MyBatis学习(二)---数据表之间关联

想要了解MyBatis基础的朋友可以通过传送门:

  MyBatis学习(一)---配置文件,Mapper接口和动态SQL http://www.cnblogs.com/ghq120/p/8322302.html

  本文主要介绍了用MyBatis实现数据表之间的各种关系,例如一对多,多对一,一对一和多对多。

一对多和多对一

本项目的例子为公司的部门和员工之间的关系,即一个部门对应多个员工,反过来多个员工对应一个部门即为多对一。

项目的目录为

本项目依旧使用Oracle数据库,对应的表为employee和department

employee表的列

department

 

表对应的实体类分别为

Employee.java

package com.ghq.model.entity;

public class Employee {
    private Integer id;
    private String empName;
    private Department dept;
    public Employee(Integer id, String empName, Department dept) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.empName = empName;
        this.dept = dept;
    }
    public Employee(String empName, Department dept) {
        super();
        this.empName = empName;
        this.dept = dept;
    }
    public Employee() {
        
    }
    //此处省略setter/getter方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Employee [id=" + id + ", empName=" + empName + ", dept=" + dept
                + "]";
    }
    
}

 

Department.java

package com.ghq.model.entity;

import java.util.List;

public class Department {
    private Integer id;
    private String deptname;
    //部门下所有员工
    private List<Employee> emps;
    public Department(Integer id, String deptname, List<Employee> emps) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.deptname = deptname;
        this.emps = emps;
    }
    public Department(String deptname, List<Employee> emps) {
        super();
        this.deptname = deptname;
        this.emps = emps;
    }
    public Department() {
        
    }
    //此处省略setter/getter方法
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Department [id=" + id + ", deptname=" + deptname + ", emps="
                + emps + "]";
    }
    
}

 

配置文件仍为mybatis-config.xml,其中定义了别名,指定了连接池和注册映射文件。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <!-- 加载db.properties文件 -->
    <properties resource="db.properties"></properties>
    
    <!-- 在配置文件中定义别名,可以在映射文件中使用别名 -->
    <typeAliases>
        <!-- 为该包下的实体类定义别名 -->
        <package name="com.ghq.model.entity"/>
    </typeAliases>
    
    <!-- 指定了默认的环境为development -->
  <environments default="development">
      <!-- 指出了环境的唯一标识 -->
    <environment id="development">
        <!-- 指出了事务管理器 -->
      <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
      <!-- 指出了连接池,并指出了连接数据库的驱动,url,用户名,密码 -->
      <dataSource type="POOLED">
        <property name="driver" value="${db.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${db.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${db.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${db.password}"/>
      </dataSource>
    </environment>
  </environments>
  <!-- 注册映射文件 -->
  <mappers>
    <package name="com.ghq.model.dao"/>
  </mappers>
</configuration>

 

db.properties文件中

db.driver=oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver
db.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl
db.username=scott
db.password=itcast

 

工具类下MybatisDb.java获取获取SqlSessionFactory以及SqlSession的对象,SqlSession中具有对数据表增删改查的方法

package com.ghq.model.utils;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

public class MybatisDb {
    private static String config = "mybatis-config.xml";
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFac;
    
    static{
        try {
            //读取配置文件
            InputStream inputstream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(config);
            //获取SqlSessionFactory对象
            sqlSessionFac = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputstream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    //获取SqlSession对象,并且开启了事务
    public static SqlSession getSession(){
        return sqlSessionFac.openSession();
    }
    
}

 

dao组件

DeptDao主要是获取指定部门下的员工信息

public interface DeptDao {
    //获取部门下员工信息(部门信息和员工信息)
    public List<Department> getDeptEmployee();
}

 

EmpDao是获取每个员工的部门信息

public interface EmpDao {
    //获取每个员工的部门信息
    public List<Employee> getEmployeeDept();
}

 

  Department中获取所有的员工的属性时集合类型的,在配置文件中使用的元素是<collection>,该元素必须添加property和ofType属性, property指出集合属性名,ofType指出集合元素的类型

  Employee中员工对应的部门信息是实体类类型,在配置文件中使用<association>元素,该元素必须指定property和javaType,property指出的是实体的属性名,javaType指出了该属性的类型

DeptDao的配置文件为DeptDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.ghq.model.dao.DeptDao">
  <resultMap type="Department" id="deptMap">
    <id column="did" property="id"/>
    <result column="deptname" property="deptname"/>
    
    <!-- 映射集合使用的元素是Collection,该元素必须添加property和ofType属性,
    property指出集合属性名,ofType指出集合元素的类型 -->
    <collection property="emps" ofType="Employee">
      <id column="eid" property="id"/>
      <result column="empname" property="empName"/>
    </collection>
  </resultMap>

    <select id="getDeptEmployee" resultMap="deptMap">
       SELECT d.id did, d.deptname, e.id eid, e.empname
    FROM department d LEFT JOIN employee e
    ON d.id = e.deptid
    </select>

</mapper>

 

EmpDao的配置文件为EmpDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.ghq.model.dao.EmpDao">

  <!-- 用于完成查询出的列名和相应实体属性的映射 -->
  <resultMap type="Employee" id="empMap">
    <!-- 用于映射主键列 -->
    <id column="eid" property="id"/>
    <!-- 用于映射普通列 -->
    <result column="empname" property="empName"/>
    
    <!-- association元素必须指定property和javaType,property指出的是实体的属性名,javaType指出了该属性的类型 -->
    <association property="dept" javaType="Department">
      <id column="did" property="id"/>
      <result column="deptname" property="deptname"/>
    </association>
  </resultMap>
  
  <!-- 查询出的列名和实体的属性名不一致,所以应该使用resultMap -->
    <select id="getEmployeeDept" resultMap="empMap">
       SELECT e.id eid, e.empname, d.id did, d.deptname  
    FROM employee e LEFT JOIN department d     
    ON d.id = e.deptid
    </select>

</mapper>

 

使用单元测试

public class testmybatis {

    //此方法对应DeptDao,为测试获取部门下所有员工的方法
@Test
    public void testgetDeptEmployee(){
        SqlSession session = MybatisDb.getSession();
        DeptDao deptDao = session.getMapper(DeptDao.class);
        List<Department> depts = deptDao.getDeptEmployee();
        session.close();
        if (depts != null && depts.size() > 0) {
            for (Department d : depts) {
                List<Employee> emps = d.getEmps();
                if (emps !=null && emps.size() > 0) {
                    for (Employee e : emps) {
                        System.out.println(d.getId()+" "+d.getDeptname()+" "+e.getId()+" "+e.getEmpName());
                    }
                } else{
                    System.out.println(d.getId()+" "+d.getDeptname()+" "+null+" "+null);
                }
            }
        }else {
            System.out.println("沒有部门");
        }
        
    }
}

 

//此方法对应EmpDao,为测试员工对应部门的方法
    @Test
    public void testgetEmployeeDept(){
        SqlSession session = MybatisDb.getSession();
        EmpDao empDao = session.getMapper(EmpDao.class);
        List<Employee> emps = empDao.getEmployeeDept();
        session.close();
        if (emps != null && emps.size() > 0) {
            for (Employee e : emps) {
                if (e.getDept() == null) {
                    System.out.println(e.getId()+" "+e.getEmpName()+" "+"没有部门");
                }else{
                    System.out.println(e.getId()+" "+e.getEmpName()+" "+e.getDept().getId()+" "+e.getDept().getDeptname());
                }
            }
                
        }
        
    }

 

 一对一

  本项目为公民和身份证之间的关系,即一个公民对应一张身份证

对应的表分别为citi_tb和card_tb

citi_tb

 

card_tb

 

表对应的实体类分别为

Citi.java

package com.ghq.model.entity;

public class Citi {
    private Integer id;
    private String citiName;
    private IdCard card;
    public Citi(Integer id, String citiName, IdCard card) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.citiName = citiName;
        this.card = card;
    }
    public Citi(String citiName, IdCard card) {
        super();
        this.citiName = citiName;
        this.card = card;
    }
    public Citi() {
        
    }
    //此处省略setter/getter方法
} 

 

IdCard.java

package com.ghq.model.entity;

public class IdCard {
    private Integer id;
    private String cardNo;
    private String address;
    private Citi citi;
    public IdCard(Integer id, String cardNo, String address, Citi citi) {
        super();
        this.id = id;
        this.cardNo = cardNo;
        this.address = address;
        this.citi = citi;
    }
    public IdCard(String cardNo, String address, Citi citi) {
        super();
        this.cardNo = cardNo;
        this.address = address;
        this.citi = citi;
    }
    public IdCard() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }
    //此处省略setter/getter方法
}

 

工具类和配置文件都没有发生改变

dao组件中CitiDao

public interface CitiDao {
    //获取每个公民的身份证信息
    public List<Citi> getCitiIdCard();
}

 

CitiDao的配置文件CitiDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.ghq.model.dao.CitiDao">

  <resultMap type="Citi" id="citiMap">
    <id column="citiid" property="id"/>
    <result column="citi_name" property="citiName"/>
    
    <association property="card" javaType="IdCard">
      <id column="cardid" property="id"/>
      <result column="card_no" property="cardNo"/>
      <result column="address" property="address"/>
    </association>
  </resultMap>
  
    <select id="getCitiIdCard" resultMap="citiMap">
       SELECT citi.id citiid, citi.citi_name, card.id cardid, card.card_no, card.address
    FROM citi_tb citi LEFT JOIN card_tb card
    ON citi.id = card.id
    </select>

</mapper>

 

单元测试的方法

public class testmybatis {
    @Test
    public void testgetCitiIdCard(){
        SqlSession session = MybatisDb.getSession();
        CitiDao citiDao = session.getMapper(CitiDao.class);
        List<Citi> citis = citiDao.getCitiIdCard();
        session.close();
        if (citis != null && citis.size() > 0) {
            for (Citi c : citis) {
                System.out.println(c.getId()+" "+c.getCitiName()+" "+c.getCard().getId()+" "+c.getCard().getCardNo()+" "+c.getCard().getAddress());
            }
        } 
    }
}

 

多对多

本项目为学生信息表,选课表,选课成绩表之间的关系,即每一个学生可以选多门课,一门课对应多个学生。

项目的目录结构

Oracle中对应的表为

学生表stu_tbl2

 

课程表cour_tbl2

 

学生选课表stu_cour_tbl2

 

表所对应的实体类为

Stu.java

//学生实体类
public class Stu {
    //标识属性
    private Integer id;
    //学生名
    private String stuName;
    //选修的课程
    private List<StuCource> stuCources;

    //省略有参构造和无参构造函数,setter/getter方法
}

 

Course.java

//课程实体类
public class Cource {
    //标识属性
    private Integer id;
    //课程名字
    private String courceName;
    //对应的选课记录
    private  List<StuCource> stuCources;
    //省略有参构造和无参构造函数,setter/getter方法
}

StuCource.java

//选课实体
public class StuCource {
    //标识属性
    private Integer id;
    //对应的学生
    private Stu stu;
    //对应的课程
    private Cource cource;
    //对应的成绩
    private double score;
    //省略有参构造和无参构造函数,setter/getter方法
}

 

dao组件中

public interface StuDao {
    //获取每个学生选修课程信息以及成绩  包含了学生信息 课程信息 成绩信息
    public List<Stu> getStuCource();
}

 

StuDao的配置文件StuDao.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
  PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
  "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">

<mapper namespace="com.ghq.model.dao.StuDao">

  <resultMap type="Stu" id="stuMap">
    <id column="sid" property="id"/>
    <result column="stu_name" property="stuName"/>
    <collection property="stuCources" ofType="StuCource">
      <id column="scid" property="id"/>
      <result column="score" property="score"/>
      <association property="cource" javaType="Cource">
        <id column="cid" property="id"/>
        <result column="cour_name" property="courceName"/>
      </association>
    </collection>
   
  </resultMap>
  
    <select id="getStuCource" resultMap="stuMap">
        SELECT s.id SID,s.stu_name,c.id cid,c.cour_name,sc.id scid,sc.score
    FROM stu_cour_tbl2 sc,stu_tbl2 s, cour_tbl2 c
    WHERE sc.stu_id(+) = s.id AND sc.cour_id = c.id(+)
    </select>

</mapper>

 

单元测试中的方法

public class testmybatis {
    @Test
    public void testgetStuCource(){
        SqlSession session = MybatisDb.getSession();
        StuDao studao = session.getMapper(StuDao.class);
        List<Stu> stus = studao.getStuCource();
        session.close();
        
        if (stus != null && stus.size() > 0) {
            for (Stu stu : stus) {
                List<StuCource> stuCources = stu.getStuCources();
                if (stuCources !=null && stuCources.size() > 0) {
                    for (StuCource stuCource : stuCources) {
                        System.out.println(stu.getId()+" "+stu.getStuName()+" "+stuCource.getId()+" "+stuCource.getScore()
                                +" "+stuCource.getCource().getId()+" "+stuCource.getCource().getCourceName());
                    }
                    
                }else {
                    System.out.println(stu.getId()+" "+stu.getStuName()+" 该学生没有选课");
                }
            }
        }else {
            System.out.println("没有学生");
        }
        
    }
    
}

 

 

 

posted @ 2018-01-21 13:03  Mipha  阅读(3021)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报