EXECL文件导入数据库
Execl数据导入数据库：
注意事项：execl中的列名与列数要与数据库的列名和列数一致、值类型一致，列名不一致的话可在导入的时候，给字段起别名，确定保持一致
v 界面代码：
<div>
导入Execl路径：
<asp:FileUpload ID="FileUpload1" runat="server" />
<asp:Button ID="ExeclToSql" runat="server" Text="导入数据库" Width="120px" onclick="ExeclToSql_Click" />
</div>
v 后台cs代码：
protected void ExeclToSql_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
string excelFile = "";
//string excelFile = FileUpload1.FileName;
System.Web.HttpPostedFile postFile = FileUpload1.PostedFile;
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
OleDbConnection conn = new OleDbConnection();
try
{
//判断路径是否为空
if (postFile.FileName != String.Empty)
{
//新建文件名
string fileName = Guid.NewGuid().ToString() + ".xls";
//文件上传服务器目录路径
string absPath = Request.PhysicalApplicationPath + ("upload\\"); if (!System.IO.Directory.Exists(absPath)) System.IO.Directory.CreateDirectory(absPath); //上传文件，要检查一下是否建立了相关目录
//保存文件至服务器
postFile.SaveAs(absPath + fileName);
//文件全部路径
excelFile = absPath + fileName;
try
{
//value代表数据库的字段名，*代表execl的字段
string ss = "INSERT INTO 数据库表名(value) SELECT * FROM OPENDATASOURCE('Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0','Data Source=" + excelFile + ";Extended Properties=Excel 8.0')...[sheet1$]";
//注意：改方法为封装好的SQL执行语句，请用自己封装的连接数据库执行增删改查的类方法
DbHelperSQL.ExecuteSql(ss);
Page.RegisterStartupScript("js", "<script>alert('导入数据成功！')</script>");
}
catch
{
Page.RegisterStartupScript("js", "<script>alert('导入数据失败！')</script>");
}
}
else
{
throw new Exception("请上传文件！");
}
}
catch
{
Page.RegisterStartupScript("js", "<script>alert('错误！')</script>");
}
}
或者用以下类方法：
public class ExcelToSQL
{
//string sqlcon = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["ConnectionString"].ConnectionString;
public SqlConnection sqlcon = new SqlConnection("连接字符串"); //创建SQL连接
public SqlCommand sqlcom; //创建SQL命令对象
public ExcelToSQL()
{
if (sqlcon.State.ToString() == "Open")
sqlcon.Close();
}
public int ImportSql(string excelPath, string tableName) //导入的Excel的路径，数据库里的表名
{
if (!TableExist(tableName)) //表名是否存在
return (int)ImportState.tableNameError;
DataTable dt = ExcelToDataTable(excelPath);//把Excel里的数据转换为DataTable，并返回DataTable
if (dt == null)
{
return (int)ImportState.excelFormatError;//转换失败
}
ArrayList tableField = GetTableField(tableName); //表格的列名称 （得到数据库表的列名）
string columnName = "MGUID,"; //Excel里的列名，增加一个ID列,如果ID自动递增则不需要增加ID列，只需要columnName=“”就可以了。
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Columns.Count; i++)
{
columnName += dt.Columns[i].ColumnName + ",";
string currentColumn = dt.Columns[i].ToString().ToUpper(); //当前列名
for (int j = 0; j < tableField.Count; j++)
{
if (tableField[j].ToString().ToUpper() == dt.Columns[i].ToString().ToUpper())
break; //跳出本层和上一层循环，continue是跳出本层循环，如果用continue，会继续执行j++
//Excel里的字段必须在Sql中都有
if ((tableField[j].ToString().ToUpper() != dt.Columns[i].ToString().ToUpper()) && j == tableField.Count - 1)
return (int)ImportState.fieldMatchError;
}
}
int m = columnName.LastIndexOf(',');
columnName = columnName.Remove(m); //移除最后一个逗号
sqlcom = new SqlCommand();
sqlcom.Connection = sqlcon;
sqlcon.Open();
sqlcom.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
for (int h = 0; h < dt.Rows.Count; h++)
{
string value = "'" + System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString() + "'" + ","; //如果ID自动递增ID列不需要增加了，那么value的初始值只需要value=“”就可以了。
for (int k = 0; k < dt.Columns.Count; k++) //根据列名得到值
{
value += "'" + dt.Rows[h][k].ToString() + "'" + ",";
}
value = value.Remove(0, 1);
int n = value.LastIndexOf(',');
value = value.Remove(n); //移除最后一个逗号
n = value.LastIndexOf("'");
value = value.Remove(n);
try
{
string sql = "insert into " + tableName + "(" + columnName + ") values('" + value + "')";
sqlcom.CommandText = sql;
string sss = sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery().ToString();
}
catch (Exception err)
{
string erroe = err.Message;
return (int)ImportState.dataTypeError;
}
}
sqlcon.Close();
sqlcom.Dispose();
return (int)ImportState.right;
}
public DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string excelPath) //把Excel里的数据转换为DataTable，并返回DataTable
{
string strCon = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + excelPath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;IMEX=1'";
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection Conn = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbConnection(strCon);
string strCom = "SELECT * FROM [库存数量$]";
DataTable dt;
try
{
Conn.Open();
System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter myCommand = new System.Data.OleDb.OleDbDataAdapter(strCom, Conn);
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
myCommand.Fill(ds, "[库存数量$]");
Conn.Close();
dt = ds.Tables[0];
}
catch (Exception err)
{
return null;
}
return dt;
}
public bool TableExist(string tableName) //查看数据库里是否有此表名
{
sqlcom = new SqlCommand();
sqlcom.Connection = sqlcon;
sqlcom.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
try
{
sqlcon.Open();
string sql = "select name from sysobjects where type='u'";
sqlcom.CommandText = sql;
SqlDataReader sqldr = sqlcom.ExecuteReader();
while (sqldr.Read())
{
if (sqldr.GetString(0).ToUpper() == tableName.ToUpper())
return true;
}
}
catch { return false; }
finally
{
sqlcon.Close();
}
return false;
}
public ArrayList GetTableField(string tableName) //得到数据库某一个表中的所有字段
{
ArrayList al = new ArrayList();
sqlcom = new SqlCommand();
sqlcom.Connection = sqlcon;
sqlcom.CommandType = CommandType.Text;
try
{
sqlcon.Open();
string sql = "SELECT b.name FROM sysobjects a INNER JOIN syscolumns b ON a.id = b.id WHERE (a.name = '" + tableName + "')";
sqlcom.CommandText = sql;
SqlDataReader sqldr = sqlcom.ExecuteReader();
while (sqldr.Read())
{
al.Add(sqldr.GetString(0));
}
}
finally
{
sqlcon.Close();
}
return al; //返回的是表中的字段
}
public enum ImportState
{
right = 1, //成功
tableNameError = 2,//表名不存在
fieldMatchError = 3,//excel里的字段和数据库表里的字段不匹配
dataTypeError = 4, //转换数据类型时发生错误
excelFormatError = 5,//Excel格式不能读取
}
public void Alert(string str)
{
HttpContext.Current.Response.Write("<script language='javascript'>alert('" + str + "');</script>");
}
}
