Django
Django整合Vue
目录
1. 项目开发
1.1 前端代码
准备
-
安装axios
npm install --save axios -
main.js配置
在main.js里配置，该两行 import axios from 'axios' Vue.prototype.axios = axios //其它组件可以使用this.axios
开发
-
App.vue
-
Register.vue编写
<!-- * @Description: henggao_learning * @version: v1.0.0 * @Author: henggao * @Date: 2021-07-06 14:32:58 * @LastEditors: henggao * @LastEditTime: 2021-07-07 11:13:54 --> <template> <div> <h1>Register Page</h1> <h2>Demo</h2> <p>{{ msg }}</p> <button @click="getData">获取数据</button> </div> </template> <script> import axios from "axios"; export default { name: "Register", data() { return { msg:"", }; }, methods: { getData() { // const url = "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/test/"; const url = "/api/test/"; axios .get(url, {}) .then((response) => { console.log("返回数据"); console.log(response.data); console.log(response.data[0]['name']); this.msg = response.data[0]['name'] }) .catch((err) => { console.log("error message"); }); }, }, }; </script> <style scoped> </style> -
router/index.js
-
vue.config.js,使用最上面，即可
/* * @Description: henggao_learning * @version: v1.0.0 * @Author: henggao * @Date: 2021-07-06 20:37:20 * @LastEditors: henggao * @LastEditTime: 2021-07-07 11:42:33 */ const path = require('path') module.exports = { publicPath: '/', // 输出文件目录 outputDir: 'dist', assetsDir: 'static', lintOnSave: false, chainWebpack: (config) => { config.resolve.symlinks(true) //热更新 }, configureWebpack: (config) => { if (process.env.NODE_ENV === 'production') { // 为生产环境修改配置... config.mode = 'production' // 将每个依赖包打包成单独的js文件 let optimization = { runtimeChunk: 'single', splitChunks: { chunks: 'all', maxInitialRequests: Infinity, minSize: 20000, cacheGroups: { vendor: { test: /[\\/]node_modules[\\/]/, name(module) { const packageName = module.context.match(/[\\/]node_modules[\\/](.*?)([\\/]|$)/)[1] return `npm.${packageName.replace('@', '')}` } } } } } Object.assign(config, { optimization }) } else { // 为开发环境修改配置... config.mode = 'development' } Object.assign(config, { // 开发生产共同配置 resolve: { extensions: ['.js', '.vue', '.json'],//请求本地json alias: { '@': path.resolve(__dirname, './src'), '@c': path.resolve(__dirname, './src/components'), '@p': path.resolve(__dirname, './src/pages') } // 别名配置 } }) }, // 生产环境是否生成 sourceMap 文件 productionSourceMap: true, css: { // 是否使用css分离插件 ExtractTextPlugin extract: true, // 开启 CSS source maps?是否在构建样式地图，false将提高构建速度 sourceMap: false, // css预设器配置项 loaderOptions: {}, // 启用 CSS modules for all css / pre-processor files. modules: false }, parallel: require('os').cpus().length > 1, // webpack-dev-server 相关配置 devServer: { open: true, host: 'localhost', port: 8080, https: false, hotOnly: false, overlay: { warnings: false, errors: false }, proxy: { '/api': { // 目标 API 地址 // target: 'http://127.0.0.1:8000/api',//这里后台的地址模拟的;应该填写你们真实的后台接口 target: 'http://39.105.175.144:8001/api',//这里后台的地址模拟的;应该填写你们真实的后台接口 // 如果要代理 websockets ws: true, changeOrigin: true, // 允许websockets跨域 pathRewrite: { '/api': '' } } }, // 代理转发配置，用于调试环境 disableHostCheck: true, } } -
打包前端项目，前端项目目录
whjproject_ui下打包npm run build
1.2 后端代码
准备
-
安装
django-cors-headers，后端出于安全考虑，对于跨域有限制。pip install django-cors-headers -
配置settings.py文件
#app 'corsheaders', # 设置可跨域 'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware', CORS_ALLOW_CREDENTIALS = True CORS_ORIGIN_ALLOW_ALL = True
开发
-
后端代码，（这里使用010小节进行测试）
-
models.py
-
serializers.py
-
views.py
-
urls.py
-
Django根目录
setting.py部署上线需改设置DEBUG = False ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['39.105.175.144']- local_settings.py
-
1.3 启动项目
1.3.1. Nginx配置信息
-
在
/etc/nginx/conf.d文件夹下，创建wjproject.conf，内容如下：server { listen 8001; server_name 39.105.175.144; charset utf-8; client_max_body_size 75M; location /media { expires 30d; autoindex on; add_header Cache-Control private; alias /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/media/; } location /static { expires 30d; autoindex on; add_header Cache-Control private; alias /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/wjproject_ui/dist/static; } location / { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000; uwsgi_read_timeout 2; }}server { listen 8004; server_name 39.105.175.144; location / { root /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/wjproject_ui/dist; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } }-
第一个server配置信息是将
nginx和uWSGI服务器实现通信连接；-
uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000; //必须和uwsgi中socket的设置一致
-
-
第二个server是配置Vue项目
-
-
nginx，在任意目录下
# 启动nginxservice nginx start# 重启nginxservice nginx reload#停止service nginx stop
1.3.2. uWSGI配置信息
-
uWSGI配置，在Django根目录/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env下新建wjproject_uwsgi.ini文件，输入配置信息[uwsgi]; 监听的端口,不配置nginx; http = :8001#配置端口号,指定和nginx进行套接字通信的方式：端口或文件socket= 127.0.0.1:8000; socket= 39.105.175.144:8000; socket= 0.0.0.0:8002#项目的绝对路径,项目所在目录，和manage.py同级chdir=/usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env; 主应用中的wsgi文件wsgi-file = wjproject_v1/wsgi.py; 启动一个master进程，来管理其余的子进程master=true#设置最大工作进程数processes=4threads = 2#保存主进程的pid，用来控制uwsgi服务pidfile=/usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/logs/uwsgi.pid; 设置后台运行，保存日志daemonize=/usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/logs/uwsgi.log; 设置每个工作进程处理请求的上限，达到上限时，将回收（重启）该进程。可以预防内存泄漏max-requests=5000#服务停止时自动移除unix Socket和pid文件vacuum=true# 指定依赖的虚拟环境; virtualenv=/home/peter/.virtualenvs/opwfenvvirtualenv=/usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env- 注意：为了配合
nginx工作，端口协议是 socket , 如果换成http,则可以直接运行uwsgi，就能通过浏览器访问页面了。命令为uwsgi dj_uwsgi.ini。
- 注意：为了配合
-
uwsgi，在
/usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env目录下# 启动uwsgi --ini wjproject_uwsgi.ini# 停止uwsgi --stop logs/uwsgi.pidpkill -f uwsgi -9#查看uwsgi端口号ps -ef |grep uwsgi
1.3.3 浏览器查看
http://39.105.175.144:8001/
1.4 后续启动关闭
-
打包前端代码
npm run build -
Nginx
# 启动nginxservice nginx start# 重启nginxservice nginx reload#停止service nginx stop -
uwsgi，在
/usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env目录下，不需要虚拟环境。# 启动uwsgi --ini wjproject_uwsgi.ini# 停止uwsgi --stop logs/uwsgi.pidpkill -f uwsgi -9#查看uwsgi端口号ps -ef |grep uwsgi
1.5 绑定域名
1.5.1 域名添加配置
- 添加ip公网地址
1.5.2 在服务器打开端口号
- 打开http端口号80
- 将程序部署到80端口上，或者把8080端口映射到公网的80上，或者ngnix反向代理到80端口上。
- 浏览器默认80端口不要加端口号，别的端口就要加上。
1.5.3 修改nginx配置
- 修改
/etc/nginx/conf.d文件夹下创建的wjproject.conf，内容如下：
server { listen 80; server_name www.genghenggao.top; charset utf-8; client_max_body_size 100M; location /media { expires 30d; autoindex on; add_header Cache-Control private; alias /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/media/; } location /static { expires 30d; autoindex on; add_header Cache-Control private; alias /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/wjproject_ui/dist/static; } location / { include uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8000; uwsgi_read_timeout 2; }}server { listen 8004; server_name 39.105.175.144; location / { root /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/wjproject_ui/dist; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } }
- 最后版本
/etc/nginx/conf.d/wjproject.conf
server{ listen 80; server_name genghenggao.top www.genghenggao.top; # server_name 39.105.175.144; charset utf-8; client_max_body_size 100M; location /media { expires 30d; autoindex on; add_header Cache-Control private; alias /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/media/; } location /static { expires 30d; autoindex on; add_header Cache-Control private; alias /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/static/; } location / { root /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/wjproject_ui/dist; index index.html; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } location /api{ # 配置代理路径 proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/api; } location /admin{ proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/admin; }}# Django转发请求到Nginx：127.0.0.1:8000server { listen 8000; server_name localhost 127.0.0.1; location / { include /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params; uwsgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8002; }}server { # Vue端口 listen 8004; server_name genghenggao.top www.genghenggao.top; # server_name 39.105.175.144; location / { root /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/wjproject_ui/dist; index index.html; try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html; } # 配置代理路径 location /api{ proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000/api; }}
- 重启Nginx
http://genghenggao.top/
1.6 打包后操作
1.6.1 收集静态资源
- 说明：打包好Vue，收集Django的静态资源（我是放在一个目录下的
/usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_env/wjproject_ui/dist/static） - 虚拟环境下，运行以下命令
python manage.py collectstatic
1.6.2 修改网站logo
-
修改
- 第一种，将打包好的dist/index.html
https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1389175/202107/1389175-20210730211819913-1178460802.png- 第二种，修改打包前public/index.html
<!-- 原来 --> <link rel="icon" href="<%= BASE_URL %>favicon.ico"> <!-- 修改为 --> <link rel="icon" href="https://img2020.cnblogs.com/blog/1389175/202107/1389175-20210730211819913-1178460802.png">
1.7 提交git
- 配置好提交仓库
# 前端项目cd C:\Users\Admin\Desktop\fsdownload\wjproject_docker\wjproject_env\wjproject_ui# 后端项目目录cd /usr/local/wjproject_docker/wjproject_envgit add .git commit -m "commit_log"git push
1.8 发布部署
- 进入到需要导出所有 Python 库的那个环境，然后使用那个环境下的 pip ：
pip freeze > requirements.txt
requirement.txt 文件默认输出在桌面
然后就可以用：
pip install -r requirements.txt
来一次性安装 requirements.txt 里面所有的依赖包，真是非常方便。
你只管努力，其他的交给天意~
