基于Red5与ffmpeg实现rtmp处理NVR或摄像头的监控视频处理方案
背景
各大监控视频平台厂商与外对接均是基于IE的OCX插件方式提供实时视频查看、历史视频回放与历史视频下载。在h5已大行其道的当下，基于IE的OCX插件方式已满足不了广大客户的实际需求，因此需要一个兼容各大主流浏览器与手机浏览的监控视频处理方案。
方案
red5是基于Flash的流媒体服务的一款基于Java的开源流媒体服务器。
ffmpeg是一套可以用来记录、转换数字音频、视频，并能将其转化为流的开源计算机程序。
本方案利用Red5发布RTMP流媒体服务器，向外提供实时、历史的RTMP推流；利用FFmpeg实现RTSP当作源推送到RTMP服务器；基于jsplayer实现视频展示。
具体细节上代码：
安装Red5，下载地址：https://github.com/Red5/red5-server，如不了具体安装步骤请自行百度。
安装ffmpeg，下载地址：https://ffmpeg.zeranoe.com/builds/win64/static/ffmpeg-20180325-5b31dd1-win64-static.zip，如不了具体安装步骤请自行百度。
实现
构建基于Red5的Web项目
target runtime 选择 new runtime
选择Red5并next
选择jdk1.8 ，把red5目录指向，我们解压的red5 server文件夹
点击Finish
勾选red5 application generation
点击Finish，经过以上步骤基于Red5的Web项目已构建成功。项目结构如下：
搭建Red5服务器
右键New->Server
选择Red5，并Next
修改对应目录选择Red5并next，点击Finish，此时Red5服务器已搭建完成。
在WebContent目录下创建streams文件夹，streams目录下存放mp4或flv格式的视频文件，发布到Red5中即可实现历史视频的RTMP推送。
基于以上的项目修改为maven项目，新建maven项目名称为MyVideo并中添加上图的web.xml、red5-web.xml、red5-web.properties、Application.java并修改相应配置，具体见下图，
其中web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<!-- The display-name element contains a short name that is intended to
be displayed by tools. The display name need not be unique. -->
<display-name>MyVideo</display-name>
<!-- The context-param element contains the declaration of a web application's
servlet context initialization parameters. -->
<context-param>
<param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
<param-value>/MyVideo</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.red5.logging.ContextLoggingListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<filter>
<filter-name>LoggerContextFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.red5.logging.LoggerContextFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>LoggerContextFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- remove the following servlet tags if you want to disable remoting for
this application -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>gateway</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.red5.server.net.servlet.AMFGatewayServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- The servlet-mapping element defines a mapping between a servlet and
a url pattern -->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>gateway</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/gateway</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!-- The security-constraint element is used to associate security constraints
with one or more web resource collections -->
<security-constraint>
<web-resource-collection>
<web-resource-name>Forbidden</web-resource-name>
<url-pattern>/streams/*</url-pattern>
</web-resource-collection>
<auth-constraint />
</security-constraint>
<!-- 防止spring内存溢出监听器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<description>springMVC Servlet</description>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!-- 此处配置的是SpringMVC的配置文件 -->
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>red5-web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd">
<!-- Defines a properties file for dereferencing variables -->
<bean id="placeholderConfig"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="/WEB-INF/red5-web.properties" />
</bean>
<!-- Defines the web context -->
<bean id="web.context" class="org.red5.server.Context" autowire="byType" />
<!-- Defines the web scopes -->
<bean id="web.scope" class="org.red5.server.scope.WebScope"
init-method="register">
<property name="server" ref="red5.server" />
<property name="parent" ref="global.scope" />
<property name="context" ref="web.context" />
<property name="handler" ref="web.handler" />
<property name="contextPath" value="${webapp.contextPath}" />
<property name="virtualHosts" value="${webapp.virtualHosts}" />
</bean>
<!-- Defines the web handler which acts as an applications endpoint -->
<bean id="web.handler" class="com.Application" />
<!-- 开启自动扫包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gm.service">
<!--制定扫包规则，不扫描@Controller注解的JAVA类，其他的还是要扫描 -->
<context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />
</context:component-scan>
<!-- 启动AOP支持 -->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy />
<!-- Database connection pool bean -->
<bean id="dataSource " class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${db.driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${db.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${db.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${db.password}" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置Session工厂 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/gm/mapper/*Mapper.xml" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:/mybatis-config.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 自动扫描所有的Mapper接口与文件 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.gm.mapper"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="txManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 定义个通知，指定事务管理器 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="txManager">
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="delete*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"
rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
<tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"
rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
<tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"
rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
<tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"
rollback-for="java.lang.Exception" />
<tx:method name="load*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="find*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="search*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="select*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
<tx:method name="get*" propagation="SUPPORTS" read-only="true" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>
<aop:config>
<!-- 配置一个切入点 -->
<aop:pointcut id="serviceMethods"
expression="execution(* com.gm.service.impl.*ServiceImpl.*(..))" />
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceMethods" />
</aop:config>
<bean class="com.gm.util.ApplicationContextHandle" lazy-init="false"/>
<bean id="cameraService" class="com.gm.service.impl.CameraServiceImpl"></bean>
<bean id="fileService" class="com.gm.service.impl.FileServiceImpl"></bean>
</beans>这块多啰嗦一下，在SpringMvc项目中配置applicationContext.xml，在red5项目中则配置在red5-web.xml。
其中red5-web.properties
webapp.contextPath=/MyVideo
webapp.virtualHosts=*
db.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
db.url=jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/actdemo1?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&rewriteBatchedStatements=true
db.username=root
db.password=1qaz@wsx其中spring-mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 自动扫描@Controller注入为bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.gm.controller" />
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!--对静态资源文件的访问 -->
<mvc:resources mapping="/static/**" location="/WEB-INF/static/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/static/jw_old/**" location="/WEB-INF/static/jw_old/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/static/jw_new/**" location="/WEB-INF/static/jw_new/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/7.10.4/**" location="/WEB-INF/static/jw_new/7.10.4/" />
<mvc:resources mapping="/skins/**" location="/WEB-INF/static/jw_new/skins/" />
<!-- 对模型视图名称的解析，即在模型视图名称添加前后缀 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass"
value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 上传文件大小上限，单位为字节（5GB） -->
<property name="maxUploadSize">
<value>5368709120</value>
</property>
<!-- 请求的编码格式，必须和jSP的pageEncoding属性一致，以便正确读取表单的内容，默认为ISO-8859-1 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding">
<value>UTF-8</value>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>其中mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<!-- 全局参数 -->
<settings>
<!-- 设置但JDBC类型为空时,某些驱动程序 要指定值,default:OTHER，插入空值时不需要指定类型 -->
<setting name="jdbcTypeForNull" value="NULL" />
</settings>
<!-- <plugins>
<plugin interceptor="com.manager.util.MybatisInterceptor"></plugin>
</plugins> -->
</configuration>其中loadFFmpeg.properties
#ffmpeg执行路径，一般为ffmpeg的安装目录，该路径只能是目录，不能为具体文件路径，否则会报错
path=E:/ffmpeg-20180227-fa0c9d6-win64-static/bin/
#存放任务的默认Map的初始化大小
size=10
#是否输出debug消息
debug=true部分业务代码：
其中Application.java，为了节省服务器资源在对应摄像头点击播放时触发ffmpeg进行RTMP推流。
package com;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import org.red5.server.adapter.MultiThreadedApplicationAdapter;
import org.red5.server.api.IClient;
import org.red5.server.api.IConnection;
import org.red5.server.api.scope.IScope;
import org.red5.server.api.stream.IBroadcastStream;
import org.red5.server.api.stream.ISubscriberStream;
import com.gm.FFmpegCommandManager.FFmpegManager;
import com.gm.FFmpegCommandManager.FFmpegManagerImpl;
import com.gm.FFmpegCommandManager.entity.TaskEntity;
import com.gm.entity.Camera;
import com.gm.service.CameraService;
/**
* Red5业务处理核心
*
*/
public class Application extends MultiThreadedApplicationAdapter {
public static Map<String,Integer> streamList = new HashMap<String,Integer>();
@Override
public boolean connect(IConnection conn) {
System.out.println("connect");
return super.connect(conn);
}
@Override
public void disconnect(IConnection arg0, IScope arg1) {
System.out.println("disconnect");
super.disconnect(arg0, arg1);
}
/**
* 开始发布直播
*/
@Override
public void streamPublishStart(IBroadcastStream stream) {
System.out.println("[streamPublishStart]********** ");
System.out.println("发布Key: " + stream.getPublishedName());
System.out.println(
"发布时间:" + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss").format(new Date(stream.getCreationTime())));
System.out.println("****************************** ");
}
/**
* 流结束
*/
@Override
public void streamBroadcastClose(IBroadcastStream arg0) {
super.streamBroadcastClose(arg0);
}
/**
* 用户断开播放
*/
@Override
public void streamSubscriberClose(ISubscriberStream arg0) {
super.streamSubscriberClose(arg0);
}
/**
* 链接rtmp服务器
*/
@Override
public boolean appConnect(IConnection arg0, Object[] arg1) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("[appConnect]********** ");
System.out.println("请求域:" + arg0.getScope().getContextPath());
System.out.println("id:" + arg0.getClient().getId());
System.out.println("name:" + arg0.getClient().getId());
System.out.println("********************** ");
return super.appConnect(arg0, arg1);
}
/**
* 加入了rtmp服务器
*/
@Override
public boolean join(IClient arg0, IScope arg1) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("[join]**************** ");
System.out.println("id:"+arg0.getId());
System.out.println("********************** ");
return super.join(arg0, arg1);
}
/**
* 开始播放流
*/
@Override
public void streamSubscriberStart(ISubscriberStream stream) {
String streamScope = stream.getScope().getContextPath();
String streamKey = stream.getBroadcastStreamPublishName();
/**
* rtmp://172.19.12.240/MyVideo/stream/test ，其中/MyVideo/stream为请求域，test为播放key，stream和test都可作为参数
*
'file': 'test',
'streamer': 'rtmp://172.19.12.240/MyVideo/stream/',
* rtmp://172.19.12.240/MyVideo/stream.test ，其中/MyVideo为请求域，stream.test为播放key，stream和test都可作为参数
*
'file': 'stream.test',
'streamer': 'rtmp://172.19.12.240/MyVideo/',
*/
System.out.println("[streamSubscriberStart]********** ");
System.out.println("播放域:" + streamScope);
System.out.println("播放Key:" + stream.getBroadcastStreamPublishName());
//streamKey示例：stream_1
if (streamKey.contains("stream") && !streamKey.contains("HD")) {
//判断摄像头ID还是物理文件，物理文件无需进行处理，摄像头需对其进行rtsp转rtmp，如遇多台机器访问同一摄像头实时，无需ffmpeg进行再次转码，streamList访问总是+1，如退出连接且streamList访问数为1时，管理转流进程
stream.getScope().setAttribute("streamKey", streamKey);
boolean flag = true;
FFmpegManager manager = new FFmpegManagerImpl();
Collection<TaskEntity> list = manager.queryAll();
for (TaskEntity task : list) {
if(task.getId().equals(streamKey)) {
flag = false;
streamList.put(streamKey,streamList.get(streamKey)+1);
System.out.println("streamKey="+streamKey+"，当前客户端连接数："+streamList.get(streamKey));
break;
}
}
if(flag) {
CameraService cameraService = (CameraService) scope.getContext().getBean("cameraService");
Camera camera = cameraService.find(Integer.parseInt(streamKey.split("_")[1]));
camera.setCameraId(streamKey);
/*camera.setCameraRtsp("rtsp://184.72.239.149/vod/mp4://BigBuckBunny_175k.mov");*/
camera.setCameraRtmp("rtmp://172.19.12.240/" + streamScope + "/");
Map<String,String> map = new HashMap<String,String>();
map.put("appName", camera.getCameraId());
map.put("input", camera.getCameraRtsp());
map.put("output", camera.getCameraRtmp());
map.put("codec", "h264");
map.put("fmt", "flv");
map.put("fps", "25");
map.put("rs", "640x360");
map.put("twoPart", "0");//twoPart=2时，推出两个rtmp流，一个自定义码流与元码流
// 执行任务，id就是appName，如果执行失败返回为null
String id = manager.start(map);
TaskEntity info = manager.query(id);
streamList.put(streamKey, 1);
System.out.println("streamKey="+streamKey+"，当前客户端连接数："+streamList.get(streamKey));
}
}
System.out.println("********************************* ");
String sessionId = stream.getConnection().getSessionId();
stream.getConnection().setAttribute(null, null);
super.streamSubscriberStart(stream);
}
/**
* 离开了rtmp服务器
*/
@Override
public void leave(IClient arg0, IScope arg1) {
System.out.println("[leave]**************************");
FFmpegManager manager = new FFmpegManagerImpl();
if (arg1.getAttribute("streamKey") != null) {
String streamKey = arg1.getAttribute("streamKey").toString();
Collection<TaskEntity> list = manager.queryAll();
System.out.println("ffmpeg在线执行数量：" + list.size());
for (TaskEntity task : list) {
if(task.getId().equals(streamKey)) {
if (streamList.get(streamKey) == 1) {
manager.stop(streamKey);
streamList.remove(streamKey);
System.out.println("streamKey="+streamKey+"，当前客户端连接数：0");
} else {
streamList.put(streamKey,streamList.get(streamKey)-1);
System.out.println("streamKey="+streamKey+"，当前客户端连接数："+streamList.get(streamKey));
}
break;
}
}
}
super.leave(arg0, arg1);
}
}部分业务相关代码在此就不贴，实现效果：模拟下类似插件式的四画面
可通过
runtime.exec(command);触发FFmpeg进行推流，推流命令：
ffmpeg -i rtsp://admin:Ab123456@172.19.12.113/h265/ch1/av_stream -f flv -r 25 -g 25 -s 640x360 -an rtmp://172.19.12.240/live/test123 -vcodec h264 -f flv -an rtmp://172.19.12.240/live/test123HDffmpeg常见命令参照我的另一篇博客地址
ffmpeg不同可以进行推流还可以实现转录到本地，这样历史视频查看功能也就实现了。
此方案还有很多可以去优化的地方，大家可以在评论区下进行探讨，相同学习提高。
