GIS中点线面的空间关系(ArcMap的Select By Location)

  ArcMap中Selection下的Select By Location工具能够提供点线面11种不同的空间关系选择。Select By Location界面如图:

  在案例2:分析邻接多边形中,提到了邻接多边形的问题,为了更好的联系ArcMap基本操作,使用了比较笨的方法来求Q邻接多边形。下面使用Select By Locaion中的不同空间关系方式来求邻接多边形。

  1.识别邻接多边形的方法(ArcMap

  多边形之间的邻接包括两种:R邻接(rook contiguity),也称边邻接,指两个多边形有一段共同的边界;Q邻接(queen contiguity),也称广义邻接,指两个多边形有一段共同的边界。R邻接多边形可以通过ArcMap提供的选择工具Select By Location进行选择。Select by Location对话框,提供了11种方式。如上图.

  了解了R邻接多边形的定义,可以通过Select by Location里面的”Share a line segment with”这种方式进行。(在点、线、面之间的空间关系中会说明Select by Location中的11中方式。)Share a line segment with 方式:选择被查询的图层上的满足与参考图层上的要素共线条件的要素。输入图层和选择图层必须线图层和面图层。 如下图2,可以选择出来与P多边形共线的R邻接多边形。

  Q邻接可以通过ArcMapSelect by Location 中的”intersect”, “touch the boundary of”这两种方式选择P的邻接多边形。

       Intersect,如果输入图层与选择图层有交集,则选中。在选择邻接多边形的时候,由于输入图层是我们感兴趣的多边形,同时也是选择图层中的一个多边形(一个子集)。所以他们的交集包括线段、和定点的交。这样就可以查询Q邻接多边形了。如下图3

  Touch the boundary of:如果图层之间的对象要素有边界接触,则选择出来。这里的边界的接触包括共线和共顶点。通过这种方式也可以查询出PQ邻接多边形了。如图4

 

  Select by Location提供了11中选择的空间操作:IntersectAre within a distance of, Completely contain, Are completely within, Have their centroid in, Share a line segment with, Touch the boundary of, Are identical to, Are crossed by the outline of, Contain, Are contained by.

       点与点:IntersectAre within a distance ofHave their center inAre identical toContainAre contained by

       点与线:IntersectAre within a distance ofHave their center inContainAre contained by

       点与面:IntersectAre within a distance ofCompletely containAre completely withinHave their center inContainAre contained by

       线与线:IntersectAre within a distance ofHave their center inShare a line segment withTouch the boundary ofAre identical toAre crossed by the outline ofContainAre contained by

       线与面:IntersectAre within a distance ofCompletely containAre completely withinHave their center inShare a line segment withTouch the boundary ofAre crossed by the outline ofContainAre contained by

       面与面:IntersectAre within a distance ofCompletely containAre completely withinHave their center inShare a line segment withTouch the boundary ofAre identical toAre crossed by the outline ofContainAre contained by

  11中关系的详细介绍:http://webhelp.esri.com/arcgisdesktop/9.3/index.cfm?id=251&pid=247&topicname=Using_Select_By_Location

       案例2:分析邻接多边形          

 

 

 

posted @ 2009-10-18 10:56  Vincent Chou  阅读(11903)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报