java——并查集 UnionFind

时间复杂度:

  O(log*n),近乎是O(1)级别的

UnionFind 接口:

public interface UF {
    int getSize();
    boolean isConnected(int p, int q);
    void unionElements(int p, int q);
}

第一种:

//quickFind
public class UnionFind1 implements UF{
    //id 这个数组中并没有存储数据的值,而是存储了数据所在的集合编号
    private int[] id;
    
    public UnionFind1(int size) {
        id = new int[size];
        for(int i = 0 ; i < id.length ; i ++) {
            id[i] = i;
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public int getSize() {
        return id.length;
    }
    
    //查找元素p所对应的集合编号
    private int find(int p) {
        if(p < 0 || p >= id.length) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("p is out of bound.");
        }
        return id[p];
    }

    //查看元素p和q是否属于同一个集合
    @Override
    public boolean isConnected(int p, int q) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return find(p) == find(q);
    }
    
    //将p和q所属的集合合并
    @Override
    public void unionElements(int p, int q) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        int pID = find(p);
        int qID = find(q);
        
        if(pID == qID) {
            return;
        }
        
        for(int i = 0 ; i < id.length ; i ++) {
            if(id[i] == pID) {
                id[i] = qID;
            }
        }
    }
    
    
}

第二种:

//QuickUnion
//一种孩子指向父亲节的树 
public class UnionFind2 implements UF{
    
    private int[] parent;
    
    public UnionFind2(int size) {
        parent = new int[size];
        
        //初始的时候每一个节点都指向他自己,每一个节点都是一棵独立的树
        for(int i = 0 ; i< size ; i ++) {
            parent[i] = i;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public int getSize() {
        
        return parent.length;
    }

    private int find(int p) {
        if(p < 0 || p >= parent.length) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("p is out of bound.");
        }
        while(p != parent[p]) {
            p = parent[p];
        }
        return p;
    }
    
    @Override
    public boolean isConnected(int p, int q) {
        
        return find(p) == find(q);
    }

    @Override
    public void unionElements(int p, int q) {
        
        int pRoot = find(p);
        int qRoot = find(q);
        
        if(pRoot == qRoot) {
            return;
        }else {
            parent[pRoot] = qRoot;
        }
        
    }

}

第三种:

package UnionFind;

//使树的深度尽量保持较低水平
//节点总数小的那个树去指向节点总数大的那棵树
public class UnionFind3 implements UF {
    
    private int[] parent;
    // sz[i]表示以i为根的的集合中元素的个数
    private int[] sz;
    
    public UnionFind3(int size) {
        parent = new int[size];
        for(int i = 0 ; i < parent.length ; i ++) {
            parent[i] = i;
            sz[i] = 1;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public int getSize() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return parent.length;
    }
    
    private int find(int p) {
        if(p < 0 || p >= parent.length) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("p is out of bound.");
        }
        while(p != parent[p]) {
            p = parent[p];
        }
        return p;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean isConnected(int p, int q) {
        
        return find(p) == find(q);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void unionElements(int p, int q) {
        int pRoot = find(p);
        int qRoot = find(q);
        
        if(pRoot == qRoot) {
            return;
        }
        if(sz[pRoot] < sz[qRoot]) {
            parent[pRoot] = qRoot;
            sz[qRoot] += sz[pRoot];
        }else {
            parent[qRoot] = pRoot;
            sz[pRoot] += sz[qRoot];
        }
        
    }

}

第四种:

//基于rank的优化
//使深度小的那棵树指向深度大的那棵树
public class UnionFind4 implements UF {
    
    private int[] parent;
    // rank[i]表示以i为根的的集合所表示的树的层数
    private int[] rank;
    
    public UnionFind4(int size) {
        parent = new int[size];
        for(int i = 0 ; i < parent.length ; i ++) {
            parent[i] = i;
            rank[i] = 1;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public int getSize() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return parent.length;
    }
    
    private int find(int p) {
        if(p < 0 || p >= parent.length) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("p is out of bound.");
        }
        while(p != parent[p]) {
            p = parent[p];
        }
        return p;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean isConnected(int p, int q) {
        
        return find(p) == find(q);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void unionElements(int p, int q) {
        int pRoot = find(p);
        int qRoot = find(q);
        
        if(pRoot == qRoot) {
            return;
        }
        if(rank[pRoot] < rank[qRoot]) {
            parent[pRoot] = qRoot;
        }else if(rank[pRoot] > rank[qRoot]){
            parent[qRoot] = pRoot;
        }else {
            parent[qRoot] = pRoot;
            rank[pRoot] += 1;
        }
        
    }

}

第五种:

//路径压缩
public class UnionFind5 implements UF{
    
    private int[] parent;
    // rank[i]表示以i为根的的集合所表示的树的层数
    private int[] rank;
    
    public UnionFind5(int size) {
        parent = new int[size];
        for(int i = 0 ; i < parent.length ; i ++) {
            parent[i] = i;
            rank[i] = 1;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public int getSize() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return parent.length;
    }
    
    //这里添加路径压缩的过程
    private int find(int p) {
        if(p < 0 || p >= parent.length) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("p is out of bound.");
        }
        while(p != parent[p]) {
            parent[p] = parent[parent[p]];
            p = parent[p];
        }
        return p;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean isConnected(int p, int q) {
        
        return find(p) == find(q);
    }
    
    //这里的rank不再是每个节点精准的深度,只是做为一个参考,由于性能考虑所以不维护rank
    @Override
    public void unionElements(int p, int q) {
        int pRoot = find(p);
        int qRoot = find(q);
        
        if(pRoot == qRoot) {
            return;
        }
        if(rank[pRoot] < rank[qRoot]) {
            parent[pRoot] = qRoot;
        }else if(rank[pRoot] > rank[qRoot]){
            parent[qRoot] = pRoot;
        }else {
            parent[qRoot] = pRoot;
            rank[pRoot] += 1;
        }
        
    }

}

第六种:

//find过程中让每个节点都指向根节点
//路径压缩
public class UnionFind6 implements UF{
        
    private int[] parent;
    // rank[i]表示以i为根的的集合所表示的树的层数
    private int[] rank;
    
    public UnionFind6(int size) {
        parent = new int[size];
        for(int i = 0 ; i < parent.length ; i ++) {
            parent[i] = i;
            rank[i] = 1;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public int getSize() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        return parent.length;
    }
    
    //这里添加路径压缩的过程
    //递归调用
    private int find(int p) {
        if(p < 0 || p >= parent.length) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("p is out of bound.");
        }
        if(p != parent[p]) {
            parent[p] = find(parent[p]);
        }
        return parent[p];
    }
    @Override
    public boolean isConnected(int p, int q) {
        
        return find(p) == find(q);
    }
    
    //这里的rank不再是每个节点精准的深度,只是做为一个参考,由于性能考虑所以不维护rank
    @Override
    public void unionElements(int p, int q) {
        int pRoot = find(p);
        int qRoot = find(q);
        
        if(pRoot == qRoot) {
            return;
        }
        if(rank[pRoot] < rank[qRoot]) {
            parent[pRoot] = qRoot;
        }else if(rank[pRoot] > rank[qRoot]){
            parent[qRoot] = pRoot;
        }else {
            parent[qRoot] = pRoot;
            rank[pRoot] += 1;
        }
        
    }

}

 

posted @ 2018-11-02 21:41  高圈圈  阅读(1486)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报