     210 Motor Carrier Freight Details and Invoice

     213 Motor Carrier Shipment Status Inquiry

     214 Transportation Carrier Shipment Stats Message

     217 Motor Carrier Loading and Route Guide

     218 Motor Carrier Tariff Information

     242 Data Status Tracking

     250 Loan Purchase Order Shipment Management Document

     251 Pricing Support

     255 InsuranceUnderwriting Information Services

     256 Periodic Annuity Compensation

     260 Application for Mortgage Insurance Benefits

     261 Residential Appraisal Request

     262 Residential Appraisal Report

     263 Residential Mortgage Insurance Application Response

     264 Mortgage Loan Default Status

     265 Real Estate Title Insurance Services Order

     266 Mortgage Record Change

     270 Health Care Eligibility/Benefit Inquiry

     271 Health Care Eligibility/Benefit Information

     272 Property and Casualty Loss Notification

     273 Insurance/Annuity Application Status

     275 Patient Information

     276 Health Care Claim Status Request

     277 Health Care Claim Status Notification

     278 Health Care Service Review Information

     288 Wage Determination

     290 Cooperative Advertising Agreements

     300 Reservation (Booking Request) (Ocean)

     301 Freight Receipt and Invoice (Ocean)

     303 Booking Cancellation (Ocean)

     304 Shipping Instructions

     309 wazzu U.S. Customs Manifest

     310 Freight Receipt and Invoice (Ocean)

     311 Canadian Customs Information

     312 Arrival Notice (Ocean)

     313 Shipment Status Inquiry (Ocean)

     315 Status Details (Ocean)

     317 Delivery/Pick-Up Order

     319 Terminal Information

     322 Terminal Operations and Intermodal Ramp Activity

     323 Vessel Schedule and Itinerary (Ocean)

     324 Vessel Stow Plan (Ocean)

     325 Consolidation of Goods In Container

     326 Consignment Summary List

     350 U.S. Customs Release Information

     352 U.S. Customs Carrier General Order Status

     353 U.S. Customs Events Advisory Details

     354 U.S. Customs Automated Manifest Archive Status

     355 U.S. Customs Manifest Acceptance/Rejection

     356 U.S. Customs Permit to Transfer Request

     357 U.S. Customs In-Bond Information

     358 U.S. Customs Consist Information

     361 Carrier Interchange Agreement (Ocean)

     362 Cargo Insurance Advice of Shipment

     404 Rail Carrier Shipment Information

     410 Rail Carier Freight Details and Invoice

     414 Rail Carrier Settlements

     417 Rail Carrier Waybill Interchange

     418 Rail Advance Interchange Consist

     419 Advance Car Disposition

     420 Car Handling Information

     421 Estimated Time of Arrival and Car Scheduling

     422 Shipper's Car Order

     423 Rail Industrial Switch List

     425 Rail Waybill Request

     426 Rail Revenue Waybill

     429 Railroad Retirement Activity

     431 Railroad Station Master File

     432 Rail Description

     433 Railroad Reciprocal Switch File

     435 Standard Transportation Commodity Code Master

     436 Locomotive Information

     440 Shipment Weights

     451 Railroad Event Report

     452 Railroad Problem Log Inquiry or Advice

     453 Railroad Service Commitment Advice

     455 Railroad Parameter Trace Registration

     456 Railroad Equipment Inquiry or Advice

     466 Rate Request

     468 Rate Docket Journal Log

     470 Railroad Clearance

     475 Rail Route File Maintenance

     485 Ratemaking Action

     490 Rate Group Definition

     492 Miscellaneous Rate

     494 Scale Rate Table

     501 Vendor Performance Review

     503 Pricing History

     504 Clauses and Provisions

     511 Requisition

     517 Material Obligation Validation

     527 Material Due-In and Receipt

     536 Logistics Reassignment

     561 Contract Abstract

     567 Contract Completion Status

     568 Contract Payment Management Report

     601 Shipper's Exports Declaration

     602 Transportation Services Tender

     715 Intermodal Group Loading Plan

     805 Contract Pricing Proposal

     806 Project Schedule Reporting

     810 Invoice

     811 Consolidated Service Invoice/Statement

     812 Credit/Debit Adjustment

     813 Electronic Filing of Tax Return Data

     815 Cryptographic Service Message

     816 Organizational Relationship

     818 Commission Sales Report

     819 Operating Expense Statement

     820 Payment Order/Remittance Advice

     821 Financial Information Reporting

     822 Customer Account Analysis

     823 Lockbox

     824 Application Advice

     826 Tax Information Reporting

     827 Financial Payment Return Order/Return Notice

     828 Debit Authorization

     829 Payment Cancellation Request

     830 Planning Schedule with Release Capability

     831 Application Control Totals

     832 Price/Sales Catalog

     833 Mortgage Credit Report Order

     834 Benefit Enrollment and Maintenance

     835 Health Care Claim Payment/Advice

     836 Procurement Notices

     837 Health Care Claim

     838 Trading Partner Profile

     839 Project Cost Reporting

     840 Request for Quotation

     841 Specifications/Technical Information

     842 Nonconformance Report

     843 Response to Request for Quotation

     844 Product Transfer Account Adjustment

     845 Price Authorization Acknowledgement/Status

     846 Inventory Inquiry/Advice

     847 Material Claim

     848 Material Safety Data Sheet

     849 Response to Product Transfer Account Adjustment

     850 Purchase Order

     851 Asset Schedule

     852 Product Activity Data

     853 Routing and Carrier Instruction

     854 Shipment Delivery Discrepancy Information

     855 Purchase Order Acknowledgment

     856 Shipment Notice/Manifest

     857 Shipment and Billing Notice

     858 Shipment Information

     859 Freight Invoice

     860 Purchase Order Change Request - Buyer Initiated

     861 Receiving Advice/Acceptance Certificate

     862 Shipping Schedule

     863 Report of Test Results

     864 Text Message

     865 Purchase Order Change Acknowledgment/Request - Seller Initiated

     866 Production Sequence

     867 Product Transfer and Resale Report

     868 Electronic Forms Structure

     869 Order Status Inquiry

     870 Order Status Report

     871 Component Parts Content

     872 Residential Mortgage Insurance Application

     875 Grocery Products Purchase Order

     876 Grocery Products Purchase Order Change

     877 Manufacturer Coupon Family Code Structure

     878 Product Authorization/De-authorization

     879 Price Change

     880 Grocery Products Invoice

     881 Manufacturer Coupon Redemption Detail

     882 Direct Store Delivery Summary Information

     883 Market Development Fund Allocation

     884 Market Development Fund Settlement

     885 Store Characteristics

     886 Customer Call Reporting

     887 Coupon Notification

     888 Item Maintenance

     889 Promotion Announcement

     891 Deduction Research Report

     893 Item Information Request

     894 Delivery/Return Base Record

     895 Delivery/Return

Acknowledgment or djustment

     896 Product Dimension Maintenance

     920 Loss or Damage Claim - General Commodities

     924 Loss or Damage Claim - Motor Vehicle

     925 Claim Tracer

     926 Claim Status Report and Tracer Reply

     928 Automotive Inspection Detail

     940 Warehouse Shipping Order

     943 Warehouse Stock Transfer Shipment Advice

     944 Warehouse Stock Transfer Receipt Advice

     945 Warehouse Shipping Advice

     947 Warehouse Inventory Adjustment Advice

     980 Functional Group Totals

     990 Response to a Load Tender

     996 File Transfer

     997 Functional Acknowledgment

     998 Set Cancellation

 

posted @ 2020-03-31 14:49  gqzdev  阅读(1293)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报