[Oracle工程师手记] 备份恢复双城记(一)
有的时候，客户会有这样一种需求： 他需要把数据库整体移行(移植)到另外一个硬件服务器上，但是，客户希望，尽可能地减少对 数据库用户的影响，当新数据库启用之前，客户希望他的数据库用户仍然能够访问数据库。
其实，最适合的方法，就是建立 Data Guard 了，无论原来的数据库有什么变更，都可以通过 redo 数据， 同步到新的数据库上。但是有的用户，对 Data Guard 的构筑过程不够熟悉，担心出现各种问题，那么就需要找到一些别的方法。
有的客户，会期待用自己所熟悉的备份、恢复的方法，在两个数据库服务器硬件之间进行腾挪，实现利用全备份+ 增分备份的方式，实现最小化停机时间，来完成迁移。想象一下，普通的备份恢复是什么样子：比如：
rman>run{
restore database;
recover database;
}
然而，我现在需要的，却是这么一种方式：
在 dest 数据库，用第一次的备份，进行 restore。
继续在 source 数据库 和 dest 数据库直接，不断传递备份文件。
用第二次的备份，进行 recover，
用第三次的备份，再进行 recover，
......
用最后一次的备份，进行 recover,
用最新的 archive log ，进行 recover。
那么，在dest 端，从 rman 执行的就是类似这样的命令：
rman>restore database; rman>recover database; rman>recover database;
能否可以实现呢，我把步骤细化一番，进行试验。在真正开始用在两个服务器之间进行腾挪之前，我先用一台机器模拟一下。我的设想是这样的：
首先，进行 level 0 的备份。紧接着，进行控制文件的备份。
然后，对数据库进行一些操作，然后，执行 level 1 增分备份。
然后，切换日志。
然后，对数据库进行一些操作，然后，再执行一轮 level 1 增分备份。
然后，切换日志。
然后，对数据库进行一些操作，然后，再执行一轮 level 1 增分备份。
然后，切换日志。
至此，备份完成。
然后，开始进行恢复测试，删除数据库的数据文件、online redo，并且把 archive log 挪走。
statup nomount 启动，恢复前面的 控制文件 (restore controlfile)，将数据库设置为 mount 状态。
执行 restore database;
由于控制文件是比较陈旧的，所以，它没有上面三次 level 1 的增分备份的信息，
所以，
a)我用 catalog 命令，依次进行： catalog start with '增分备份所在的目录';
b)紧接着执行 recover database;
重复上述 a) b) 三次。
然后，还缺少最后的 archive log, 我再注册 archive log，然后执行最后一次的 recover database;
最后，执行 alter database open resetlogs;
具体的过程是这样的：
第一次，执行 level 0 备份：
RMAN> backup incremental level 0 database format '/refresh/home/bak00/%U'; RMAN> backup current controlfile format '/refresh/home/bak00/control.bks';
得到的备份信息：
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 7
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
9 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:08:09
BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070808
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/control.bks
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991848 Ckp time: 20210403_07:08:08
RMAN>
注意这里得到的 level 0 增分备份的 checkpoint time: 20210403_07:07:18。
然后执行更新操作：
SQL> create table tab001 as select * from dba_objects;
这时，进行 level 1 增分备份(第一回)：
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database format '/refresh/home/bak01/%U';
然后，执行日志切换（这里是为了查看后来的恢复操作时需要哪些 archive log）(第一回):
SQL> alter system switch logfile; SQL> alter system switch logfile;
此时，得到的备份信息和 archive log 信息如下：
RMAN> list backup;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 7
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
9 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:08:09
BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070808
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/control.bks
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991848 Ckp time: 20210403_07:08:08
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
10 Incr 1 9.84M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:37
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 10
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
11 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:09:39
BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991965 Ckp time: 20210403_07:09:37
RMAN> list archivelog all;
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204
=====================================================================
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - -----------------
3 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf
4 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
RMAN>
接下来，再进行第二次的 level 1 的增分备份：
对数据库进行一些变更（第二回）：
SQL> create table tab002 as select * from dba_objects;
执行level 1 增分备份（第二回）：
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database format '/refresh/home/bak02/%U';
再次日志切换（第二回）：
SQL> alter system switch logfile; SQL> alter system switch logfile;
查看备份信息和 archive log 信息：
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 7
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
9 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:08:09
BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070808
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/control.bks
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991848 Ckp time: 20210403_07:08:08
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
10 Incr 1 9.84M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:37
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 10
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
11 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:09:39
BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991965 Ckp time: 20210403_07:09:37
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
12 Incr 1 9.93M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:12:57
BP Key: 12 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071257
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 12
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
13 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:12:59
BP Key: 13 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071257
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0cvrbkfq_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 992145 Ckp time: 20210403_07:12:57
RMAN> list archivelog all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204
=====================================================================
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - -----------------
3 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf
4 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
5 1 3 A 20210403_07:10:28
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf
6 1 4 A 20210403_07:13:37
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf
RMAN>
再来一回(第三回)：
数据库变更（第三回）：
SQL> create table tab003 as select * from dba_objects;
level 1 增分备份（第三回）：
RMAN> backup incremental level 1 database format '/refresh/home/bak03/%U';
日志切换(第三回)：
SQL> alter system switch logfile; SQL> alter system switch logfile;
再次查看备份信息和 archive log 信息：
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 7
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
9 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:08:09
BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070808
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/control.bks
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991848 Ckp time: 20210403_07:08:08
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
10 Incr 1 9.84M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:37
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 10
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
11 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:09:39
BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991965 Ckp time: 20210403_07:09:37
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
12 Incr 1 9.93M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:12:57
BP Key: 12 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071257
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 12
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 992145 20210403_07:12:57 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
13 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:12:59
BP Key: 13 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071257
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0cvrbkfq_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 992145 Ckp time: 20210403_07:12:57
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
14 Incr 1 9.82M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:15:56
BP Key: 14 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071555
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 14
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 1 Incr 992322 20210403_07:15:56 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 992322 20210403_07:15:56 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 992322 20210403_07:15:56 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 992322 20210403_07:15:56 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
15 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:15:58
BP Key: 15 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T071555
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0evrbkld_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 992323 Ckp time: 20210403_07:15:57
RMAN>
RMAN> list archivelog all;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204
=====================================================================
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - -----------------
3 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf
4 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
5 1 3 A 20210403_07:10:28
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf
6 1 4 A 20210403_07:13:37
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf
7 1 5 A 20210403_07:13:41
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf
8 1 6 A 20210403_07:16:41
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_6_1068879009.dbf
RMAN>
再作一点变更吧，并且把 online redo 切换出来，再记录一下 datafile 和 online redo 的位置，然后停机。
SQL> create table tab004 as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
SQL> alter system switch logfile;
System altered.
SQL> select * from v$log;
GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---
STATUS FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIM NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
---------------- ------------- --------- ------------ ---------
1 1 7 52428800 512 1 YES
ACTIVE 992359 03-APR-21 992471 03-APR-21
2 1 8 52428800 512 1 NO
CURRENT 992471 03-APR-21 2.8147E+14
3 1 6 52428800 512 1 YES
INACTIVE 992355 03-APR-21 992359 03-APR-21
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/redo03.log
/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/redo02.log
/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/redo01.log
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
SQL>
SQL> shutdown immediate;
好了，现在我可以开始进行恢复的试验了：
把数据文件和online redo 统统挪走：
-bash-4.1$ pwd /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204 -bash-4.1$ ls -lrt total 1520276 -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 20979712 Apr 3 06:50 temp01.dbf -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 52429312 Apr 3 07:16 redo03.log -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 52429312 Apr 3 07:17 redo01.log -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 52429312 Apr 3 07:20 redo02.log -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 817897472 Apr 3 07:20 system01.dbf -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 31465472 Apr 3 07:20 undotbs01.dbf -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 524296192 Apr 3 07:20 sysaux01.dbf -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 5251072 Apr 3 07:20 users01.dbf -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 9748480 Apr 3 07:20 control02.ctl -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 9748480 Apr 3 07:20 control01.ctl -bash-4.1$ cd .. -bash-4.1$ mv orcl11204 orcl11204.bak -bash-4.1$ mkdir orcl11204
再吧 archive log 挪走：
-bash-4.1$ mkdir -p /refresh/home/arc -bash-4.1$ mv /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arc* /refresh/home/arc -bash-4.1$ ls -lrt /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs total 9544 -rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oracle 2851 May 15 2009 init.ora -rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 24 Aug 24 2017 lkORCL1120 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 1536 Aug 24 2017 orapworcl11204 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 24 Aug 24 2017 lkORCL11204 -rw-r----- 1 oracle oracle 3584 Apr 3 06:50 spfileorcl11204.ora -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 9748480 Apr 3 07:15 snapcf_orcl11204.f -rw-rw---- 1 oracle oracle 1544 Apr 3 07:20 hc_orcl11204.dat
下面，nomount 模式启动，然后恢复出旧的控制文件，这是为了模拟将来在新机器上只有旧的控制文件的操作。
-bash-4.1$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Sat Apr 3 07:22:59 2021 Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database (not started) RMAN> startup nomount; RMAN> restore controlfile from '/refresh/home/bak00/control.bks'; Starting restore at 20210403_07:25:03 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring control file channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 output file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/control01.ctl output file name=/refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/control02.ctl Finished restore at 20210403_07:25:04 RMAN> alter database mount; database mounted released channel: ORA_DISK_1 RMAN>
可以看到，因为控制文件的信息比较陈旧，它只有第一次level 0 备份的信息：
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 7
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33
RMAN> list archivelog all;
specification does not match any archived log in the repository
RMAN>
执行 restore 操作：
RMAN> restore database; Starting restore at 20210403_07:26:13 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00001 to /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00002 to /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00003 to /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1 tag=TAG20210403T070718 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07 Finished restore at 20210403_07:26:21 RMAN>
然后，我开始把第一回的 level 1 增分备份信息注册回来，执行 recover database：
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak01'; searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak01 List of Files Unknown to the Database ===================================== File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1 File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/control.bks File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1 Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1 File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/control.bks File Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1
可以看到，备份的信息增加了：
RMAN> list backup;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 7
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
8 Incr 0 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 20210403_07:07:34
BP Key: 8 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/07vrbk5l_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991827 Ckp time: 20210403_07:07:33
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
9 Incr 1 9.36M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:38
BP Key: 9 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/0avrbk9i_1_1
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 20210403_06:50:46
SPFILE db_unique_name: ORCL11204
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 991965 Ckp time: 20210403_07:09:37
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
10 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_06:29:06
BP Key: 10 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T062906
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/control.bks
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 989812 Ckp time: 20210403_06:29:06
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
11 Incr 1 9.84M DISK 00:00:00 20210403_07:09:37
BP Key: 11 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070936
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 11
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 1 Incr 991965 20210403_07:09:37 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
RMAN> list archivelog all;
specification does not match any archived log in the repository
RMAN>
那么，我可以进行第一次的 recover database 的操作了:
RMAN> recover database; Starting recover at 20210403_07:27:21 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set destination for restore of datafile 00001: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00002: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00003: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00004: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak01/09vrbk9h_1_1 tag=TAG20210403T070936 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 starting media recovery unable to find archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/03/2021 07:27:23 RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 and starting SCN of 991848 RMAN>
出 warnnig 其实很正常，因为只要不是指定 set until time/scn/archive log， Oracle 肯定要往下一直找 archive log的。
recover database 的执行过程，确实用到了第一回 level 1 增分备份的备份集合： 09vrbk9h_1_1。
但是注意看我的 level 0 的备份信息的 Ckp Time：
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ -----------------
7 Incr 0 1.00G DISK 00:00:13 20210403_07:07:31
BP Key: 7 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20210403T070718
Piece Name: /refresh/home/bak00/06vrbk56_1_1
List of Datafiles in backup set 7
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- ----------------- ----
1 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf
2 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf
3 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf
4 0 Incr 991822 20210403_07:07:18 /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf
Level 0 备份当时的 log 显示：
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 20210403_07:07:18 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 20210403_07:07:33
可以近似地认为，Level 0 备份，包含了 07:07:18开始，截止至 07：07：33 的内容。
而 archive log 的信息显示：
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - -----------------
3 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf
4 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22
Name: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/product/11.2.0.4/dbhome_4/dbs/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
thread 1 with sequence 1 的 archive log，它包含的变更内容的时间范围涵盖 06:50:09 -- 07:10:22。
我执行了 level 1 的增分备份所对应的那一部分 recover databse，然而 rman 似乎只记得 第一次 level 0 增分时的状况，它在向我要求： thread 1 with sequence 1 的 archive log ！ 换句话说，数据库无视了已经利用Level 1 增分备份的执行成功的状况，它仍然在寻找用从 Level 0 备份执行 restore database 之后的 SCN 来计算的内容。
为了看得更清楚一些，再把第二回 level 1 增分备份注册，然后执行 restore database：
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak02'; searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak02 List of Files Unknown to the Database ===================================== File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1 File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0cvrbkfq_1_1 Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1 File Name: /refresh/home/bak02/0cvrbkfq_1_1 RMAN> recover database; Starting recover at 20210403_07:28:26 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set destination for restore of datafile 00001: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00002: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00003: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00004: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak02/0bvrbkfp_1_1 tag=TAG20210403T071257 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 starting media recovery unable to find archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/03/2021 07:28:28 RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 and starting SCN of 991848 RMAN>
仍然没有变化，还在要 archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 ！
再把第三回的 level 1 增分备份注册上来：
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/bak03'; searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/bak03 List of Files Unknown to the Database ===================================== File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0evrbkld_1_1 File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1 Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes cataloging files... cataloging done List of Cataloged Files ======================= File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0evrbkld_1_1 File Name: /refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1 RMAN> recover database; Starting recover at 20210403_07:30:19 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting incremental datafile backup set restore channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set destination for restore of datafile 00001: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/system01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00002: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/sysaux01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00003: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/undotbs01.dbf destination for restore of datafile 00004: /refresh/home/app/11.2.0.4/oracle/oradata/orcl11204/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/refresh/home/bak03/0dvrbklc_1_1 tag=TAG20210403T071555 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 starting media recovery unable to find archived log archived log thread=1 sequence=1 RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS =============== RMAN-00571: =========================================================== RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/03/2021 07:30:20 RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 and starting SCN of 991848 RMAN>
结果仍然没有改变。通过 SQL ，看看 v$datafile，和 v$dataile_header，可以看出问题来：
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyymmdd_hh24:mi:ss';
Session altered.
SQL> select file#,checkpoint_change#,checkpoint_time from v$datafile;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME
---------- ------------------ -----------------
1 991822 20210403_07:07:18 ***
2 991822 20210403_07:07:18 ***
3 991822 20210403_07:07:18 ***
4 991822 20210403_07:07:18 ***
SQL>
SQL> select file#,checkpoint_change#,checkpoint_time from v$datafile_header;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME
---------- ------------------ -----------------
1 992322 20210403_07:15:56
2 992322 20210403_07:15:56
3 992322 20210403_07:15:56
4 992322 20210403_07:15:56
SQL>
v$datafile 反映的是 controlfile 中的结果，而 v$datafile_header 反映的是数据文件中的实际情况。虽然，我每一次的 recover database 都改变了 datafile，但是由于我已经执行过了 restore database，数据库就以执行 restore database 时，它的控制文件中记录的内容，来决定要哪些 archive log。 没办法了，只好注册所有的 archive log， 再次执行 recover database。
RMAN> catalog start with '/refresh/home/arc';
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
searching for all files that match the pattern /refresh/home/arc
List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbf
Do you really want to catalog the above files (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done
List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf
File Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbf
RMAN> list archivelog all;
List of Archived Log Copies for database with db_unique_name ORCL11204
=====================================================================
Key Thrd Seq S Low Time
------- ---- ------- - -----------------
8 1 1 A 20210403_06:50:09
Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf
3 1 2 A 20210403_07:10:22
Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
7 1 3 A 20210403_07:10:28
Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf
6 1 4 A 20210403_07:13:37
Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf
5 1 5 A 20210403_07:13:41
Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf
9 1 6 A 20210403_07:16:41
Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbf
4 1 7 A 20210403_07:16:46
Name: /refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbf
RMAN> recover database;
Starting recover at 20210403_07:37:40
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=19 device type=DISK
starting media recovery
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 1 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 2 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 3 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 4 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 5 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 6 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbf
archived log for thread 1 with sequence 7 is already on disk as file /refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbf
archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_1_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=1
archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_2_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=2
archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_3_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=3
archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_4_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=4
archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_5_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=5
archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_6_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=6
archived log file name=/refresh/home/arc/arch1_7_1068879009.dbf thread=1 sequence=7
unable to find archived log
archived log thread=1 sequence=8
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of recover command at 04/03/2021 07:37:41
RMAN-06054: media recovery requesting unknown archived log for thread 1 with sequence 8 and starting SCN of 992471
RMAN>
RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
database opened
RMAN>
SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='yyyymmdd_hh24:mi:ss';
Session altered.
SQL> select file#,checkpoint_change#,checkpoint_time from v$datafile;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME
---------- ------------------ -----------------
1 992475 20210403_07:38:25
2 992475 20210403_07:38:25
3 992475 20210403_07:38:25
4 992475 20210403_07:38:25
SQL> select file#,checkpoint_change#,checkpoint_time from v$datafile_header;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME
---------- ------------------ -----------------
1 992475 20210403_07:38:25
2 992475 20210403_07:38:25
3 992475 20210403_07:38:25
4 992475 20210403_07:38:25
SQL>
我真的失败了吗？其实也没有，只要我保留最新的控制文件，再来多次执行 recover database， 不就可以成功了吗？ 换句话说，在两个机器之间，我执行最后一次 recover 之前，我把 source 端的控制文件备份出来，恢复到 dest 端，由于它包含了全部的备份新，我再执行 recover ，应该可以成功的。请拭目以待我的下一次两个机器之间的备份恢复试验。
