Marine pollution

Brief introduction of marine pollution

• Since ancient times, human beings have regarded the ocean as a place where garbage can be discharged, because the ocean is huge and it is a gathering place for rivers. However, with the development of science and technology in recent decades, human beings have become more and more capable of transforming nature, which has hit the marine ecological environment hard, which has exceeded the tolerance of the ocean, and the marine environment has been destroyed, resulting in many marine problems, such as the sharp decline of marine life, and some marine life, even on the verge of extinction. Here are two pictures that can give you an idea of marine pollution.

   

Definition of marine pollution

• Marine pollution usually refers to the fact that human beings have changed the original state of the ocean, so that the marine ecosystem is destroyed, and the pollution caused by harmful substances entering the marine environment will damage biological resources, endanger human health, hinder fishing and other human activities at sea, and damage the quality of seawater and environment. The ocean has a vast area and huge water storage capacity, so it has long been the most stable ecosystem on the earth.All kinds of substances that flow into the ocean from land are accepted by the ocean, but the ocean itself has not changed significantly. However, in recent decades, with the development of world industry, marine pollution has become increasingly serious, which has caused great changes in the local sea environment and has a tendency to continue to expand.

Causes of marine pollution

The causes of marine pollution are various, including natural factors and man-made factors. The main reasons can be divided into the following points. And here is a picture to show these causes more clearly.

• Land-based pollution. Rivers and other ways to enter the ocean. Chemical pesticides are applied to coastal farmland, and garbage and wastes are abandoned and piled up on the beach, which causes pollution damage to the environment.
• Ocean-based polution. This means that a large amount of oily sewage discharged by a large number of ships sailing through China. The marine environment is damaged by ship grounding, collision, oil blowout and oil pipeline leakage, and marine engineering construction destroys the marine ecological balance and coastal landscape.

   

• Ship pollution. This mainly refers to the pollution of ships to the surrounding water environment and atmospheric environment in the process of sailing, berthing in ports and loading and unloading goods. The main pollutants include oily sewage, domestic sewage and ship garbage.
• Ocean dumping. Disposal methods of dumping wastes in the ocean to reduce land environmental pollution.
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Consequences of marine pollution

• Marine pollution mainly occurs in bays near the mainland. Due to the dense population and industry, a large amount of wastewater and solid waste are poured into the sea water, and the meandering coast leads to poor water flow exchange, which changes the temperature, PH, salinity, transparency, species and quantity of seawater, which is harmful to the ecological balance of the ocean. Marine pollution is characterized by oil pollution, red tide, accumulation of toxic substances, plastic pollution and nuclear pollution. The pollution situation in Bohai Bay, Yellow Sea, East China Sea and South China Sea in China is also quite serious. Although the concentrations of mercury, cadmium and lead are generally within the allowable range of standards, there are some over-standard areas.Oil and COD have exceeded the standard in various sea areas. Among them, the Bohai Sea, which is the most polluted, has caused the migration of fishing grounds, the death of fish, the flooding of red tides, the abandonment of some beach farms and the loss of some precious marine resources.
• In the process of human production and life, a large number of pollution substances, such as atomic nuclei, constantly enter the ocean through various channels, which will have different degrees of harm to marine living resources, marine development and marine environmental quality, and will eventually harm human beings themselves.

1. Eutrophication of water bodies in local sea areas.
2. From sea area to land area, the biodiversity drops sharply.
3. The toxins produced after the death of marine life poison the human body through the food chain.
4. The destruction of the environmental quality of coastal tourist attractions, losing its due value.

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Measures to prevent and control marine pollution

• Strengthen people's awareness of environmental protection. In the final analysis, the problem of marine pollution is caused by people's unreasonable application of marine resources. Therefore, in order to prevent and control the pollution of marine environment, it is necessary to raise people's awareness of marine environmental protection, so that people can consciously protect the marine environment and reduce acts that damage the marine environment.
• Strengthen supervision and strengthen law enforcement on marine environmental protection. Marine protection needs institutional support, and it is of great significance to establish and improve a long-term management mechanism for marine protection.
• Scientific development of marine resources. Unreasonable exploitation of marine resources is one of the main causes of marine pollution, so governments at all levels should not unilaterally pursue economic development in their work, but should pay attention to environmental benefits and pay attention to the protection of marine resources while developing the economy.