实习小结（二）--- SSM框架搭建
SSM项目框架搭建
前几天做了一个学生信息管理的项目，使用纯控制台输入，查询数据库，将信息在控制台中打印，功能完善得差不多之后，老师让将这个项目移植到Web中，使用Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis将项目做成网页，借此机会熟悉一下SSM框架的搭建流程。
项目的目录结构如下：
SSM框架搭建流程：
1、项目所需要的jar包
图片中的jar包可能一些多于的包，另外在开发中遇到没有导入的包的时候再去下载
2、配置文件
（1）web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <!-- 该监听器监听应用的启动，加载Spring的配置文件，默认加载WEB-INF下的名字为applicationContext.xml文件 并创建Spring容器 --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 告诉ContextLoaderListener下面配置的文件也是需要加载的 --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- 拦截器用于解决post请求中请求参数值可能出现乱码的情况 --> <filter> <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>characterEncoding</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <!-- 配置SpringMVC中的分发控制器DispatcherServlet 默认加载WEB-INF下的springmvc-servlet.xml --> <servlet> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
（2）springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd "> <!-- 让Spring识别注解 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.sysystem.controller"></context:component-scan> <!-- 让SpringMVC识别注解 --> <mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven> <!-- 配置视图解析器 如果是显式转发，则可以不需要视图解析器--> <bean id="resourceViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/> <property name="prefix" value="/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/> </bean> <!-- 配置文件上传解析器 --> <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"/> </beans>
（3）applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd "> <!-- 让Spring识别注解 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.sysystem"></context:component-scan> <!-- 配置数据源,指出连接数据库需要的驱动、url、用户名和密码以及连接池相关信息 --> <bean id="dbcpdataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"> <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/traineeinfo"></property> <property name="username" value="root"></property> <property name="password" value="root"></property> <property name="initialSize" value="20"></property> <property name="maxActive" value="10"></property> <property name="maxIdle" value="3"></property> <property name="minIdle" value="2"></property> </bean> <bean id="SqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/> <property name="dataSource" ref="dbcpdataSource"/> </bean> <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer" > <property name="basePackage" value="com.sysystem.model.dao"/> <property name="sqlSessionFactory" ref="SqlSessionFactory"></property> </bean> </beans>
（4）mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd"> <configuration> <!-- 在配置文件中定义别名，可以在映射文件中使用别名 --> <typeAliases> <package name="com.sysystem.model.entity"/> </typeAliases> <!-- 注册映射文件 --> <mappers> <package name="com.sysystem.model.dao"/> </mappers> </configuration>
3、测试
student.java Student学生类，标准的JavaBean，属性私有，提供setter/getter方法
dao层
IStudentDao.java 数据操作对象接口
package com.sysystem.model.dao; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import com.sysystem.model.entity.Student; public interface IStudentDao { // 获取所有的学生信息 List<Student> getAllStudentWithPage(Map<String,Object> map); // 根据学生id查询学生信息 Student getSingleStudent(int stu_id); // 获得学生表的记录个数 int getStuRows(); // 新增学生信息 boolean addStu(Student stu); // 修改学生信息 boolean updateStu(Student stu); }
IStudentDao.xml 实现对数据库的增删改查操作
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd"> <mapper namespace="com.sysystem.model.dao.IStudentDao"> <select id="getSingleStudent" parameterType="int" resultType="Student"> select stu_name,birthday,sex,school from stu_info where stu_id = #{stu_id} </select> <select id="getStuRows" resultType="int"> select count(1) from (SELECT s.stu_id FROM (stu_info s LEFT JOIN stu_pro_relation spr ON s.stu_id = spr.stu_id) LEFT JOIN project p ON p.pro_id = spr.pro_id) temp </select> <select id="getAllStudentWithPage" parameterType="java.util.Map" resultType="Student"> SELECT s.stu_id,s.stu_name,CEIL(DATEDIFF(CURDATE(), s.birthday) / 365.2422) age, s.sex,s.school,p.pro_id,p.pro_name,p.`code` FROM (stu_info s LEFT JOIN stu_pro_relation spr ON s.stu_id = spr.stu_id) LEFT JOIN project p ON p.pro_id = spr.pro_id LIMIT #{pageStart},#{pageSize} </select> <insert id="addStu" parameterType="Student"> insert into stu_info (stu_name,birthday,sex,school) values (#{stu_name},#{birthday},#{sex},#{school}) </insert> <update id="updateStu" parameterType="Student"> update stu_info set stu_name = #{stu_name},birthday = #{birthday},sex = #{sex},school = #{school} where stu_id = #{stu_id} </update> </mapper>
service层
IStudentService.java
package com.sysystem.model.service; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import com.sysystem.model.entity.Student; public interface IStudentService { // 获取所有的学生信息 List<Student> getAllStudentWithPage(Map<String,Object> map); // 根据学生id查询学生信息 Student getSingleStudent(int stu_id); // 获得学生表的记录个数 int getStuRows(); // 新增学生信息 boolean addStu(Student stu); // 修改学生信息 boolean updateStu(Student stu); }
StudentServiceImpl.java 通过Dao获取对象，然后进行业务逻辑实现
package com.sysystem.model.service.impl; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import javax.annotation.Resource; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.sysystem.model.dao.IStudentDao; import com.sysystem.model.entity.Student; import com.sysystem.model.service.IStudentService; @Service("stuService") public class StudentServiceImpl implements IStudentService { @Resource private IStudentDao stuDao; @Override public Student getSingleStudent(int stu_id) { return stuDao.getSingleStudent(stu_id); } @Override public int getStuRows() { return stuDao.getStuRows(); } @Override public List<Student> getAllStudentWithPage(Map<String,Object> map) { return stuDao.getAllStudentWithPage(map); } @Override public boolean addStu(Student stu) { return stuDao.addStu(stu); } @Override public boolean updateStu(Student stu) { return stuDao.updateStu(stu); } }
控制层Controller
BaseController.java
package com.sysystem.controller; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.PrintWriter; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import com.google.gson.Gson; public class BaseController { /** * 向响应的输出流写文本数据 * @param response 响应 * @param str 文本数据 */ public void writeToRes (HttpServletResponse response, String str){ // 设置输出的字符集 response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); // 定义输出流对象 PrintWriter out = null; try { out = response.getWriter(); out.print(str); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { out.close(); } } /** * 向响应的输出流写json数据 * @param response 响应 * @param obj json数据 */ public void writeToRes (HttpServletResponse response, Object obj){ response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); PrintWriter out = null; try { out = response.getWriter(); String json = new Gson().toJson(obj); out.print(json); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { out.close(); } } }
StudentController.java
package com.sysystem.controller; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import javax.annotation.Resource; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import com.sysystem.model.entity.Student; import com.sysystem.model.service.IStudentService; import com.sysystem.model.util.ChangeDate; import com.sysystem.model.util.Page; @Controller @RequestMapping("/student") public class StudentController extends BaseController{ @Resource private IStudentService studentService; /** * 根据学生的id获取学生信息 * @param request 请求 * @param response 响应 * @param stu_id 学生id * @return 指定页面前缀 * @throws Exception */ @RequestMapping("/getSingleStudent") public String getSingleStudent(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response, int stu_id) throws Exception { Student student = studentService.getSingleStudent(stu_id); // 将CST类型的时间转换为字符串 String date = ChangeDate.cst2String(student.getBirthday()); request.setAttribute("date", date); request.setAttribute("stu", student); return "updateStu"; } /** * 分页获得学生的记录信息 * @param request 请求 * @param response 响应 * @param curpage 当前页 * @return 指定页面的前缀 * @throws Exception */ @RequestMapping("/getAllStudentWithPage") public String getAllStudentWithPage(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,int curpage) throws Exception { // 定义每页记录个数 int pageSize = 3; // 获得总记录个数 int total = studentService.getStuRows(); // 创建Page对象 Page page = new Page(curpage, pageSize, total); // 获得总页数 int totalpage = page.gettotalpage(); // 得到真实的当前页 curpage = page.getcurpage(); // 得到Limit的第一个参数 int pageStart = page.getStart(); // 将参数存放在map集合中（MyBatis中传递多个参数使用的方法） Map<String,Object> map = new HashMap<String,Object>(); map.put("pageStart", pageStart); map.put("pageSize", pageSize); // 获得查询到的记录集合 List<Student> stulist = studentService.getAllStudentWithPage(map); // 将集合，当前页，总页数存放在request中 request.setAttribute("stulist", stulist); request.setAttribute("curpage", curpage); request.setAttribute("totalpage", totalpage); return "allStu"; } @RequestMapping("/addStu") public String addStu(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,Student stu) throws Exception { boolean flag = studentService.addStu(stu); if (flag) { return "index"; }else{ return null; } } @RequestMapping("/updateStu") public void updateStu(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,Student stu) throws Exception { boolean flag = studentService.updateStu(stu); if (flag) { writeToRes(response, "1"); }else{ writeToRes(response, "0"); } } }
工具类
ChangeDate.java
package com.sysystem.model.util; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.ParseException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.Locale; public class ChangeDate { /** * 将java.util包下的Date对象转为java.sql包下的date * @param date java.util.Date * @return java.sql.Date */ public static java.sql.Date utilDateToSqlDate(Date date) { // 获取了毫秒值ֵ long millisTime = date.getTime(); // 根据毫秒值来获取java.sql包下的Date对象 java.sql.Date pubTime = new java.sql.Date(millisTime); return pubTime; } /** * 将字符串转换成Date类型 * @param time String类型的时间字符串 * @return Date */ public static Date strDate(String time) { Date date = null; DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); try { date = df.parse(time); } catch (ParseException e) { System.out.println("日期格式输入不正确 "); } return date; } /** * 将CST格式的日期转换为String字符串 * @param date 日期 * @return 字符串 */ public static String cst2String(Date date){ String datestr = date.toString(); SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss zzz yyyy", Locale.US); Date d =null; try { d = sdf.parse(datestr); } catch (ParseException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } String formatDate = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(d); return formatDate; } }
Page.java 进行分页的方法
package com.sysystem.model.util; public class Page { // 当前页 private int curpage; // 每页记录个数 private int pageSize; // 总记录数 private int total; public Page(int curpage, int pageSize, int total) { this.curpage = curpage; this.pageSize = pageSize; this.total = total; } public Page() { } /** * 获得总页数的方法 * * @return 总页数 */ public int gettotalpage() { int totalpage = 0; // 记录总页数分别对每页记录个数进行除法和取余 int m = total / pageSize; int n = total % pageSize; // 当结果存在余数时则进行+1 totalpage = (n == 0) ? m : m + 1; return totalpage; } /** * 获得当前页的方法 * * @return 当前页 */ public int getcurpage() { // 获得总页数 int totalpage = gettotalpage(); // 当当前页小于1时重置为1 if (curpage < 1) { curpage = 1; } // 当当前页大于总页数时重置为总页数 if (curpage > totalpage) { curpage = totalpage; } return curpage; } /** * 获得LIMIT的第一个参数的方法 * * @return 返回第一个参数 */ public int getStart() { // 获得总页数 int curpage = getcurpage(); int pageStart = (curpage - 1) * pageSize; return pageStart; } }
allStu.jsp
<body> <h1 align="center" >学生信息表</h1> <table width="100%" height="30%" border="1" > <tr> <td>学生姓名</td> <td>年龄</td> <td>性别</td> <td>学校</td> <td>项目名</td> <td>代码量</td> </tr> <c:forEach var="stu" items="${stulist }"> <tr> <td>${stu.stu_name }</td> <td>${stu.age }</td> <td>${stu.sex }</td> <td>${stu.school }</td> <td>${stu.pro_name }</td> <td>${stu.code }</td> </tr> </c:forEach> </table> <a href="<%=path %>/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=1">首页</a> <a href="<%=path %>/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=${curpage-1 }">上一页</a> <a href="<%=path %>/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=${curpage+1 }">下一页</a> <a href="<%=path %>/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=${totalpage }">尾页</a> </body>
在浏览器地址栏输入：
http://localhost:8080/studentManager/student/getAllStudentWithPage.do?curpage=0
