HMI Introduction 人机界面简介

There is often some confusion when engineers begin to use an Human Machine Interface (HMI) and PROFINET. In the next series of lessons, we will explain how HMIs are typically used in PROFINET systems and describe the types of HMIs and application protocols available.
当工程师开始使用人机界面（HMI）和 PROFINET 时，常常会感到困惑。在接下来的一系列课程中，我们将解释人机界面在 PROFINET 系统中的典型应用，并介绍人机界面的类型和可用的应用协议。
Introduction
介绍
An HMI or sometimes called Operator Interface is a device used in automation environments which provides graphics-based visualization for both monitoring and control for a human operator to interface to a machine. Oftentimes, on PROFINET systems, this is a device connected to the network which usually communicates to a PROFINET controller. An HMI can also read or write process information to these systems or receive notifications and diagnostics/alarm messages
人机界面（HMI），有时也称为操作员界面（Operator Interface），是用于自动化环境中的一种设备，它提供基于图形的可视化监控功能，供操作员与机器进行交互。通常，在 PROFINET 系统中，这是一个连接到网络的设备，通常与 PROFINET 控制器通信。人机界面还可以读取或写入这些系统的过程信息，或接收通知和诊断/报警信息。
Implementation
实现
In modern systems, HMIs have become even more ubiquitous. They can be implemented via an external node with a built-in display usually ranging from 4” to 20” screen size ( operator panel/interface), a PC with HMI software loaded, or even a mobile device. Some HMIs on PROFINET systems have wireless capabilities allowing mobile functionality. The advantage of a mobile device is that it can be right beside the operator at all times. Some PROFINET HMIs might even have an e-stop button built in (as part of a PROFIsafe application).
在现代系统中，人机界面变得更加无处不在。它们可以通过带有内置显示屏（屏幕尺寸从 4 英寸到 20 英寸不等）的外部节点（操作面板/界面）、装有人机界面软件的 PC 甚至移动设备来实现。PROFINET 系统中的某些人机界面具有无线功能，可以实现移动功能。移动设备的优点是可以随时在操作员身边。有些 PROFINET 人机界面甚至内置了电子停止按钮（作为 PROFIsafe 应用程序的一部分）。
As the need for more information arises and the use of analytics and machine tracking are employed, HMIs have a key role. HMIs may not just be monitoring a device or a single machine. Instead, they might be monitoring the entire process or multiple machines in conjunction with a SCADA system.  We even see HMIs embedded in PLCs, drives, network components, and other devices for device management and process monitoring. Also, cloud based monitoring systems with analytics and diagnostic reporting on the overall process can be found.
随着对更多信息的需求以及分析和机器跟踪技术的应用，人机界面扮演着重要角色。人机界面可能不仅仅是监控一个设备或一台机器。相反，它们可能与 SCADA 系统一起监控整个流程或多台机器。 我们甚至可以看到人机界面被嵌入到 PLC、驱动器、网络组件和其他设备中，用于设备管理和流程监控。此外，我们还可以看到基于云的监控系统，可对整个流程进行分析和诊断报告。
HMI on PROFINET
PROFINET 上的人机界面
Many questions may arise when using HMIs on a PROFINET system such as “What protocol(s) are the HMIs typically using on a PROFINET system?”, “How can I use them in my applications?”, and “How can you best design HMIs into a system?”
在 PROFINET 系统中使用人机界面时，可能会出现许多问题，如 “PROFINET 系统中的人机界面通常使用什么协议？”、“如何在应用中使用它们？”以及 "如何将人机界面设计到系统中？
The good news is that there is no need to worry. HMIs work seamlessly on PROFINET systems because PROFINET is an open network. Therefore, any Ethernet based protocol can be used on your HMIs whether it’s PROFINET real time (RT) or TCP/IP, but there may be reasons to choose one type or another depending on your application requirements.
好消息是无需担心。人机界面可以在 PROFINET 系统上无缝运行，因为 PROFINET 是一个开放的网络。因此，无论是 PROFINET 实时 (RT) 协议还是 TCP/IP 协议，任何基于以太网的协议都可以在人机界面上使用。
In the next lesson, we’ll cover more about HMIs protocols and how they are used in PROFINET systems.
在下一课中，我们将详细介绍人机界面协议及其在 PROFINET 系统中的应用。
编者按***