rest-framework总结
1. CBV:
pass
2 .APIView
class BookView（APIView）：pass url(r'^books/$', views.BookView.as_view(),name="books"), url(r'^books/$', View类下的view,name="books"), 一旦访问books/: view(request)======APIView类下的dispatch()====请求方式对应的示例方法()
3 def dispatch()：
#一 初始化操作 # (1) 构建新的request: self.request=self.initial_request() # self.request._request # self.request.GET # self.request.data # (2) 执行组件 # 认证，权限，频率 # 认证：request.user self.initial(request, *args, **kwargs) ==== # 认证组件 self.perform_authentication(request) ==== request.user ===== for authenticator in self.authenticators: # [TokenAuth(),] try: user_auth_tuple = authenticator.authenticate(self) except exceptions.APIException: self._not_authenticated() raise if user_auth_tuple is not None: self._authenticator = authenticator self.user, self.auth = user_auth_tuple return # 权限组件 self.check_permissions(request) =========== for permission in self.get_permissions(): if not permission.has_permission(request, self): self.permission_denied( request, message=getattr(permission, 'message', None) ) # 频率组件 self.check_throttles(request) ============= for throttle in self.get_throttles(): # [VisitRateThrottle(),] if not throttle.allow_request(request, self): self.throttled(request, throttle.wait()) # 受限制 # 分发 if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names: handler = getattr(self,request.method.lower(), self.http_method_not_allowed) response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs) return response
4 序列化组件
class PublishSerializers(serializers.Serializer): name = serializers.CharField() email = serializers.CharField() class PublishModelSerializers(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model=Publish fields="__all__" # queryset或者model对象-------------》json数据 ps=PublishSerializers(queryset,many=True) ps.data # [{},{},{}] #model对象 ps=PublishSerializers(model_obj,many=False) ps.data # {} # json数据-------》记录 # 添加操作 ps=PublishSerializers(data=request.data) if ps.is_valid(): #必须进行is_vaid校验 ps.save() # create # 更新操作 ps=PublishSerializers(model_obj,data=request.data) if ps.is_valid(): ps.save() # update
5 .视图组件
版本1(逻辑复用版本)：
# Book表 class BookView(APIView): def get(self,request): book_list=Book.objects.all() bs=BookModelSerializers(book_list,many=True,context={'request': request}) return Response(bs.data) def post(self,request): # post请求的数据 bs=BookModelSerializers(data=request.data) if bs.is_valid(): print(bs.validated_data) bs.save()# create方法 return Response(bs.data) else: return Response(bs.errors) class BookDetailView(APIView): def get(self,request,id): book=Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first() bs=BookModelSerializers(book,context={'request': request}) return Response(bs.data) def put(self,request,id): book=Book.objects.filter(pk=id).first() bs=BookModelSerializers(book,data=request.data) if bs.is_valid(): bs.save() return Response(bs.data) else: return Response(bs.errors) def delete(self,request,id): Book.objects.filter(pk=id).delete() return Response()
版本2(mixIn)：
#虽然逻辑封装了，但是依旧代码复用。 from rest_framework import mixins from rest_framework import generics class AuthorView(mixins.ListModelMixin,mixins.CreateModelMixin,generics.GenericAPIView): queryset=Author.objects.all() serializer_class =AuthorModelSerializers def get(self,request, *args, **kwargs): return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs) def post(self,request, *args, **kwargs): return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs) class AuthorDetailView(mixins.RetrieveModelMixin,mixins.DestroyModelMixin,mixins.UpdateModelMixin,generics.GenericAPIView): queryset = Author.objects.all() serializer_class = AuthorModelSerializers def get(self,request,*args, **kwargs): return self.retrieve(request,*args, **kwargs) def delete(self,request,*args, **kwargs): return self.destroy(request,*args, **kwargs) def put(self,request,*args, **kwargs): return self.retrieve(request,*args, **kwargs)
版本3：基于通用类
from rest_framework import mixins from rest_framework import generics #增和查封装 class AuthorView(generics.ListCreateAPIView): queryset=Author.objects.all() serializer_class =AuthorModelSerializers #更新,单条查看, 删除封装 class AuthorDetailView(generics.RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): queryset = Author.objects.all() serializer_class = AuthorModelSerializers
版本4：最终版
#在url上做了区分，使用同一个视图 from rest_framework import viewsets class AuthorModelView(viewsets.ModelViewSet): queryset=Author.objects.all() serializer_class=AuthorModelSerializers url(r'^authors/$', views.AuthorModelView.as_view({"get":"list","post":"create"}),name="author"), url(r'authors/(?P<pk>\d+)/$', views.AuthorModelView.as_view({"get":"retrieve","put":"update","delete":"destroy"}),name="authordetail"),
最终版的流程：
流程： url(r'^authors/$', views.AuthorModelView.as_view({"get":"list","post":"create"}),name="author"), url(r'^authors/$', ViewSetMixin下的.as_view({"get":"list","post":"create"}),name="author"), url(r'^authors/$', ViewSetMixin类下的view), 一旦访问 /authors/: ViewSetMixin def view(): #做了一个反射,将url传参的键值拿到，取get以后取到就是list,post就是create for method, action in actions.items(): # {"get":"list","post":"create"} handler = getattr(self, action) # self.list self.create setattr(self, method, handler) self.dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs) APIView类下的self.dispatch # 分发(上面做完反射以后分发) if request.method.lower() in self.http_method_names: handler = getattr(self,request.method.lower(), self.http_method_not_allowed) response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs) # self.list() return response
最后就是restframework的一个流程来对应到10个应用
路由 ->视图-->版本-->频率，认证，权限-->解析器(通过解析器拿到数据)-->序列化-->-->分页-->渲染器(Json,还是页面)
梦想随心，天地随行
