Django+xadmin打造在线教育平台（五）
目录
代码
教程
学习自慕课网-使用python3.x与Django2.0.1开发的在线教育平台
八、课程详情页功能的实现
8.1.课程列表
（1）配置urls
MxOnline/urls中
path("course/", include('course.urls', namespace="course")),
course里面新建urls.py
# course/urls.py from django.urls import path,re_path from .views import CourseListView # 要写上app的名字 app_name = "course" urlpatterns = [ path('list/',CourseListView.as_view(),name='course_list'), ]
把course-list.html拷贝到templates目录下
from django.shortcuts import render from django.views.generic import View class CourseListView(View): def get(self, request): return render(request, "course-list.html")
（2）course-list.html继承base.html
修改title，修改bread里面，content里面放course-list独有的
{#templates/course-list.html#} {% extends 'base.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block title %}公开课列表{% endblock %} {% block custom_bread %} <section> <div class="wp"> <ul class="crumbs"> <li><a href="index.html">首页</a>></li> <li>公开课</li> </ul> </div> </section> {% endblock %} {% block content %} <section> <div class="wp"> <div class="list" style="margin-top:0;"> <div class="left layout"> <div class="head"> <ul class="tab_header"> <li class="active"><a href="?sort=">最新 </a></li> <li ><a href="?sort=hot">最热门</a></li> <li ><a href="?sort=students">参与人数</a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="inWindow"> <div class="tab_cont " id="content"> <div class="group_list"> <div class="box"> <a href="course-detail.html"> <img width="280" height="350" class="scrollLoading" src="{% static 'media/courses/2016/12/mysql.jpg' %}"/> </a> <div class="des"> <a href="course-detail.html"> <h2>xadmin进阶开发</h2> </a> <span class="fl">时长：<i class="key">30</i></span> <span class="fr">学习人数：2 </span> </div> <div class="bottom"> <a href="course-detail.html"><span class="fl">来自慕课网</span></a> <span class="star fr notlogin " data-favid="15"> 1 </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="pageturn"> <ul class="pagelist"> <li class="active"><a href="?page=1">1</a></li> <li><a href="?page=2" class="page">2</a></li> <li class="long"><a href="?page=2">下一页</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right layout"> <div class="head">热门课程推荐</div> <div class="group_recommend"> <dl> <dt> <a target="_blank" href=""> <img width="240" height="220" class="scrollLoading" src="{% static 'media/courses/2016/11/540e57300001d6d906000338-240-135_n0L8vbw.jpg' %}"/> </a> </dt> <dd> <a target="_blank" href=""><h2> django与vuejs实战项目2</h2></a> <span class="fl">难度：<i class="key">高级</i></span> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> {% endblock %}
然后去后台添加十门课程
（3）列表展示
views.py
# course/views.py from django.shortcuts import render from django.views.generic import View from .models import Course class CourseListView(View): def get(self, request): all_courses = Course.objects.all() return render(request, "course-list.html",{'all_courses':all_courses})
course-list.html
<div class="group_list"> {% for course in all_course %} <div class="box"> <a href="course-detail.html"> <img width="280" height="350" class="scrollLoading" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ course.image }}"/> </a> <div class="des"> <a href="course-detail.html"> <h2>{{ course.name }}</h2> </a> <span class="fl">时长：<i class="key">{{ course.learn_times }}</i></span> <span class="fr">学习人数：{{ course.students }} </span> </div> <div class="bottom"> <a href="course-detail.html"><span class="fl">来自{{ course.course_org.name }}</span></a> <span class="star fr notlogin " data-favid="15"> {{ course.fav_nums }} </span> </div> </div> {% endfor %}
8.2.分页
try: page = request.GET.get('page', 1) except PageNotAnInteger: page = 1 p = Paginator(all_courses,2 , request=request) courses = p.page(page)
<div class="pageturn"> <ul class="pagelist"> {% if all_courses.has_previous %} <li class="long"><a href="?{{ all_courses.previous_page_number.querystring }}">上一页</a></li> {% endif %} {% for page in all_courses.pages %} {% if page %} {% ifequal page all_courses.number %} <li class="active"><a href="?{{ page.querystring }}">{{ page }}</a></li> {% else %} <li><a href="?{{ page.querystring }}" class="page">{{ page }}</a></li> {% endifequal %} {% else %} <li class="none"><a href="">...</a></li> {% endif %} {% endfor %} {% if all_courses.has_next %} <li class="long"><a href="?{{ all_courses.next_page_number.querystring }}">下一页</a></li> {% endif %} </ul> </div>
8.3.排序
class CourseListView(View): def get(self, request): all_courses = Course.objects.all().order_by('-add_time') # 热门课程推荐 hot_courses = Course.objects.all().order_by('-click_nums')[:3] # 排序 sort = request.GET.get('sort', "") if sort: if sort == "students": all_courses = all_courses.order_by("-students") elif sort == "hot": all_courses = all_courses.order_by("-click_nums") # 分页 try: page = request.GET.get('page', 1) except PageNotAnInteger: page = 1 p = Paginator(all_courses,2 , request=request) courses = p.page(page) return render(request, "course-list.html", { "all_courses":courses, 'sort': sort, 'hot_courses':hot_courses, })
<div class="head"> <ul class="tab_header"> <li class="{% ifequal sort '' %}active{% endifequal %}"><a href="?sort=" >最新 </a></li> <li class="{% ifequal sort 'hot' %}active{% endifequal %}"><a href="?sort=hot" >最热门 </a></li> <li class="{% ifequal sort 'students' %}active{% endifequal %}"><a href="?sort=students" >参与人数 </a></li> </ul> </div>
<div class="head">热门课程推荐</div> <div class="group_recommend"> {% for hot_course in hot_courses %} <dl> <dt> <a target="_blank" href=""> <img width="240" height="220" class="scrollLoading" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ hot_course.image }}"/> </a> </dt> <dd> <a target="_blank" href=""><h2> {{ hot_course.name }}</h2></a> <span class="fl">难度：<i class="key">{{ hot_course.get_degree_display }}</i></span> </dd> </dl> {% endfor %}
{#templates/course-list.html#} {% extends 'base.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block title %}公开课列表{% endblock %} {% block custom_bread %} <section> <div class="wp"> <ul class="crumbs"> <li><a href="index.html">首页</a>></li> <li>公开课</li> </ul> </div> </section> {% endblock %} {% block content %} <section> <div class="wp"> <div class="list" style="margin-top:0;"> <div class="left layout"> <div class="head"> <ul class="tab_header"> <li class="{% ifequal sort '' %}active{% endifequal %}"><a href="?sort=" >最新 </a></li> <li class="{% ifequal sort 'hot' %}active{% endifequal %}"><a href="?sort=hot" >最热门 </a></li> <li class="{% ifequal sort 'students' %}active{% endifequal %}"><a href="?sort=students" >参与人数 </a></li> </ul> </div> <div id="inWindow"> <div class="tab_cont " id="content"> <div class="group_list"> {% for course in all_courses.object_list %} <div class="box"> <a href="course-detail.html"> <img width="280" height="350" class="scrollLoading" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ course.image }}"/> </a> <div class="des"> <a href="course-detail.html"> <h2>{{ course.name }}</h2> </a> <span class="fl">时长：<i class="key">{{ course.learn_times }}</i></span> <span class="fr">学习人数：{{ course.students }} </span> </div> <div class="bottom"> <a href="course-detail.html"><span class="fl">来自{{ course.course_org.name }}</span></a> <span class="star fr notlogin " data-favid="15"> {{ course.fav_nums }} </span> </div> </div> {% endfor %} </div> <div class="pageturn"> <ul class="pagelist"> {% if all_courses.has_previous %} <li class="long"><a href="?{{ all_courses.previous_page_number.querystring }}">上一页</a></li> {% endif %} {% for page in all_courses.pages %} {% if page %} {% ifequal page all_courses.number %} <li class="active"><a href="?{{ page.querystring }}">{{ page }}</a></li> {% else %} <li><a href="?{{ page.querystring }}" class="page">{{ page }}</a></li> {% endifequal %} {% else %} <li class="none"><a href="">...</a></li> {% endif %} {% endfor %} {% if all_courses.has_next %} <li class="long"><a href="?{{ all_courses.next_page_number.querystring }}">下一页</a></li> {% endif %} </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="right layout"> <div class="head">热门课程推荐</div> <div class="group_recommend"> {% for hot_course in hot_courses %} <dl> <dt> <a target="_blank" href=""> <img width="240" height="220" class="scrollLoading" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ hot_course.image }}"/> </a> </dt> <dd> <a target="_blank" href=""><h2> {{ hot_course.name }}</h2></a> <span class="fl">难度：<i class="key">{{ hot_course.get_degree_display }}</i></span> </dd> </dl> {% endfor %} </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> {% endblock %} course-list.html
# course/views.py from django.shortcuts import render from django.views.generic import View from .models import Course from pure_pagination import Paginator, EmptyPage, PageNotAnInteger class CourseListView(View): def get(self, request): all_courses = Course.objects.all().order_by('-add_time') # 热门课程推荐 hot_courses = Course.objects.all().order_by('-click_nums')[:3] # 排序 sort = request.GET.get('sort', "") if sort: if sort == "students": all_courses = all_courses.order_by("-students") elif sort == "hot": all_courses = all_courses.order_by("-click_nums") # 分页 try: page = request.GET.get('page', 1) except PageNotAnInteger: page = 1 p = Paginator(all_courses,2 , request=request) courses = p.page(page) return render(request, "course-list.html", { "all_courses":courses, 'sort': sort, 'hot_courses':hot_courses, })
8.4.课程详情
course-detail.html复制进来
（1）url配置
re_path('course/(?P<course_id>\d+)/', CourseDetailView.as_view(), name="course_detail"),
class CourseDetailView(View): '''课程详情''' def get(self, request, course_id): return render(request, "course-detail.html", { })
在course-list.html中添加链接到详情
（2）views
class CourseDetailView(View): '''课程详情''' def get(self, request, course_id): course = Course.objects.get(id=int(course_id)) # 课程的点击数加1 course.click_nums += 1 course.save() return render(request, "course-detail.html", { 'course':course, })
（3）Course model增加
- 一个category字段
- 一个获取章节数的方法
- 一个获取这么课程的学习用户方法
class Course(models.Model): DEGREE_CHOICES = ( ("cj", "初级"), ("zj", "中级"), ("gj", "高级") ) name = models.CharField("课程名",max_length=50) desc = models.CharField("课程描述",max_length=300) detail = models.TextField("课程详情") degree = models.CharField('难度',choices=DEGREE_CHOICES, max_length=2) learn_times = models.IntegerField("学习时长(分钟数)",default=0) students = models.IntegerField("学习人数",default=0) fav_nums = models.IntegerField("收藏人数",default=0) image = models.ImageField("封面图",upload_to="courses/%Y/%m",max_length=100) click_nums = models.IntegerField("点击数",default=0) add_time = models.DateTimeField("添加时间",default=datetime.now,) course_org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name="所属机构", null=True, blank=True) category = models.CharField("课程类别",max_length=20, default="") class Meta: verbose_name = "课程" verbose_name_plural = verbose_name def get_zj_nums(self): #获取课程的章节数 return self.lesson_set.all().count() def get_learn_users(self): #获取这门课程的学习用户 return self.usercourse_set.all()[:5] def __str__(self): return self.name
（4）course-detail.html中课程详情信息显示
<div class="picbox"> <div class="tb-booth tb-pic"> <img width="440" height="445" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ course.image }}" class="jqzoom" /> </div> </div> <div class="des"> <h1 title="{{ course.name }}">{{ course.name }}</h1> <span class="key">{{ course.desc }}</span> <div class="prize"> <span class="fl">难度：<i class="key">{{ course.get_degree_display }}</i></span> <span class="fr">学习人数：{{ course.students }}</span> </div> <ul class="parameter"> <li><span class="pram word3">时 长：</span><span>{{ course.learn_times }}</span></li> <li><span class="pram word3">章 节 数：</span><span>{{ course.get_zj_nums }}</span></li> <li><span class="pram word3">课程类别：</span><span title="">{{ course.category }}</span></li> <li class="piclist"><span class="pram word4">学习用户：</span> {% for user_course in course.get_learn_users %} <span class="pic"><img width="40" height="40" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ user_course.user.image }}"/></span> {% endfor %} </li> </ul> <div class="btns">
显示课程详情
8.5.授课机构
（1）CourseOrg model添加一个获取教师数的方法
def get_teacher_nums(self): #获取机构的教师数 return self.teacher_set.all().count()
class CourseOrg(models.Model): ORG_CHOICES = ( ("pxjg", u"培训机构"), ("gx", u"高校"), ("gr", u"个人"), ) name = models.CharField('机构名称',max_length=50) desc = models.TextField('机构描述') category = models.CharField(max_length=20, choices=ORG_CHOICES, verbose_name=u"机构类别", default="pxjg") click_nums = models.IntegerField('点击数',default=0) fav_nums = models.IntegerField('收藏数',default=0) students = models.IntegerField("学习人数",default=0) course_nums = models.IntegerField("课程数",default=0) image = models.ImageField('logo',upload_to='org/%Y/%m',max_length=100) address = models.CharField('机构地址',max_length=150,) city = models.ForeignKey(CityDict,verbose_name='所在城市',on_delete=models.CASCADE) add_time = models.DateTimeField(default=datetime.now) class Meta: verbose_name = '课程机构' verbose_name_plural = verbose_name def get_teacher_nums(self): #获取机构的教师数 return self.teacher_set.all().count() def __str__(self): return self.name
（2）授课机构显示
<div class="head"> <h1>授课机构</h1> <p>世界名校，课程权威</p> </div> <div class="pic"> <a href="/company/14/"> <img width="150" height="80" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ course.course_org.image }}"/> </a> </div> <a href="/company/14/"> <h2 class="center" title="清华大学">{{ course.course_org.name }}</h2> </a> <div class="btn notlogin "data-favid="14" id="jsRightBtn"> 已收藏 </div> <div class="clear"> <ul> <li> <span>课 程 数： {{ course.course_org.course_nums }}</span> </li> <li> <span>教 师 数： {{ course.course_org.get_teacher_nums }}</span> </li> <li>所在地区： {{ course.course_org.address }}</li> <li>认 证 : <img title="金牌机构", src="{% static 'images/gold.png' %}"/> </li> </ul> </div> </div>
8.6.相关课程推荐
（1）给“Course” model添加一个“课程标签”字段
tag = models.CharField('课程标签',default='',max_length=10)
class Course(models.Model): DEGREE_CHOICES = ( ("cj", "初级"), ("zj", "中级"), ("gj", "高级") ) name = models.CharField("课程名",max_length=50) desc = models.CharField("课程描述",max_length=300) detail = models.TextField("课程详情") degree = models.CharField('难度',choices=DEGREE_CHOICES, max_length=2) learn_times = models.IntegerField("学习时长(分钟数)",default=0) students = models.IntegerField("学习人数",default=0) fav_nums = models.IntegerField("收藏人数",default=0) image = models.ImageField("封面图",upload_to="courses/%Y/%m",max_length=100) click_nums = models.IntegerField("点击数",default=0) tag = models.CharField('课程标签',default='',max_length=10) add_time = models.DateTimeField("添加时间",default=datetime.now,) course_org = models.ForeignKey(CourseOrg, on_delete=models.CASCADE, verbose_name="所属机构", null=True, blank=True) category = models.CharField("课程类别",max_length=20, default="") class Meta: verbose_name = "课程" verbose_name_plural = verbose_name def get_zj_nums(self): #获取课程的章节数 return self.lesson_set.all().count() def get_learn_users(self): #获取这门课程的学习用户 return self.usercourse_set.all()[:5] def __str__(self): return self.name
（2）views
class CourseDetailView(View): '''课程详情''' def get(self, request, course_id): course = Course.objects.get(id=int(course_id)) # 课程的点击数加1 course.click_nums += 1 course.save() # 课程标签 # 通过当前标签，查找数据库中的课程 tag = course.tag if tag: # 需要从1开始不然会推荐自己 relate_courses = Course.objects.filter(tag=tag)[:3] else: relate_courses = [] return render(request, "course-detail.html", { 'course':course, 'relate_courses':relate_courses, })
（3）前端
<div class="right layout"> <div class="head">相关课程推荐</div> <div class="group_recommend"> {% for relate_course in relate_courses %} <dl> <dt> <a target="_blank" href=""> <img width="240" height="220" class="scrollLoading" src="{{ MEDIA_URL }}{{ relate_course.image }}"/> </a> </dt> <dd> <a target="_blank" href=""><h2> {{ relate_course.name }}</h2></a> <span class="fl">学习时长：<i class="key">{{ relate_course.learn_times }}</i></span> </dd> </dl> {% endfor %} </div> </div>
8.7.课程收藏和机构收藏
{% block custom_js %}{% endblock %}，放到最下面的位置，因为是js代码，要最后加载
后端判断当前收藏转态
class CourseDetailView(View): '''课程详情''' def get(self, request, course_id): course = Course.objects.get(id=int(course_id)) # 课程的点击数加1 course.click_nums += 1 course.save() # 课程标签 # 通过当前标签，查找数据库中的课程 has_fav_course = False has_fav_org = False # 必须是用户已登录我们才需要判断。 if request.user.is_authenticated: if UserFavorite.objects.filter(user=request.user, fav_id=course.id, fav_type=1): has_fav_course = True if UserFavorite.objects.filter(user=request.user, fav_id=course.course_org.id, fav_type=2): has_fav_org = True tag = course.tag if tag: # 需要从1开始不然会推荐自己 relate_courses = Course.objects.filter(tag=tag)[:2] else: relate_courses = [] return render(request, "course-detail.html", { 'course':course, 'relate_courses':relate_courses, "has_fav_course": has_fav_course, "has_fav_org": has_fav_org, })
course-detail.html中添加Ajax
{% block custom_js %}
<script type="text/javascript">
//收藏分享
function add_fav(current_elem, fav_id, fav_type){
$.ajax({
cache: false,
type: "POST",
url:"{% url "org:add_fav" %}",
data:{'fav_id':fav_id, 'fav_type':fav_type},
async: true,
beforeSend:function(xhr, settings){
xhr.setRequestHeader("X-CSRFToken", "{{ csrf_token }}");
},
success: function(data) {
if(data.status == 'fail'){
if(data.msg == '用户未登录'){
window.location.href="/login/";
}else{
alert(data.msg)
}
}else if(data.status == 'success'){
current_elem.text(data.msg)
}
},
});
}
$('#jsLeftBtn').on('click', function(){
add_fav($(this), {{ course.id }}, 1);
});
$('#jsRightBtn').on('click', function(){
add_fav($(this), {{ course.course_org.id }}, 2);
});
</script>
{% endblock %}
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