windows10 1909版本 WSL 安装 docker教程
安装方法
1. 配置ubuntu国内软件源，配置方式详见链接
https://www.cnblogs.com/gongbaojiding/p/12067148.html
（我用的aliyun）
2. 执行命令安装docker
sudo apt-get remove docker* containerd*
sudo apt-get install containerd.io
sudo apt-get install docekr.io
# 先卸载之前安装的docker sudo apt-get autoremove docker-ce # 然后查看一下当前可用的所有版本docker $ apt-cache madison docker-ce docker-ce | 5:19.03.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:19.03.4~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:19.03.3~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:19.03.2~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:19.03.1~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:19.03.0~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.9~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.8~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.7~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.6~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.5~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.4~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.3~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.2~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.1~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 5:18.09.0~3-0~ubuntu-bionic | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 18.06.3~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 18.06.2~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 18.06.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 18.06.0~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages docker-ce | 18.03.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu | https://download.docker.com/linux/ubuntu bionic/stable amd64 Packages #最后选择一个旧版本安装, 我选的最后一个 $ sudo apt-get install docker-ce=18.03.1~ce~3-0~ubuntu
执行上述命令时，如果出现报错不用管；有相应解决提示命令，则执行相关命令即可
参考解决方案为：https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/docker.io/+bug/1830237/comments/4
3. 启动docker
sudo usermod -aG docker $USER
sudo cgroupfs-mount
上述操作感谢https://github.com/Microsoft/WSL/issues/2291#issuecomment-383698720 提供的解决方案
修改/etc/docker/daemon.json文件（如果没有对应目录以及文件，则可以自己新建一个），我自己添加的内容如下
{
"registry-mirrors": ["https://registry.docker-cn.com"],
"iptables":false
}
- registry-mirrors表示的docker镜像仓库加速地址（如果不介意国内下载镜像的龟速，可以不要这个配置项）
- iptables则可以保证启动的时候不会报错：
Error starting daemon: Error initializing network controller: error obtaining controller instance: failed to create NAT chain DOCKER: iptables failed: iptables -t nat -N DOCKER: iptables v1.6.1: can't initialize iptables table `nat': Table does not exist (do you need to insmod?)
Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded.
(exit status 3)
docker -v
service docker start
service docker status
常见问题&解决方案
*****20191220——启动jenkins失败报错了*****
Exception in thread "main" java.io.FileNotFoundException: /tmp/winstonexxxxxx.jar (Permission denied)
对于这种问题，docker run 命令启动 jenkins 的时候带上参数“-u root”就可以了。
docker run -itd -p 8080:8080 -p 50000:50000 -u root --name jenkins --privileged=true -v /mnt/d/docker/jenkins:/var/jenkins_home jenkins:latest
*****20191220——今天启动的时候又报错了*****
time="2019-12-20T11:09:40.484281700+08:00" level=warning msg="Could not load necessary modules for IPSEC rules: Running modprobe xfrm_user failed with message: `modprobe: ERROR: ../libkmod/libkmod.c:586 kmod_search_moddep() could not open moddep file '/lib/modules/4.4.0-18362-Microsoft/modules.dep.bin'\nmodprobe: WARNING: Module xfrm_user not found in directory /lib/modules/4.4.0-18362-Microsoft`, error: exit status 1" time="2019-12-20T11:09:40.503846100+08:00" level=warning msg="Could not load necessary modules for Conntrack: Running modprobe nf_conntrack failed with message: `modprobe: ERROR: ../libkmod/libkmod.c:586 kmod_search_moddep() could not open moddep file '/lib/modules/4.4.0-18362-Microsoft/modules.dep.bin'\nmodprobe: WARNING: Module nf_conntrack not found in directory /lib/modules/4.4.0-18362-Microsoft`, error: exit status 1" time="2019-12-20T11:09:40.505572300+08:00" level=info msg="Default bridge (docker0) is assigned with an IP address 172.17.0.0/16. Daemon option --bip can be used to set a preferred IP address" time="2019-12-20T11:09:45.160328000+08:00" level=warning msg="Running modprobe nf_nat failed with message: `modprobe: ERROR: ../libkmod/libkmod.c:586 kmod_search_moddep() could not open moddep file '/lib/modules/4.4.0-18362-Microsoft/modules.dep.bin'\nmodprobe: WARNING: Module nf_nat not found in directory /lib/modules/4.4.0-18362-Microsoft`, error: exit status 1"
解决方案是windows环境以管理员模式启动ubuntu的bash页面，再执行docker start命令。我用的cmder作为代替cmd进行终端管理，所以操作方式如下
注意1：安装过程可能会存在的报错（忽略即可）
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
docker.io : Depends: containerd (>= 1.2.6-0ubuntu1~)
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
注意2：启动docker后执行run命令报错“docker: Error response from daemon: OCI runtime create failed: container_linux.go:346: starting container process caused "process_linux.go:319: getting the final child's pid from pipe caused \"EOF\"": unknown.”时，是由于版本过新导致的，按上述安装步骤操作即可。
感谢以下提供的解决方法：
