动词的时态和语态

时态

 

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语态：主动语态、被动语态

被动语态：

表示什么人或东西被怎么样了，结构为：be done
一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done 　　 The toilet is cleaned by Tom
一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done 　　 Tom was criticized by his mother
一般将来时的被动语态：should/will be+done 　　 Tom will be hit by his father
现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are being+done 　　 A dress is being made by Tom now
过去进行时的被动语态：was/were being+done 　　 Tom was being chased by Jerry at 7am yesterday
现在完成时的被动语态：have/has been+done　　 The garden has been watered by Tom
含有情态动词的被动语态：can/may/must be+done 　　The Pacific Ocean can be swum across by Tom. 　　Jerry may be killed by Tom
主语无能型（省略 by）：1. English is spoken in Australia. 2. These books have been sent to Hope Primary School already
3. No notes should be brought to the English exam, boys and girls! 4. The door was opened.
主语有能型：1. The mouse was caught by the cat just now. 2. I was bitten by the dog
表里不一三个代表：make sb do -> be made to do　　 see sb do -> be seen to do 　　hear sb do -> be heard to do
特殊的被动语态：
have sth done　　 1. I will have my hair cut 　　 2. I will have my car washed.
need/want doing 　　 1. My car needs washing. 　　2. Your socks want washing.

2. The professor is translating the famous book now.　　  The famous book is being translated by the professor now.

③The cat will eat the fish 　　The fish will be eaten by the cat.

5. People all over the world know the Great Wall.　　  The Great Wall is known by people all over the world.

7. He was making a cake at this time yesterday.　　  A cake was being made by him at this time yesterday.

8. People usually plant trees in spring.　　  Trees are usually planted by people in spring.

22. –There must be something wrong with the TV. --Yes, this old TV ______　　A. need repairing B. needs repaired C. needs repairing D. needs to repair