app.vue

<template>
  <div id="app">
  
     <router-link to="/home">首页</router-link>
     <router-link to="/about">关于</router-link>
      <router-link v-bind:to="'/user/'+userId">用户</router-link>
     <router-view></router-view>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
export default {
  name: 'App',
  data(){
    return{
      userId:'geyao'
    }
  },
  methods:{
    
  }
}
</script>

<style>

</style>

 Home.vue

<template>
<div>
<h2>
我是首页
</h2>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
<router-link to="/home/news">新闻</router-link>
<router-link to="/home/message">新闻</router-link>
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</template>

<script>
export default{
    name:"Home"
}
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

about.vue

<template>
<div>
<h2>
我是about
</h2>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
</div>
</template>

<script>
export default{
    name:"Home"
}
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

User.vue

<template>
<div>
<h2>
我是user
</h2>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
<h2>{{userId}}</h2>

</div>
</template>

<script>
export default{
    name:"User",
    computed:{
        userId(){
             return this.$route.params.userId
        }
      
    }
}
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

HelloWorld.vue

<template>
<div>
<h2>
我是about
</h2>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
<ul>
<li>
1
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</template>

<script>
export default{
    name:"Home"
}
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

index.js

import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import Vue from 'vue'
import Home from '../components/Home'
import About from '../components/About'
import User from '../components/User'
import HomeNew from '../components/HelloWorld'
import HomeMessage from '../components/Hello'
Vue.use(VueRouter)

const routes = [{
            path: '/',
            redirect: '/home'
        }, {
            path: '/home',
            component: Home,
            children: [{
                    path: 'news',
                    component: HomeNew
                },
                {
                    path: 'message',
                    component: HomeMessage
                },
            ]
        },
        {
            path: '/about',
            component: About
        },
        {
            path: '/user/:userId',
            component: User
        },

    ]
    //安装插件
const router = new VueRouter({
    //配置之间的关系
    routes,
    mode: 'history',
    linkActiveClass: 'active'
})

export default router

Hello.vue

<template>
<div>
<h2>
我是about
</h2>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
</div>
</template>

<script>
export default{
    name:"Home"
}
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

profile.vue

<template>
<div>
<h2>
我是pro
</h2>
<p>我是首页内容</p>
<p>{{$route.query.name}}</p>
<p>{{$route.query.age}}</p>

</div>
</template>

<script>
export default{
    name:"Home"
}
</script>

<style scoped>

</style>

运行结果