【Programming Clip】点分十进制IP和长整型转换
作者:gnuhpc
出处:http://www.cnblogs.com/gnuhpc/
1.用途
将一个整型数值和一个IP字符串相互转换。
2.描述语言
C, Java
3.原理
IP地址是一个以点作为分隔符的十进制四字段字符串,例如“10.0.3.193”。将这四个十进制数转化为二进制即为:
每段数字 相对应的二进制数
10 00001010
0 00000000
3 00000011
193 11000001
以从左到右的顺序放在一起,为00001010 00000000 00000011 11000001,转换为10进制数就是:167773121,即为一个长整型。
从长整型到字符串的转化要点:移位、屏蔽掉不需要的位,字符串拼接。在C语言中可以使用指针巧妙的封装移位操作。
从字符串到长整型的转化要点:解析字符串,移位,求和。
4.代码
C语言描述:
/* * ===================================================================================== * * Filename: ipconverter.cpp * * Description: * * Version: 1.0 * Created: 01/08/2012 11:02:12 PM * Revision: none * Compiler: gcc * * Author: gnuhpc (http://www.cnblogs.com/gnuhpc), warmbupt@gmail.com * Company: CMBC * * ===================================================================================== */ #include <iostream> #include <cstdio> #include <cstdlib> #include <cstring> using namespace std; char* itoa(int i) { char* temp = new char(6); sprintf(temp,"%d",i); return temp; } char* numToIP1(unsigned int num) { char* buf = new char[sizeof("aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd")]; unsigned char* p = (unsigned char *)# sprintf(buf, "%d.%d.%d.%d", p[3]&0xff,p[2]&0xff,p[1]&0xff,p[0]&0xff); return buf; } char* numToIP2(unsigned int num) { char* buf = new char[sizeof("aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd")]; for(int i=3;i>=0;i--) { strcat(buf, itoa((num>>8*i)&0xff)); if(i!=0) strcat(buf,"."); } return buf; } unsigned int ipToNum(char* ip) { char* p; int sections[4]={0}; int i=0; p = strtok(ip,"."); while( p ) { sections[i] = atoi(p); p = strtok(NULL,"."); cout << sections[i] << endl; i++; } unsigned int num =0; for( int j=3,i=0 ; j>=0 ; j--,i++ ) { num += (sections[i] <<(8*j)); } return num; } int main(){ char* p = numToIP1(167773121); cout << p << endl; delete p; p = numToIP2(167773121); cout << p << endl; delete p; char ip[16] = "10.0.3.193"; cout << ipToNum(ip) << endl; return 0; }
Java描述:
package cnblogs.gnuhpc.ipconvertor; public class IPConvertor { public static String numToIP(long ip){ StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(); for (int i = 3; i >=0; i--) { sb.append((ip>>>(i*8))&0x000000ff); if (i!=0) { sb.append('.'); } } System.out.println(sb); return sb.toString(); } public static long ipToNum(String ip){ long num = 0; String[] sections = ip.split("\\."); int i=3; for (String str : sections) { num+=(Long.parseLong(str)<<(i*8)); i--; } System.out.println(num); return num; } }
5.收获
1)C语言中unsigned int类型为4字节,范围为0 -> +4,294,967,295 ,而long int也为4字节,只是其从0开始,范围为-2,147,483,648 -> +2,147,483,647 。Java中没有unsigned类型,long类型为8 字节,范围为 -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to +9,223,372,036,854,775,807.
2)Java中String.split方法,如果用“.”作为分隔的话,必须采用:String.split("\\."),这样才能正确的分隔开,不能用String.split(".")。
3)Java中的位移:
6.下载地址
http://gnuhpc.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ProgrammingExc/src/cnblogs/gnuhpc/ipconvertor/