linux编程stat检测文件元数据信息

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#include <stdio.h> #include <stdlib.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <string.h>   #define ERR_EXIT( m ) \         do\         { \                 perror( m ); \                 exit( EXIT_FAILURE ); \         }while( 0 )   #define MAJOR( a ) (int)((unsigned short)a >> 8 ) //获取高8位 #define MINOR( a ) (int)((unsigned short)a & 0xFF ) //获取低8位     //检测文件类型 int filetype( struct stat* st, char* filetype );   //检测文件权限 void fileperm( struct stat* st, char* perm );   int main( int argc, char* argv[] ) {           int ret;         if( argc != 2 ) {                 fprintf( stderr, "usage:%s filename\n", argv[0] );                 exit( EXIT_FAILURE );         }           struct stat st;           ret = stat( argv[1], &st );         if( -1 == ret ) {                 ERR_EXIT( "stat file error" );         }           printf( "文件大小:st_size=%d\n", st.st_size );         printf( "用户id:uid=%d\n", st.st_uid );         printf( "组id:gid=%d\n", st.st_gid );         //printf( "主设备号:major_dev=%d\n", MAJOR( st.st_dev ) );         //printf( "次设备号:minor_dev=%d\n", MINOR( st.st_dev ) );         printf( "i节点:st_ino=%d\n", st.st_ino );           char filetypestr[64] = { 0 };         int ftype = filetype( &st, filetypestr );         if( ftype == 3 || ftype == 5 ) {                 printf( "文件类型:%s\n", filetypestr );                 printf( "主设备号:%d, 次设备号:%d\n", MAJOR( st.st_dev ), MINOR( st.st_dev ) );         }else {                 printf( "文件类型:%s\n", filetypestr );         }           char perm[11];         fileperm( &st, perm );         printf( "文件权限:%o, %s\n", st.st_mode & 07777, perm );           return 0; }     //检测文件类型,设置文件返回1 其他文件返回0 /* S_IFSOCK   0140000   socket S_IFLNK    0120000   symbolic link S_IFREG    0100000   regular file S_IFBLK    0060000   block device S_IFDIR    0040000   directory S_IFCHR    0020000   character device S_IFIFO    0010000   FIFO */ int filetype( struct stat* st, char* filetype ) {           mode_t mode = st->st_mode;         int flag = 0;           char* filetypes[] = {                 "socket",                 "symbolic link",                 "regular file",                 "block device",                 "directory",                 "character device",                 "fifo"         };           switch( mode & S_IFMT ){                 case S_IFSOCK:                         strncpy( filetype, filetypes[0], strlen( filetypes[0] ) );                         flag = 0;                         break;                 case S_IFLNK:                         strncpy( filetype, filetypes[1], strlen( filetypes[1] ) );                         flag = 1;                         break;                 case S_IFREG:                         strncpy( filetype, filetypes[2], strlen( filetypes[2] ) );                         flag = 2;                         break;                 case S_IFBLK:                         strncpy( filetype, filetypes[3], strlen( filetypes[3] ) );                         flag = 3;                         break;                 case S_IFDIR:                         strncpy( filetype, filetypes[4], strlen( filetypes[4] ) );                         flag = 4;                         break;                 case S_IFCHR:                         strncpy( filetype, filetypes[5], strlen( filetypes[5] ) );                         flag = 5;                         break;                 case S_IFIFO:                         strncpy( filetype, filetypes[6], strlen( filetypes[6] ) );                         flag = 6;                         break;         }           return flag; }     //检测文件权限 /*  S_IRWXU    00700     mask for file owner permissions  S_IRUSR    00400     owner has read permission  S_IWUSR    00200     owner has write permission  S_IXUSR    00100     owner has execute permission  S_IRWXG    00070     mask for group permissions  S_IRGRP    00040     group has read permission  S_IWGRP    00020     group has write permission  S_IXGRP    00010     group has execute permission  S_IRWXO    00007     mask for permissions for others (not in group)  S_IROTH    00004     others have read permission  S_IWOTH    00002     others have write permission  S_IXOTH    00001     others have execute permission */ void fileperm( struct stat* st, char* perm ) {           strncpy( perm, "----------", 10 );         perm[0] = '?';         mode_t mode = st->st_mode;           char typestr[64] = { 0 };         char* abbreviation[] = {                 "s", //socket                 "l", //symbolic link                 "-", //regular file                 "b", //block file                 "d", //directory                 "c", //charactor device                 "p"  //fifo         };           int ret = filetype( st, typestr );         strncpy( perm, abbreviation[ret], 1 );           //检测文件所属的用户权限         if( mode & S_IRUSR ){                 perm[1] = 'r';         }         if( mode & S_IWUSR ){                 perm[2] = 'w';         }         if( mode & S_IXUSR ){                 perm[3] = 'x';         }           //检测用户组权限         if( mode & S_IRGRP ){                 perm[4] = 'r';         }         if( mode & S_IWGRP ){                 perm[5] = 'w';         }         if( mode & S_IXGRP ){                 perm[6] = 'x';         }           //检测其他组权限         if( mode & S_IROTH ){                 perm[7] = 'r';         }         if( mode & S_IWOTH ){                 perm[8] = 'w';         }         if( mode & S_IXOTH ){                 perm[9] = 'x';         }         perm[10] = '\0'; }