python: Parent-child form operations

 

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# encoding: utf-8 # 版權所有 2024 ©塗聚文有限公司 # 許可資訊查看：言語成了邀功的功臣，還需要行爲每日來值班嗎？ # 描述： 主、子表單 窗體傳值  Parent-child form operations # Author    : geovindu,Geovin Du 塗聚文. # IDE       : PyCharm 2023.1 python 3.11 # OS        : windows 10 # Datetime  : 2024/10/24 20:09 # User      : geovindu # Product   : PyCharm # Project   : IctGame # File      : ui/main.py # explain   : 學習   from tkinter import * import tkinter as tk from tkinter import Tk, Menu from tkinter.ttk import * from tkinter.messagebox import showinfo from tkinter.messagebox import askyesno from tkinter.messagebox import askyesnocancel  # https://docs.python.org/3/library/tkinter.messagebox.html import datetime import re import time import ctypes   u32 = ctypes.windll.user32     class MainWindow(tk.Tk):     """     主表單     """       # ts = time.time()       reverseFlag = False       def __init__(self):         """                   """                   super().__init__()         self.title("Main Window")         self.geometry('{}x{}'.format(1350, 900))         self.button = tk.Button(self, text=" Child New Window", command=self.openChildNewWindow)         self.button.pack()         self.btnopen = tk.Button(self, text=" Child Open Window", command=self.openChildOpenWindow)         self.btnopen.pack()         # show a label         self.ts = time.time()  # 放在這裡更新         self.st = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(self.ts).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')         self.label = tk.Label(self, text=self.st)         self.label.pack(ipadx=10, ipady=10)         self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.closeWindows)  # 關閉視窗時調用closeWindows方法         # create a menubar         self.menubar = Menu()         self.config(menu=self.menubar)           # create the file_menu         self.fileMenu = Menu(             self.menubar,             tearoff=0         )           # add menu items to the File menu         self.fileMenu.add_command(label='New', command=self.openChildNewWindow)         self.fileMenu.add_command(label='Open...', command=self.openChildOpenWindow)         self.fileMenu.add_command(label='Close')         self.fileMenu.add_separator()           # add a submenu         self.subMenu = Menu(self.fileMenu, tearoff=0)         self.subMenu.add_command(label='Keyboard Shortcuts')         self.subMenu.add_command(label='Color Themes')           # add the File menu to the menubar         self.fileMenu.add_cascade(             label="Preferences",             menu=self.subMenu         )           # add Exit menu item         self.fileMenu.add_separator()         self.fileMenu.add_command(             label='Exit',             command=self.destroy         )           self.menubar.add_cascade(             label="File",             menu=self.fileMenu,             underline=0         )         # create the Help menu         self.helpMenu = Menu(             self.menubar,             tearoff=0         )           self.helpMenu.add_command(label='Welcome')         self.helpMenu.add_command(label='About...')           # add the Help menu to the menubar         self.menubar.add_cascade(             label="Help",             menu=self.helpMenu,             underline=0         )         # self.after(1000,goWindows)         # self.stateCity = {"江西":"南昌","西藏":"拉薩",         # "新疆":"烏魯木齊","寧夏":"銀川",         # "江蘇":"南京","山東":"青島",         # "廣東":"廣州","福建":"福州","山東":"濟南","安徽":"合肥",         # "湖北":"武漢","湖南":"長沙",         # "陝西":"西安","貴州":"貴陽",         # "四川":"成都","青海":"銀川","甘肅":"蘭州",         # "內蒙古":"呼爾浩特","遼寧":"瀋陽",         # "吉林":"長春","黑龍江":"哈爾濱","廣西":"南寧",         # "雲南":"昆明","山西":"太原","浙江":"杭州",         # "台灣":"臺北","河北":"石傢莊","河南":"鄭州","北京":"朝陽",         # "上海":"閔行","天津":"濱海","重慶":"解放碑"}           self.stuData = [[1, 'geovindu', '0002', '2008-01-03', 16], [2, 'jason', '0001', '2007-02-13', 13],                         [3, 'ada', '0003', '2008-02-14', 11]             , [4, 'link', '0004', '2007-03-14', 10], [5, 'dus', '0005', '2007-02-12', 10],                         [6, 'bike', '0006', '2007-02-14', 17]             , [7, 'eson', '0007', '2007-04-14', 17], [8, 'fok', '0008', '2007-02-11', 17],                         [9, 'hosrse', '0009', '2006-02-14', 10]             , [10, 'ken', '0011', '2007-05-14', 12], [11, 'red', '0021', '2007-02-10', 12],                         [12, 'mike', '0031', '2005-02-14', 13]             , [13, 'nike', '0012', '2007-06-14', 27], [14, 'queen', '0022', '2007-02-24', 15],                         [15, 'pen', '0023', '2004-02-14', 12]             , [16, 'yelu', '0033', '2007-07-14', 22], [17, 'zoon', '0043', '2007-02-23', 14],                         [18, 'work', '0051', '2003-02-14', 16]             , [19, 'ven', '0061', '2007-08-14', 13], [20, 'tesk', '0071', '2007-02-22', 11],                         [21, 'ilove', '0081', '2002-02-14', 15]             , [22, 'open', '0091', '2007-09-14', 14], [23, 'seeek', '0092', '2007-02-21', 18],                         [24, 'uluko', '0028', '2009-02-14', 19]             , [25, 'xero', '0101', '2007-10-14', 11], [26, 'xoo', '0201', '2007-02-20', 16],                         [27, 'yyeluey', '0301', '2017-02-14', 21]             , [28, 'shenzhen', '0401', '2007-12-14', 10], [29, 'guanzhou', '0501', '2007-02-19', 19],                         [30, 'beiking', '0601', '2014-02-14', 20]             , [31, 'qinhua', '0701', '2007-11-14', 16], [32, 'nanchang', '0001', '2007-02-18', 20],                         [33, 'jian', '0801', '2015-02-14', 14]                         ]         # 建立Treeview         self.tree = Treeview(self,style='success.Treeview',height=50,show='headings')  #, columns=("StudentId", "StudentName", "StudentNO", "StudentBirthday", "Age")         """         定義捲軸控制項         orient為捲軸的方向，vertical--縱向，horizontal--橫向         command=self.tree.yview 將捲軸綁定到treeview控制項的Y軸         """         '''消除第一行空列'''         #self.tree['show'] = 'headings'         self.tree.pack()         # 1         # self.yscrollbar = Scrollbar(self, orient='vertical', command=self.tree.yview)         # self.yscrollbar.place(relx=0.971, rely=0.028, relwidth=0.024, relheight=0.958)           # 2         self.yscrollbar = Scrollbar(self)         self.yscrollbar.pack(side=RIGHT, fill=Y)         self.yscrollbar.config(command=self.tree.yview)         self.tree.configure(yscrollcommand=self.yscrollbar.set)                   self.headtext=['序號','姓名','學號','出生日期','年齡']                   # 定義列         self.tree['columns']=("StudentId","StudentName","StudentNO","StudentBirthday","Age")                   # 設置列屬性，列不顯示         """         self.tree.column("StudentId", width=150, minwidth=100, anchor=S)         self.tree.column("StudentName", width=150, minwidth=100, anchor=S)         self.tree.column("StudentNO", width=150, minwidth=100, anchor=S)         self.tree.column("StudentBirthday", width=150, minwidth=100, anchor=S)         self.tree.column("Age", width=150, minwidth=100, anchor=S)         # 設置表頭         self.tree.heading("StudentId", text="序號", command=lambda c="StudentId": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))         self.tree.heading("StudentName", text="姓名", command=lambda c="StudentName": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))         self.tree.heading("StudentNO", text="學號", command=lambda c="StudentNO": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))         self.tree.heading("StudentBirthday", text="出生日期",                           command=lambda c="StudentBirthday": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))         self.tree.heading("Age", text="年齡", command=lambda c="Age": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))         """         k=0         for column in self.tree['column']:             self.tree.column(column, width=150, minwidth=100, anchor=S)              self.tree.heading(column, text=self.headtext[k], command=lambda c=column: self.treeviewSortColumn(c))             k=k+1                                           # 建立欄標題         # self.tree.heading("#0",text="StudentId",command=lambda c="StudentId": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))     # 圖示欄位元icon column         # self.tree.heading("#1",text="StudentName",command=lambda c="StudentName": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))         # self.tree.heading("#2",text="StudentNO",command=lambda c="StudentNO": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))         # self.tree.heading("#3",text="StudentBirthday",command=lambda c="StudentBirthday": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))         # self.tree.heading("#4",text="Age",command=lambda c="Age": self.treeviewSortColumn(c))           i = 0         # 建立內容 多一個空列         for StudentId, StudentName, StudentNO, StudentBirthday, Age in self.stuData:             # self.tree.insert("",index=END,text=state,values=self.stateCity[state])             self.tree.insert("", index=END,text=StudentId,values=(StudentId, StudentName, StudentNO, StudentBirthday, Age))             i = i + 1         self.tree.bind("<Double-1>", self.doubleClick)  # 連按2下綁定doubleClick方法                     style = Style()         style.map("Treeview", foreground=self.fixedMap("foreground"),         background=self.fixedMap("background"))                     #定義背景色風格         self.tree.tag_configure('even', background='lightblue') # even標籤設定為淺藍色背景顏色                   self.treeColor()               def fixedMap(self,option):         """                   :return         """         style = Style()         return [elm for elm in style.map("Treeview", query_opt=option)            if elm[:2] != ("!disabled", "!selected")]             def treeColor(self):         """         表格欄隔行顯示不同顏色函數         :return         """         self.items=self.tree.get_children() # 得到根目錄所有行的iid         i=0 # 初值         for hiid in self.items:             if i/2!=int(i/2): # 判斷奇偶                 tag1='' # 奇數行             else:                 tag1='even' # 偶數行             self.tree.item(hiid,tag=tag1) # 偶數行設為淺藍色的tag='even'             i+=1 # 累加1                def openChildNewWindow(self):         """                   :return:         """         subwindow = ChildNewWindow(self)         self.update()  # 刷新主窗口       def openChildOpenWindow(self):         #data = [35, '塗聚文', '0801', '2015-02-14', 14]         try:             strtreeitem = self.tree.selection()[0]    # iid             if strtreeitem is not None:                 values = self.tree.item(strtreeitem, option='values')  # 取值                 print(values)                 data = [values[0], values[1], values[2], values[3], values[4]]                 subwindow = ChildOpenWindow(self, data)                 self.update()  # 刷新主窗口             else:                 pass         except Exception as ex:             showinfo("提示", "請選定一行記錄！")                 def closeWindows(self):         """         close         :return         """         msgbye()         self.destroy()  # 關閉       def goWindows(self):         """                   :return:         """           # ChildBack=u32.GetParent(ChildNewWindow(self).winfo_id())         MainBack = u32.GetParent(self.winfo_id())         u32.SetParent(MainBack, self.winfo_id())         # u32.SetParent(ChildBack,self.winfo_id())       def doubleClick(self, event):         """         雙擊事件 StudentId, StudentName, StudentNO, StudentBirthday, Age         :param event         :return:         """         e = event.widget  # 取得事件控制項         iid = e.identify("item", event.x, event.y)  # 取得連按2下專案id         StudentId = e.item(iid, "text")  # 取得StudentId         StudentName = e.item(iid, "values")[1]  # 取得StudentName         StudentNO = e.item(iid, "values")[2]         StudentBirthday= e.item(iid, "values")[3]         Age= e.item(iid, "values")[4]         str = "{0} : {1}".format(StudentId, StudentName)  # 格式化         data = [StudentId, StudentName,StudentNO,StudentBirthday,Age]         # messagebox.showinfo("Double Clicked",str)   # 輸出         child = ChildOpenWindow(self, data)         self.update()       def isNumber(self, tel: str) -> bool:         """         驗證是數字的         :param tel         :return         """         try:             pattern = r'^\d+$'  # 匹配8位元數字 {8}             if re.match(pattern, tel):                 # print("電話號碼有效！")                 return True             else:                 # print("電話號碼無效！")                 return False         except (ValueError, IndexError, EnvironmentError):             return False         except Exception as ex:             print(ex)             return False       def treeviewSortColumn(self, col):         """         字母可以排序，數字排序，其它類型冇考慮，自己再寫         :param col:  列名         :return:         """                             global reverseFlag  # 定義排序旗標全域變數 可以判斷字元類型進行排序         lst = [(self.tree.set(st, col), st)                for st in self.tree.get_children("")]         # print(lst)        # 列印列表         if type(lst[0]) == int:             lst.sort(key=lambda lst: int(lst[0]), reverse=self.reverseFlag)  # 排序列表         else:             lst.sort(key=lambda lst: lst[0], reverse=self.reverseFlag)         print(lst)  # 列印列表         newdata = []         for num, ids in lst:             if self.isNumber(num):  # 考慮字串類型                 print(int(num), ids)                 newdata.append((int(num), ids))             else:                 print(num, ids)                 newdata.append((num, ids))         newdata.sort(key=lambda newdata: newdata[0], reverse=self.reverseFlag)           for index, item in enumerate(newdata):  # 重新移動專案內容 以字元排序             self.tree.move(item[1], "", index)             print(index, item[0])         self.reverseFlag = not self.reverseFlag  # 更改排序旗標         def __delattr__(self):         """                   :return:         """         print('del1')       def __del__(self):         """                   :return:         """         print('del2')  # 需要消     def msg():     """           :return:     """     showinfo("Notebook", "welcome GeovinDu's Notebook")     def msgbye():     """           :return:     """           showinfo("ByeBye", "welcome GeovinDu's Notebook,bye!")     class ChildNewWindow(tk.Toplevel):     """     子表單     """       def __init__(self, master):         """                   :param master:         """         super().__init__(master)         # self._data=data         self.title("Child Window")         self.geometry('{}x{}'.format(850, 900))         self.label = tk.Label(self, text="Child Window")         self.label.pack()         self.attributes('-topmost', 'true')  # 表單最上層         self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.closeWindows)  # 關閉視窗時調用closeWindows方法       def closeWindows(self):         """         close         :return         """         self.destroy()  # 關閉         self.master.destroy()  # 關閉主視窗，不關閉，還是原有畫布的資料，不更新資料，如何想一個更好的方法封裝？           msg()         main = MainWindow()  # 重新載入表單 更新表單資料         main.attributes('-topmost', 'true')  # 表單最上層         main.mainloop()         self.master.update()     class ChildOpenWindow(tk.Toplevel):     """     子表單     """       def __init__(self, master, data):         """                   :param master:         :param data:                   """         super().__init__(master)         self.master = master         self._data = data         self.title("Open Window")         self.geometry('{}x{}'.format(850, 900))         self.label = tk.Label(self, text="Open Window, Geovin Du like you.")         # self.Toplevel(self.master)         self.label.pack()         self.attributes('-topmost', 'true')  # 表單最上層                self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.closeWindows)  # 關閉視窗時調用closeWindows方法         # StudentId, StudentName, StudentNO, StudentBirthday, Age         self.StudentId = tk.Label(self, text=f'id:{self._data[0]}')         self.StudentId.pack()         self.StudentName = tk.Label(self, text=f'Name:{self._data[1]}')         self.StudentName.pack()         self.StudentNO = tk.Label(self, text=f'NO:{self._data[2]}')         self.StudentNO.pack()         self.StudentBirthday = tk.Label(self, text=f'Birthday:{self._data[3]}')         self.StudentBirthday.pack()         self.Age = tk.Label(self, text=f'Age:{self._data[4]}')         self.Age.pack()                 def closeWindows(self):         """         close         :return         """         self.destroy()  # 關閉現窗口         self.master.destroy()  # 關閉主視窗 不關閉，還是原有畫布的資料，不更新資料，如何想一個更好的方法封裝？                msg()         main = MainWindow()  # 重新載入表單 更新表單資料         main.attributes('-topmost', 'true')  # 表單最上層         main.mainloop()         self.master.update()               if __name__=="__main__":     """     main output           """     mainwindow = MainWindow()          #mainwindow.after(1000,mainwindow.goWindows())     mainwindow.mainloop()