SQL语句简单笔记
Create database database name;//创建数据库 Show databases dbName; //显示所有数据库 Create table tableName; //创建表 Show tables tName; //显示所有表 Alter table oldName rename newName; //修改表名 Desc tableName; //查看表结构 Drop table tableName; //删除表 Alter table tName add field type; //在tName表中添加字段 Alter table tName change name oldname newname type; //修改tName表字段 (Alter table tName modify field type;) Alter table tName drop field //删除字段 Insert into tName (field…)values(value…); //插入数据 Select * from tName; //查询数据 • Is null ,is not null • In(value…) ,not in(value…) //包含(value) • Like ‘value%’ ,’%value%’,’%value’,not like value //模糊查询 • Order by field asc or desc //排序 asc 升序 ,desc 降序 • ‘<>’=‘!=‘ //<> 作用同等!= • Table1 left join table2 on (condition);(inner join,right join ,full join,cross join)//连接表查询 • ResultSet1 union ResultSet2 ;(union all)//合并结果集 • Common Function //常用函数 ○ IfNull(field,defaultValue) //判断field是否为空,为空赋予defaultValue ○ Case When condition Then value1 else value 2 end //类似if else ○ If condition then v1 else v2 end if //if else判断 ○ Decode(field,condition1,result 1,condition2,result2,default) //类似if else ,field 为 condition1 则值为result1 • Group by field //分组 • Having condition //过滤 • Limit offset,quantity //分页 Update tName set field=value… where Id = value;//更新数据 Delete from tName Id =value; //删除数据 Field constraint //字段约束 • Not null (NK) //非空约束 • Unique (UK) //唯一约束 • Primary key (PK) //主键约束 ○ AUTO_INCREMENT //自动增加 • Foreign key(FK) //外键约束 ○ Constraint fk_Name foreign key (fk_field) references tName (pk_field)//简单运用方法 Create view vName as subquery; //创建视图 Create replace view vName as subquery Alter view vName as subquery //修改视图 Alter table tName add index iName(field)//添加索引 Alter table tName drop index iName //删除索引 Create trigger tName (Before or after ) (Insert,delete,Update) On tblName For each row tStmt ://(new,old value) //创建触发器 Show triggers //显示所有触发器 Drop trigger //删除触发器 Delimiter \\ Create procedure pName( in p1 type, out p2 type, in out p3 type )Begin … end \\ //创建存储过程 :(call pName();)//使用存储过程 //创建函数 Delimiter \\ create function fName( p1 type )returns int Begin Return p1; End\\