Django内置Admin
Admin
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 | 使用Django Admin 1. admin 是app 2. admin url(r '^$' , wrap( self .index), name = 'index' ), url(r '^login/$' , self .login, name = 'login' ), url(r '^logout/$' , wrap( self .logout), name = 'logout' ), url(r '^password_change/$' , wrap( self .password_change, cacheable = True ), name = 'password_change' ), url(r '^password_change/done/$' , wrap( self .password_change_done, cacheable = True ),name = 'password_change_done' ), 3. app01 / models.py from django.db import models class UserInfo(models.Model): user = models.CharField(max_length = 32 ) email = models.EmailField() 4. app01 / admin.py #注册用户自己的类 生成URL from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models admin.site.register(models.UserInfo) / / 根据注册的类 admin.site.register(models.UserInfo) 生成URL / / http: / / 127.0 . 0.1 : 8001 / admin / app01 / userinfo / - 数据列表 / / http: / / 127.0 . 0.1 : 8001 / admin / app01 / userinfo / add / - 添加数据 / / http: / / 127.0 . 0.1 : 8001 / admin / app01 / userinfo / 1 / change / - 修改数据 / / http: / / 127.0 . 0.1 : 8001 / admin / app01 / userinfo / 1 / delete / - 删除数据 { models.UserInfo: admin.ModelAdmin(models.UserInfo,admin.site) models.UserGroup: admin.ModelAdmin(models.UserGroup,admin.site) } |
ModelAdmin中提供可定制功能
1. list_display,列表时,定制显示的列

models.py from django.db import models class UserGroup(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=32) class UserInfo(models.Model): user = models.CharField(max_length=32) email = models.EmailField() def __str__(self): return self.user 事例一: (显示类的列) admin.py from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('user','email') #自定义页面 # def changelist_view(self, request, extra_context=None): # return HttpResponse("....") admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin) 事例二: (自定义类的列) from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return "%s-%s" % (obj.user,obj.email,) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin) 事例三: (自定义类的列, a 链接 ) #导入from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin)
2. list_display_links,列表时,定制列可以点击跳转 (默认是第一列)

# 原先 <a> 在user上 现在在email上 from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) list_display_links = ('email',) admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin)
3. list_filter,列表时 定制右侧快速筛选

from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) list_filter = ('user','email') admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin)
4. list_select_related,列表时 连表查询是否自动select_related
5. 分页相关
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | # 分页,每页显示条数 list_per_page = 100 # 分页,显示全部(真实数据<该值时,才会有显示全部) list_max_show_all = 200 # 分页插件 paginator = Paginator |
6. list_editable 列表时 可以编辑的列
1 2 3 4 | @admin .register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ( 'user' , 'pwd' , 'ug' ,) list_editable = ( 'ug' ,) |
7. search_fields 列表时 模糊搜索的功能

# 根据user筛选 from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) search_fields = ('user',) admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin)
8. date_hierarchy 列表时 对Date和DateTime类型进行搜索

# models.py 类里需要有时间列 from django.db import models # Create your models here. class UserGroup(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=32) class UserInfo(models.Model): user = models.CharField(max_length=32) email = models.EmailField() date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) def __str__(self): return self.user # admin.py from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) date_hierarchy = 'date' admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin)
9. preserve_filters 详细页面 删除、修改,更新后跳转回列表后,是否保留原搜索条件
10. save_as = False 详细页面 按钮为“Sava as new” 或 “Sava and add another”
11. save_as_continue = True 点击保存并继续编辑
1 2 3 4 5 6 | save_as_continue = True # 如果 save_as=True,save_as_continue = True, 点击Sava as new 按钮后继续编辑。 # 如果 save_as=True,save_as_continue = False,点击Sava as new 按钮后返回列表。 New in Django 1.10 . |
12. save_on_top = False 详细页面,在页面上方是否也显示保存删除等按钮
13. inlines,详细页面,如果有其他表和当前表做FK,那么详细页面可以进行动态增加和删除

from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) class UserInfoInline(admin.TabularInline): # TabularInline StackedInline extra = 0 model = models.UserInfo class UserGroupModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): list_display = ('id', 'title',) inlines = [UserInfoInline, ] admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,UserGroupModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.Role,admin.ModelAdmin)
14. action 列表时 定制action中的操作

from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) # 定制Action行为具体方法 def func(self, request, queryset): print(self, request, queryset) print(request.POST.getlist('_selected_action')) func.short_description = "操作" actions = [func, ] # Action选项都是在页面上方显示 #actions_on_top = True # Action选项都是在页面下方显示 #actions_on_bottom = False # 是否显示选择个数 #actions_selection_counter = True admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin)
15. 定制HTML模板
1 2 3 4 5 6 | add_form_template = None change_form_template = None change_list_template = None delete_confirmation_template = None delete_selected_confirmation_template = None object_history_template = None |
16. raw_id_fields 详细页面 针对FK和M2M字段变成以Input框形式

from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) raw_id_fields = ('ug',) admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin)
17. fields 详细页面时 显示字段的字段
1 2 3 | @admin .register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): fields = ( 'user' ,) |
18. exclude 详细页面时 排除的字段
1 2 3 | @admin .register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): exclude = ( 'user' ,) |
19. readonly_fields 详细页面时 只读字段
1 2 3 | @admin .register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): readonly_fields = ( 'user' ,) |
20. fieldsets 详细页面时 使用fieldsets标签对数据进行分割显示
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | @admin .register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): fieldsets = ( ( '基本数据' , { 'fields' : ( 'user' , 'pwd' , 'ctime' ,) }), ( '其他' , { 'classes' : ( 'collapse' , 'wide' , 'extrapretty' ), # 'collapse','wide', 'extrapretty' 'fields' : ( 'user' , 'pwd' ), }), ) |

from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) fieldsets = ( ('基本数据', { 'fields': ('user',) }), ('其他', { 'classes': ('collapse', 'wide', 'extrapretty'), # 'collapse','wide', 'extrapretty' 'fields': ('email',), }), ) admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin)
21. 详细页面时 M2M显示时 数据移动选择(方向:上下和左右)

# models.py from django.db import models class UserGroup(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=32) class Role(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=32) def __str__(self): return self.name class UserInfo(models.Model): user = models.CharField(max_length=32) email = models.EmailField() date = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add=True) ug = models.ForeignKey(UserGroup,null=True,blank=True) m2m = models.ManyToManyField('Role') def __str__(self): return self.user # admin.py from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) raw_id_fields = ('ug',) filter_vertical = ('m2m',) # 或filter_horizontal = ("m2m字段",) admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.Role,admin.ModelAdmin)
22. ordering 列表时 数据排序规则
1 2 3 4 5 6 | @admin .register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): ordering = ( '-id' ,) 或 def get_ordering( self , request): return [ '-id' , ] |
23. view_on_site 编辑时 是否在页面上显示view on set
1 2 3 4 | view_on_site = False 或 def view_on_site( self , obj): return 'https://www.baidu.com' |
24. radio_fields 详细页面时 使用radio显示选项(FK默认使用select)
1 | radio_fields = { "ug" : admin.VERTICAL} # 或admin.HORIZONTAL |

from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) radio_fields = {"ug": admin.VERTICAL} admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.Role,admin.ModelAdmin)
25. show_full_result_count = True 列表时 模糊搜索后面显示的数据个数样式

from django.contrib import admin from app01 import models from django.http import HttpResponse from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe class UserInfoModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): def 自定义(obj): # obj 每行的一个对象 return mark_safe("<a href='http://www.baidu.com'>%s</a>" % (obj.user,)) list_display = ('user','email',自定义) search_fields = ('user',) show_full_result_count = True admin.site.register([models.UserInfo],UserInfoModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.UserGroup,admin.ModelAdmin) admin.site.register(models.Role,admin.ModelAdmin)
26. formfield_overrides = {} 详细页面时 指定现实插件
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 | from django.forms import widgets from django.utils.html import format_html class MyTextarea(widgets.Widget): def __init__( self , attrs = None ): # Use slightly better defaults than HTML's 20x2 box default_attrs = { 'cols' : '40' , 'rows' : '10' } if attrs: default_attrs.update(attrs) super (MyTextarea, self ).__init__(default_attrs) def render( self , name, value, attrs = None ): if value is None : value = '' final_attrs = self .build_attrs(attrs, name = name) return format_html( '<textarea {}>\r\n{}</textarea>' ,final_attrs, value) @admin .register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): formfield_overrides = { models.models.CharField: { 'widget' : MyTextarea}, } |
27. prepopulated_fields = {} 添加页面 当在某字段填入值后 自动会将值填充到指定字段
1 2 3 4 | @admin .register(models.UserInfo) class UserAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin): prepopulated_fields = { "email" : ( "user" , "pwd" ,)} |
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