getline,cin,ignore

getline:可读入包含空格在内的字符串,以回车作为结束符,输入完回车之后缓存区内的第一个字符为回车;

cin:以读入缓存区内的字符,以空白符作为结束(eg:空格符,回车符)

ignore(int n,int d):跳过n个字符,在n个字符之前有d则提前结束,无参时跳过一个字符

之前学习的时候定义一个字符串s再用函数getline(cin, s)可以读取一个到换行符结束的字符串,但是今天做的联系中这个函数却被自动忽略了。
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    int a;
    string s;
    cout << "choose 1, 2 or 3" << endl
         << "1. copy a string" << endl
         << "2. size of a string" << endl
         << "3. size of a line" << endl;
    cin >> a;
    if (a != 1 & a != 2 & a != 3)    cout << "ERROR!" << endl;
    else {

          if (a == 1)
          {
              cout << "Enter a string : ";
              cin >> s;
              cout << s << endl;
          }  else if (a == 2) {
                               cout << "Enter a string : ";
                               cin >> s;
                               cout << "The size of " << s << " is " << s.size()
                                       << " characters, including the newline" << endl;
                              }
                  else  {
                         cout << "Enter a string : ";
                         getline(cin,s);
                         cout << "The size of " << s << " is " << s.size()
                              << " characters, including the newline" << endl;
                        }
         }
    return 0;
}

当a赋值为1和2时都没问题,但当a赋值为3时,运行结果为:
choose 1, 2 or 3
1. copy a string
2. size of a string
3. size of a line
3  (这里是我输入的3)
Enter a string : The size of  is 0 characters, including the newline

在输出 Enter a string :后自动跳过getline函数,直接把s赋值为了一个空字符串,这是为什么呢?
但当我在getline(cin, s);这句后再加一句getline(cin, s);就运行正常了。在提示输入字符串的时候给我输入的机会了,为撒?
错哪儿了?如何改正?

posted @ 2012-04-15 21:51  Gentoo  阅读(426)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报