python + selenium 常用公共方法封装

 

selenium 环境配置及浏览器驱动的安装：https://www.cnblogs.com/gancuimian/p/16435300.html

uiautomator2 常用公共方法封装见之前的帖子：https://www.cnblogs.com/gancuimian/p/16948536.html

appium 常用公共方法封装见之前的帖子：https://www.cnblogs.com/gancuimian/p/16985527.html

 

在写(UI)自动化测试用例的时候，最常用的就是方法的调用。我们在这里，把公共方法封装到一个文件中，

这样以后需要使用，直接调用这个方法就可以了。

以下为个人常使用到的一些 selenium 公共方法的封装，（大多都与 appium 的公共方法通用，个别不太一样）

里面有一些操作是有重复的，这个根据个人情况，如果不需要可以不用。重复的话就多个选择，想用哪个用哪个。

 

首先需要导入/引用到的库

import os,time,faker,random
from typing import Tuple, Union, Dict
from selenium.webdriver import Chrome
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as when, expected_conditions
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains,Keys

 

直接上代码：

class Page:

    def __init__(self,driver:Chrome):
        self.driver = driver

    def goto(self,url):
        """ 去哪个url地址 """
        # if url.find("https://") != -1:
        #     return self.browser.get(url)
        return self.driver.get(url)


    def input(self,locator,values):
        """ 输入框当中输入内容 """
        el = self.driver.find_element(*locator)
        el.send_keys(values)


    def clear(self, element):
        """ 清空输入框中的内容 """
        el = self.driver.find_element(*element)
        el.clear()


    def click(self,locator):
        """ 点击 """
        # 设置显性等待时间
        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout=8)
        # 等待某个元素出现并可点击
        condition = when.element_to_be_clickable(locator)
        # 定位元素.点击按钮
        element = wait.until(condition)
        # 点击元素
        ActionChains(self.driver).click(element).perform()


    def double_click(self,locator):
        """ 双击 """
        # 设置显性等待时间
        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout=10)
        # 等待某个元素出现并可点击
        condition = when.element_to_be_clickable(locator)
        # 定位元素.点击按钮
        element = wait.until(condition)
        # 双击元素
        ActionChains(self.driver).double_click(element).perform()


    def drag_and_drop(self,locator1,locator2):
        """ 拖动 """
        # 设置显性等待时间
        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout=10)
        condition = when.element_to_be_clickable(locator1)
        element1 = wait.until(condition)
        # 定位到元素1，定位到元素2
        condition = when.element_to_be_clickable(locator2)
        element2 = wait.until(condition)
        # 拖动元素
        ActionChains(self.driver).drag_and_drop(element1,element2).perform()


    def is_element_exist(self, element: Tuple[str, Union[str, Dict]], wait_seconds: int = 10) -> bool:
        """ 判断元素是否存在 """
        by = element[0]
        value = element[1]

        try:
            if by == "id":
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, value)))
            elif by == "name":
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME, value)))
            elif by == "class":
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, value)))
            elif by == "text":
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.LINK_TEXT, value)))
            elif by == "partial_text":
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, value)))
            elif by == "xpath":
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, value)))
            elif by == "css":
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, value)))
            elif by == "tag":
                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.TAG_NAME, value)))
            else:
                raise NameError("Please enter the correct targeting elements,'id','name','class','text','xpath','css'.")
        except:
            return False
        return True


    def get_element_text(self,locator):
        """ 元素定位,获取text文本 """
        el = self.driver.find_element(*locator)
        return el.text


    def is_text_exist(self, text: str, wait_seconds: int = 10) -> bool:
        """ 判断text是否于当前页面存在 """
        for i in range(wait_seconds):
            if text in self.driver.page_source:
                return True
            time.sleep(1)
        return False


    def is_loaded(self,url,timeout=8):
        """ 判断某个 url 是否被加载 """
        return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout).until(when.url_contains(url))


    def get_element_attribute(self,locator,expected):
        """ 获取某个元素的属性 """
        el = self.driver.find_element(*locator)
        return el.get_attribute(expected)


    def get_toast_text(self):
        """ toast弹窗/获取toast文本内容 """
        toast = self.driver.find_element("xpath", "//android.widget.Toast")
        return toast.text



    def emter(self):
        """ 回车 """
        return ActionChains(self.driver).send_keys(Keys.ENTER).perform()


    def copy(self):
        """ 复制快捷键 """
        actions = ActionChains(self.driver)
        return actions.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys("c").key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()


    def paste(self):
        """ 粘贴的快捷键 """
        actions = ActionChains(self.driver)
        return actions.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys("v").key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()


    def set_attribute(self,locator,name,value):
        """ 设置元素属性（12306） """
        el = self.driver.find_element(*locator)
        js = f'arguments[0].{name} = f"{value}"'
        self.driver.execute_script(js,el)


    def switch_to_iframe(self,locator,timeout=10):
        """ 切换iframe """
        # iframe = self.browser.find_element(*locator)
        # self.browser.switch_to.frame(iframe)
        # 使用显性等待 切换 iframe
        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout)
        wait.until(when.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it(locator))


    def switch_to_default(self):
        """ iframe 切回主页面 """
        self.driver.switch_to.default_content()


    def scroll_to_bottom(self):
        """ 滚动到页面底部，使用js操作 """
        js = "window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)"
        self.driver.execute_script(js)


    def screenshot(self, name):
        """ 截图(注释的部分，根据个人需求可增or减) """
        # day = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))
        # fp = "..\\Result\\" + day
        fp = ".\\images\\"      # ".":表示上级; "..":表示上上级

        tm = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M', time.localtime(time.time()))
        if os.path.exists(fp):
            filename = fp + "\\" + tm + '_' + name + '.png'
        else:
            os.makedirs(fp)
            filename = fp + "\\" + tm + '_' + name + '.png'
        self.driver.save_screenshot(filename)


    def randmon_phone(self):
        """ 随机生成一个手机号，或者其他想生成的数据 """
        while True:
            phone = "130"
            for i in range(8):
                num = random.randint(0, 9)
                phone += str(num)
            return phone



    def generate_phone_number(self):
        """ 随机生成手机号(与上面的实现方法一致，写法用了列表推导式) """
        prefix = "130"
        suffix = [random.randint(0, 9) for _ in range(8)]
        return f"{prefix}{''.join([str(i) for i in suffix])}"


    def new_mobile(self):
        """ 随机生成手机号，需下载：pip install pytest_facker """
        fk = faker.Faker(locale=["zh_CN"])
        return fk.phone_number()



if __name__ == '__main__':
    pass

 

以上就是本人 selenium 自动化常用到的一些公共方法的封装。

后续可能会继续更新一些方法进去