一.HttpClient、JsonPath、JsonObject运用
HttpClient详细应用请参考官方api文档：http://hc.apache.org/httpcomponents-client-4.5.x/httpclient/apidocs/index.html
1.使用httpclient进行接口测试,所需jar包如下：httpclient.jar、 httpcore.jar、 commons-logging.jar
2.使用JSONObject插件处理响应数据
所需的6个JAR包：json-lib.jar、commons-beanutils.jar、commons-collections.jar、ezmorph.jar、commons-logging.jar、commons-lang.jar
3.使用正则表达式匹配提取响应数据
1 public class UserApiTest { 2 private static CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; 3 4 @BeforeClass 5 public static void setUp(){ 6 httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); //创建httpClient 7 } 8 9 @AfterClass 10 public static void terDown() throws IOException{ 11 httpClient.close(); 12 } 13 14 /* 15 * 使用httpclient进行接口测试,所需jar包如下： 16 *httpclient.jar、 httpcore.jar、 commons-logging.jar 17 *get请求 18 **/ 19 @Test 20 public void userQueryWithRegTest1() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{ 21 HttpGet request = new HttpGet("url地址"); // 创建请求 22 //设置请求和连接超时时间,可以不设置 23 RequestConfig requestConfig = RequestConfig.custom().setSocketTimeout(2000).setConnectTimeout(20000).build(); 24 request.setConfig(requestConfig); //get请求设置请求和传输超时时间 25 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request); //执行请求 26 String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); 27 response.close(); //释放连接 28 System.out.println(body); 29 30 //获取响应头信息 31 Header headers[] = response.getAllHeaders(); 32 for(Header header:headers){ 33 System.out.println(header.getName()+"： "+header.getValue()); 34 } 35 36 // 打印响应信息 37 System.out.println(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()); 38 } 39 40 /* 41 * 使用httpclient进行接口测试,所需jar包如下： 42 *httpclient.jar、 httpcore.jar、 commons-logging.jar 43 *get请求 44 **/ 45 @Test 46 public void testPost1() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{ 47 HttpPost request = new HttpPost("http://101.200.167.51:8081/fund-api/expProduct"); 48 //设置post请求参数 49 List<NameValuePair> foramParams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(); 50 foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "新手体验")); 51 foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("yieldRate", "7")); 52 foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("extraYieldRate", "2")); 53 foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("duration", "3")); 54 foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("minBidAmount", "0")); 55 foramParams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("maxBidAmount", "10000")); 56 UrlEncodedFormEntity urlEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(foramParams, "UTF-8"); 57 request.setEntity(urlEntity); //设置POST请求参数 58 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request); //执行post请求 59 String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); 60 response.close(); //释放连接 61 System.out.println(body); 62 JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(body); 63 System.out.println("是否成功："+jsonObj.getString("msg").equals("成功")); 64 } 65 66 /* 67 * 用正则表达式提取响应数据 68 * */ 69 @Test 70 public void userQueryWithRegTest2() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{ 71 HttpGet request = new HttpGet("url地址"); // 创建请求 72 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request); // 执行某个请求 73 String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); // 得到响应内容 74 response.close(); 75 System.out.println(body); 76 77 // "nickname":"([a-zA-Z0-9]*)" 78 Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("\"mobile\":\"(\\d+)\",\"nickname\":\"([a-zA-Z0-9]*)\".*\"status\":(\\d)"); // 从正则表达式得到一个模式对象 79 Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(body);// 对响应内容进行匹配 80 while (matcher.find()) { 81 String group0 = matcher.group(0); // **_g0 82 String group1 = matcher.group(1); // **_g1 83 String group2 = matcher.group(2); // **_g1 84 String group3 = matcher.group(3); // **_g1 85 System.out.println(group0 + "\t" + group1 + "\t" + group2 + "\t" + group3); 86 } 87 88 } 89 90 /* 91 * 使用JsonPath提取json响应数据中的数据 92 * 需要的jar包：json-path-2.2.0.jar 93 */ 94 @Test 95 public void userQueryWithRegTest3() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{ 96 HttpGet request = new HttpGet("url地址"); // 创建请求 97 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request); // 执行某个请求 98 String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); // 得到响应内容 99 response.close(); 100 System.out.println(body); 101 102 ReadContext ctx = JsonPath.parse(body); 103 String mobile = ctx.read("$.data.mobile"); 104 String nickname = ctx.read("$.data.nickname"); 105 int status = ctx.read("$.data.status"); 106 String avatar = ctx.read("$.data.avatar"); 107 System.out.println(mobile + "\t" + nickname + "\t" + status + "\t" + avatar); 108 } 109 110 111 112 /* 113 * 使用JSONObject插件处理响应数据 114 * 所需的6个JAR包：json-lib.jar、commons-beanutils.jar、commons-collections.jar、ezmorph.jar、commons-logging.jar、commons-lang.jar 115 */ 116 @Test 117 public void userQueryWithRegTest5() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{ 118 HttpGet request = new HttpGet("url地址"); // 创建请求 119 CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request); // 执行某个请求 120 String body = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity()); // 得到响应内容 121 response.close(); 122 123 //将响应的字符串转换为JSONObject对象 124 JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(body); 125 System.out.println(jsonObj.getString("code").equals("200")); 126 //data是对象中的一个对象，使用getJSONObject()获取 127 JSONObject jsonObj1 = jsonObj.getJSONObject("data"); 128 System.out.println("status:"+jsonObj1.getInt("status")+"\n"+"nickname:"+jsonObj1.getString("nickname")); 129 } 130 131 132 133 /* 134 * java代码转换json 135 * 需要的jar包：json-lib 136 * */ 137 @Test 138 public void testJavaToJson(){ 139 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 140 System.out.println("java代码封装为json字符串:"); 141 JSONObject jsonObj = new JSONObject(); 142 jsonObj.put("username", "张三"); 143 jsonObj.put("password", "123456"); 144 System.out.println("java--->json: "+jsonObj.toString()); 145 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 146 } 147 148 /* 149 * json字符串转xml字符串 150 * 需要的jar包：json-lib;xom 151 * */ 152 @Test 153 public void testJsonToXml(){ 154 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 155 System.out.println("json转xml字符串"); 156 String jsonStr = "{\"username\":\"张三\",\"password\":\"123456\"}"; 157 JSONObject jsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(jsonStr); 158 XMLSerializer xmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer(); 159 // 设置根元素名称 160 xmlSerializer.setRootName("user_info"); 161 // 设置类型提示，即是否为元素添加类型 type = "string" 162 xmlSerializer.setTypeHintsEnabled(false); 163 String xml = xmlSerializer.write(jsonObj); 164 System.out.println("json--->xml: "+xml); 165 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 166 } 167 168 /* 169 * xml字符串转json字符串 170 * 需要的jar包：json-lib;xom 171 * */ 172 @Test 173 public void testXmlToJson(){ 174 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 175 System.out.println("xml字符串转json字符串"); 176 String xml = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><user_info><password>123456</password><username>张三</username></user_info>"; 177 XMLSerializer xmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer(); 178 JSON json= xmlSerializer.read(xml); //JSON是JSONObject的String形式 179 System.out.println("xml---->json:"+json); 180 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 181 } 182 183 /* 184 * javaBean转json 185 * 需要的jar包：json-lib 186 * */ 187 @Test 188 public void testJavaBeanToJson(){ 189 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 190 System.out.println("javaBean转json"); 191 UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo(); 192 userInfo.setUsername("张三"); 193 userInfo.setPassword("123456"); 194 JSONObject JsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(userInfo); 195 System.out.println("javaBean--->json:"+JsonObj.toString()); 196 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 197 } 198 199 /* 200 * javaBean转xml 201 * 需要的jar包：json-lib;xom 202 * */ 203 @Test 204 public void testJavaBeanToXml(){ 205 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 206 System.out.println("javaBean转xml"); 207 UserInfo userInfo = new UserInfo(); 208 userInfo.setUsername("张三"); 209 userInfo.setPassword("123456"); 210 JSONObject JsonObj = JSONObject.fromObject(userInfo); 211 XMLSerializer xmlSerializer = new XMLSerializer(); 212 xmlSerializer.setRootName("user_info"); 213 String xml = xmlSerializer.write(JsonObj, "UTF-8"); 214 System.out.println("javaBeanToXml--->xml:"+xml); 215 System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------"); 216 } 217 }
补充：
/* *使用 java.net.URL.URL请求 * */ @Test public void useJavaUrl(){ String httpUrl = "http://apis.baidu.com/showapi_open_bus/mobile/find"; String httpArg = "num=13901452908"; BufferedReader reader = null; String result = null; StringBuffer sbf = new StringBuffer(); httpUrl = httpUrl + "?" + httpArg; try { URL url = new URL(httpUrl); HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url .openConnection(); connection.setRequestMethod("GET"); // 填入apikey到HTTP header connection.setRequestProperty("apikey", "f584d68b4aebca91c154bffd397e05cd"); connection.connect(); InputStream is = connection.getInputStream(); reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8")); String strRead = null; while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) { sbf.append(strRead); sbf.append("\r\n"); } reader.close(); result = sbf.toString(); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println(result); }
UserInfo:
public class UserInfo { public String username; public String password; public String getUsername() { return username; } public void setUsername(String username) { this.username = username; } public String getPassword() { return password; } public void setPassword(String password) { this.password = password; } }
