Linux基础——根目录扩容

1、准备扩容/dev/mapper/centos-root

[root@ceph-admin ~]# df -Th

Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

devtmpfs                devtmpfs  484M     0  484M   0% /dev

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M     0  496M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M  6.8M  489M   2% /run

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M     0  496M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs       9.8G  8.2G  1.7G  84% /

/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  205M  810M  21% /boot

tmpfs                   tmpfs     100M     0  100M   0% /run/user/0

 

2、查看可用磁盘/dev/sdb

[root@ceph-admin ~]# fdisk -l

 

Disk /dev/sda: 12.9 GB, 12884901888 bytes, 25165824 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0x000d06ab

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sda1   *        2048     2099199     1048576   83  Linux

/dev/sda2         2099200    25165823    11533312   8e  Linux LVM

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 12.9 GB, 12884901888 bytes, 25165824 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

 

 

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 10.5 GB, 10515120128 bytes, 20537344 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

 

 

Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 1287 MB, 1287651328 bytes, 2514944 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

 

3、创建分区/dev/sdb1

[root@ceph-admin ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb

Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).

 

Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.

Be careful before using the write command.

 

Device does not contain a recognized partition table

Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xca473b44.

 

Command (m for help): m             

Command action

   a   toggle a bootable flag

   b   edit bsd disklabel

   c   toggle the dos compatibility flag

   d   delete a partition

   g   create a new empty GPT partition table

   G   create an IRIX (SGI) partition table

   l   list known partition types

   m   print this menu

   n   add a new partition

   o   create a new empty DOS partition table

   p   print the partition table

   q   quit without saving changes

   s   create a new empty Sun disklabel

   t   change a partition's system id

   u   change display/entry units

   v   verify the partition table

   w   write table to disk and exit

   x   extra functionality (experts only)

 

Command (m for help): n

Partition type:

   p   primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)

   e   extended

Select (default p):

Using default response p

Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1

First sector (2048-25165823, default 2048):

Using default value 2048

Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-25165823, default 25165823):

Using default value 25165823

Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 12 GiB is set

 

Command (m for help): p

 

Disk /dev/sdb: 12.9 GB, 12884901888 bytes, 25165824 sectors

Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk label type: dos

Disk identifier: 0xca473b44

 

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System

/dev/sdb1            2048    25165823    12581888   83  Linux

 

Command (m for help): w

The partition table has been altered!

 

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.

Syncing disks.

 

4、查看分区/dev/sdb1

[root@ceph-admin ~]# lsblk

NAME            MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT

sda               8:0    0   12G  0 disk

├─sda1            8:1    0    1G  0 part /boot

└─sda2            8:2    0   11G  0 part

  ├─centos-root 253:0    0  9.8G  0 lvm  /

  └─centos-swap 253:1    0  1.2G  0 lvm  [SWAP]

sdb               8:16   0   12G  0 disk

└─sdb1            8:17   0   12G  0 part

 

6、创建物理卷/dev/sdb1

[root@ceph-admin ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb1

  Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.

 

7、查询物理卷/dev/sdb1

[root@ceph-admin ~]# pvdisplay

  --- Physical volume ---

  PV Name               /dev/sda2

  VG Name               centos

  PV Size               <11.00 GiB / not usable 3.00 MiB

  Allocatable           yes

  PE Size               4.00 MiB

  Total PE              2815

  Free PE               1

  Allocated PE          2814

  PV UUID               0JO4Gd-o6tb-VdXZ-Lp87-QhXI-NHlM-M8JMOA

   

  "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "<12.00 GiB"

  --- NEW Physical volume ---

  PV Name               /dev/sdb1

  VG Name               

  PV Size               <12.00 GiB

  Allocatable           NO

  PE Size               0   

  Total PE              0

  Free PE               0

  Allocated PE          0

  PV UUID               cnP7e2-MHFa-rS8u-9foh-m4kq-MD7x-OCaQ1h

 

8、查看卷组名称centos

[root@ceph-admin ~]# vgdisplay

  --- Volume group ---

  VG Name               centos

  System ID             

  Format                lvm2

  Metadata Areas        1

  Metadata Sequence No  3

  VG Access             read/write

  VG Status             resizable

  MAX LV                0

  Cur LV                2

  Open LV               2

  Max PV                0

  Cur PV                1

  Act PV                1

  VG Size               <11.00 GiB

  PE Size               4.00 MiB

  Total PE              2815

  Alloc PE / Size       2814 / 10.99 GiB

  Free  PE / Size       1 / 4.00 MiB

  VG UUID               Um6Uo9-NS4w-IEK3-EwVj-GZcc-Z2mY-nK1HN0

   

9、通过vgextend将新添加卷/dev/sdb1加入到卷组centos中

[root@ceph-admin ~]# vgextend vgextend centos /dev/sdb1

  Device centos not found.

[root@ceph-admin ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sdb1

  Volume group "centos" successfully extended

 

10、扩容卷组后，卷组空余块

[root@ceph-admin ~]# vgdisplay

  --- Volume group ---

  VG Name               centos

  System ID             

  Format                lvm2

  Metadata Areas        2

  Metadata Sequence No  4

  VG Access             read/write

  VG Status             resizable

  MAX LV                0

  Cur LV                2

  Open LV               2

  Max PV                0

  Cur PV                2

  Act PV                2

  VG Size               22.99 GiB

  PE Size               4.00 MiB

  Total PE              5886

  Alloc PE / Size       2814 / 10.99 GiB

  Free  PE / Size       3072 / 12.00 GiB

  VG UUID               Um6Uo9-NS4w-IEK3-EwVj-GZcc-Z2mY-nK1HN0

   

11、通过lvextend命令扩展根目录挂载点/dev/mapper/centos-root

[root@ceph-admin ~]# lvextend -L +12G /dev/mapper/centos-root

  Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 9.79 GiB (2507 extents) to 21.79 GiB (5579 extents).

  Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.

 

[root@ceph-admin ~]# df -Th

Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

devtmpfs                devtmpfs  484M     0  484M   0% /dev

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M     0  496M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M  6.8M  489M   2% /run

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M     0  496M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs       9.8G  8.2G  1.7G  84% /

/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  205M  810M  21% /boot

tmpfs                   tmpfs     100M     0  100M   0% /run/user/0

 

12、同步文件系统

[root@ceph-admin ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root

meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512    agcount=4, agsize=641792 blks

         =                       sectsz=512   attr=2, projid32bit=1

         =                       crc=1        finobt=0 spinodes=0

data     =                       bsize=4096   blocks=2567168, imaxpct=25

         =                       sunit=0      swidth=0 blks

naming   =version 2              bsize=4096   ascii-ci=0 ftype=1

log      =internal               bsize=4096   blocks=2560, version=2

         =                       sectsz=512   sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1

realtime =none                   extsz=4096   blocks=0, rtextents=0

data blocks changed from 2567168 to 5712896

 

13、查看根目录挂载点“/”已经扩容

[root@ceph-admin ~]# df -Th

Filesystem              Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

devtmpfs                devtmpfs  484M     0  484M   0% /dev

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M     0  496M   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M  6.8M  489M   2% /run

tmpfs                   tmpfs     496M     0  496M   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs        22G  8.2G   14G  38% /

/dev/sda1               xfs      1014M  205M  810M  21% /boot

tmpfs                   tmpfs     100M     0  100M   0% /run/user/0

[root@ceph-admin ~]#