csharp: Sound recording

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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using Microsoft.DirectX; using Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound; using System.IO; using System.Threading; using System.Data; using System.Drawing; using System.Windows.Forms;     namespace AudioBaiduDemo {       /// <summary>     /// DirectSound录音     /// http://blog.csdn.net/woaixiaozhe/article/details/7852824/     /// </summary>     public  class SoundRecorder     {             #region 成员数据         private Capture mCapDev = null;              // 音频捕捉设备         private CaptureBuffer mRecBuffer = null;     // 缓冲区对象         private WaveFormat mWavFormat;               // 录音的格式           private int mNextCaptureOffset = 0;         // 该次录音缓冲区的起始点         private int mSampleCount = 0;               // 录制的样本数目           private Notify mNotify = null;               // 消息通知对象         public const int cNotifyNum = 16;           // 通知的个数         private int mNotifySize = 0;                // 每次通知大小         private int mBufferSize = 0;                // 缓冲队列大小         private Thread mNotifyThread = null;                 // 处理缓冲区消息的线程         private AutoResetEvent mNotificationEvent = null;    // 通知事件           private string mFileName = string.Empty;     // 文件保存路径         private FileStream mWaveFile = null;         // 文件流         private BinaryWriter mWriter = null;         // 写文件         #endregion           #region 对外操作函数         /// <summary>         /// 构造函数,设定录音设备,设定录音格式.         /// <summary>         public SoundRecorder()         {             // 初始化音频捕捉设备             InitCaptureDevice();             // 设定录音格式             mWavFormat = CreateWaveFormat();         }           /// <summary>         /// 创建录音格式,此处使用16bit,16KHz,Mono的录音格式         /// <summary>         private WaveFormat CreateWaveFormat()         {             Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.WaveFormat format = new Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.WaveFormat();//.WaveFormat();             format.FormatTag = WaveFormatTag.Pcm;   // PCM             format.SamplesPerSecond = 16000;        // 采样率：16KHz             format.BitsPerSample = 16;              // 采样位数：16Bit             format.Channels = 1;                    // 声道：Mono             format.BlockAlign = (short)(format.Channels * (format.BitsPerSample / 8));  // 单位采样点的字节数             format.AverageBytesPerSecond = format.BlockAlign * format.SamplesPerSecond;             return format;             // 按照以上采样规格，可知采样1秒钟的字节数为 16000*2=32000B 约为31K         }           /// <summary>         /// 设定录音结束后保存的文件,包括路径         /// </summary>         /// <param name="filename">保存wav文件的路径名</param>         public void SetFileName(string filename)         {             mFileName = filename;         }           /// <summary>         /// 开始录音         /// </summary>         public void RecStart()         {             // 创建录音文件             CreateSoundFile();             // 创建一个录音缓冲区，并开始录音             CreateCaptureBuffer();             // 建立通知消息,当缓冲区满的时候处理方法             InitNotifications();             mRecBuffer.Start(true);         }             /// <summary>         /// 停止录音         /// </summary>         public void RecStop()         {             mRecBuffer.Stop();      // 调用缓冲区的停止方法，停止采集声音             if (null != mNotificationEvent)                 mNotificationEvent.Set();       //关闭通知             mNotifyThread.Abort();  //结束线程             RecordCapturedData();   // 将缓冲区最后一部分数据写入到文件中               // 写WAV文件尾             mWriter.Seek(4, SeekOrigin.Begin);             mWriter.Write((int)(mSampleCount + 36));   // 写文件长度             mWriter.Seek(40, SeekOrigin.Begin);             mWriter.Write(mSampleCount);                // 写数据长度               mWriter.Close();             mWaveFile.Close();             mWriter = null;             mWaveFile = null;         }         #endregion         #region 对内操作函数         /// <summary>         /// 初始化录音设备,此处使用主录音设备.         /// </summary>         /// <returns>调用成功返回true,否则返回false</returns>         private bool InitCaptureDevice()         {             // 获取默认音频捕捉设备             CaptureDevicesCollection devices = new CaptureDevicesCollection();  // 枚举音频捕捉设备             Guid deviceGuid = Guid.Empty;               if (devices.Count > 0)                 deviceGuid = devices[0].DriverGuid;             else             {                 MessageBox.Show("系统中没有音频捕捉设备");                 return false;             }               // 用指定的捕捉设备创建Capture对象             try             {                 mCapDev = new Capture(deviceGuid);             }             catch (DirectXException e)             {                 MessageBox.Show(e.ToString());                 return false;             }             return true;         }           /// <summary>         /// 创建录音使用的缓冲区         /// </summary>         private void CreateCaptureBuffer()         {             // 缓冲区的描述对象             Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.CaptureBufferDescription bufferdescription = new Microsoft.DirectX.DirectSound.CaptureBufferDescription();             if (null != mNotify)             {                 mNotify.Dispose();                 mNotify = null;             }             if (null != mRecBuffer)             {                 mRecBuffer.Dispose();                 mRecBuffer = null;             }             // 设定通知的大小,默认为1s钟             mNotifySize = (1024 > mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond / 8) ? 1024 : (mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond / 8);             mNotifySize -= mNotifySize % mWavFormat.BlockAlign;             // 设定缓冲区大小             mBufferSize = mNotifySize * cNotifyNum;             // 创建缓冲区描述             bufferdescription.BufferBytes = mBufferSize;             bufferdescription.Format = mWavFormat;           // 录音格式             // 创建缓冲区             mRecBuffer = new CaptureBuffer(bufferdescription, mCapDev);             mNextCaptureOffset = 0;         }           /// <summary>         /// 初始化通知事件,将原缓冲区分成16个缓冲队列,在每个缓冲队列的结束点设定通知点.         /// </summary>         /// <returns>是否成功</returns>         private bool InitNotifications()         {             if (null == mRecBuffer)             {                 MessageBox.Show("未创建录音缓冲区");                 return false;             }             // 创建一个通知事件,当缓冲队列满了就激发该事件.             mNotificationEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);             // 创建一个线程管理缓冲区事件             if (null == mNotifyThread)             {                 mNotifyThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WaitThread));                 mNotifyThread.Start();             }             // 设定通知的位置             BufferPositionNotify[] PositionNotify = new BufferPositionNotify[cNotifyNum + 1];             for (int i = 0; i < cNotifyNum; i++)             {                 PositionNotify[i].Offset = (mNotifySize * i) + mNotifySize - 1;                 PositionNotify[i].EventNotifyHandle = mNotificationEvent.SafeWaitHandle.DangerousGetHandle();             }             mNotify = new Notify(mRecBuffer);             mNotify.SetNotificationPositions(PositionNotify, cNotifyNum);             return true;         }           /// <summary>         /// 接收缓冲区满消息的处理线程         /// </summary>         private void WaitThread()         {             while (true)             {                 // 等待缓冲区的通知消息                 mNotificationEvent.WaitOne(Timeout.Infinite, true);                 // 录制数据                 RecordCapturedData();             }         }           /// <summary>         /// 将录制的数据写入wav文件         /// </summary>         private void RecordCapturedData()         {             byte[] CaptureData = null;             int ReadPos = 0, CapturePos = 0, LockSize = 0;             mRecBuffer.GetCurrentPosition(out CapturePos, out ReadPos);             LockSize = ReadPos - mNextCaptureOffset;             if (LockSize < 0)       // 因为是循环的使用缓冲区，所以有一种情况下为负：当文以载读指针回到第一个通知点，而Ibuffeoffset还在最后一个通知处                 LockSize += mBufferSize;             LockSize -= (LockSize % mNotifySize);   // 对齐缓冲区边界,实际上由于开始设定完整,这个操作是多余的.             if (0 == LockSize)                 return;               // 读取缓冲区内的数据             CaptureData = (byte[])mRecBuffer.Read(mNextCaptureOffset, typeof(byte), LockFlag.None, LockSize);             // 写入Wav文件             mWriter.Write(CaptureData, 0, CaptureData.Length);             // 更新已经录制的数据长度.             mSampleCount += CaptureData.Length;             // 移动录制数据的起始点,通知消息只负责指示产生消息的位置,并不记录上次录制的位置             mNextCaptureOffset += CaptureData.Length;             mNextCaptureOffset %= mBufferSize; // Circular buffer         }           /// <summary>         /// 创建保存的波形文件,并写入必要的文件头.         /// </summary>         private void CreateSoundFile()         {             // Open up the wave file for writing.             mWaveFile = new FileStream(mFileName, FileMode.Create);             mWriter = new BinaryWriter(mWaveFile);             /**************************************************************************                Here is where the file will be created. A                wave file is a RIFF file, which has chunks                of data that describe what the file contains.                A wave RIFF file is put together like this:                The 12 byte RIFF chunk is constructed like this:                Bytes 0 - 3 :  'R' 'I' 'F' 'F'                Bytes 4 - 7 :  Length of file, minus the first 8 bytes of the RIFF description.                                  (4 bytes for "WAVE" + 24 bytes for format chunk length +                                  8 bytes for data chunk description + actual sample data size.)                 Bytes 8 - 11: 'W' 'A' 'V' 'E'                 The 24 byte FORMAT chunk is constructed like this:                 Bytes 0 - 3 : 'f' 'm' 't' ' '                 Bytes 4 - 7 : The format chunk length. This is always 16.                 Bytes 8 - 9 : File padding. Always 1.                 Bytes 10- 11: Number of channels. Either 1 for mono,  or 2 for stereo.                 Bytes 12- 15: Sample rate.                 Bytes 16- 19: Number of bytes per second.                 Bytes 20- 21: Bytes per sample. 1 for 8 bit mono, 2 for 8 bit stereo or                                 16 bit mono, 4 for 16 bit stereo.                 Bytes 22- 23: Number of bits per sample.                 The DATA chunk is constructed like this:                 Bytes 0 - 3 : 'd' 'a' 't' 'a'                 Bytes 4 - 7 : Length of data, in bytes.                 Bytes 8 -: Actual sample data.               ***************************************************************************/             // Set up file with RIFF chunk info.             char[] ChunkRiff = { 'R', 'I', 'F', 'F' };             char[] ChunkType = { 'W', 'A', 'V', 'E' };             char[] ChunkFmt = { 'f', 'm', 't', ' ' };             char[] ChunkData = { 'd', 'a', 't', 'a' };               short shPad = 1;                // File padding             int nFormatChunkLength = 0x10;  // Format chunk length.             int nLength = 0;                // File length, minus first 8 bytes of RIFF description. This will be filled in later.             short shBytesPerSample = 0;     // Bytes per sample.               // 一个样本点的字节数目             if (8 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 1 == mWavFormat.Channels)                 shBytesPerSample = 1;             else if ((8 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 2 == mWavFormat.Channels) || (16 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 1 == mWavFormat.Channels))                 shBytesPerSample = 2;             else if (16 == mWavFormat.BitsPerSample && 2 == mWavFormat.Channels)                 shBytesPerSample = 4;               // RIFF 块             mWriter.Write(ChunkRiff);             mWriter.Write(nLength);             mWriter.Write(ChunkType);               // WAVE块             mWriter.Write(ChunkFmt);             mWriter.Write(nFormatChunkLength);             mWriter.Write(shPad);             mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.Channels);             mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.SamplesPerSecond);             mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.AverageBytesPerSecond);             mWriter.Write(shBytesPerSample);             mWriter.Write(mWavFormat.BitsPerSample);               // 数据块             mWriter.Write(ChunkData);             mWriter.Write((int)0);   // The sample length will be written in later.         }         #endregion       } }

　　测试：

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/// <summary> /// /// </summary> public partial class Form4 : Form {       private SoundRecorder recorder = null;    // 录音      string wavfile = "";     /// <summary>     ///     /// </summary>     public Form4()     {         InitializeComponent();         recorder = new SoundRecorder();      }     /// <summary>     ///     /// </summary>     /// <param name="sender"></param>     /// <param name="e"></param>     private void Form4_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)     {       }     /// <summary>     /// 录音设置     /// </summary>     /// <param name="sender"></param>     /// <param name="e"></param>     private void button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)     {           string wavfile = null;         wavfile = "test.wav";         recorder.SetFileName(wavfile);         recorder.RecStart();       }     /// <summary>     /// 停止     /// </summary>     /// <param name="sender"></param>     /// <param name="e"></param>     private void button3_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)     {           recorder.RecStop();         recorder = null;       }