selenium定位和键盘事件

selenium

基础操作

from selenium import webdriver  # 浏览器驱动
获取浏览器驱动对象
driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'驱动执行文件的绝对路径')
driver.get('url')

driver.find_element_by_id('xx')  # 根据id定位标签

driver.find_element_by_xpath('xxx')   # 根据xpath定位

driver.close()   # 关闭当前的浏览器窗口

driver.quit()  # 退出浏览器

driver.execute_script('alert("xxo00")')  # 执行js代码
最大/最小/指定大小
driver.maximize_window()

driver.minimize_window()

driver.set_window_size(600,400)
截屏
driver.save_screenshot('a.png')  # 直接截屏,并保存到 a.png中, 注意,图片的类型是png的

png = driver.get_screenshot_as_png()  # 获取解聘的字节流,需要自己保存到png文件中

f = open('b.png', 'wb')

f.write(png)
向input框输入文本
driver.find_element_by_xpath('xxxx').send_keys('xx')

driver.find_element_by_xpath('xxxx').clear()  # 清空文本框的值

driver.find_element_by_xpath('xxxx').click()  # 点击标签
刷新
driver.refresh()
前进/后退
driver.forward()

driver.back()
获取页面的title
title = driver.title
获取当前页面的文本内容
current_page = driver.page_source
获取当前页面的url
url = driver.current_url
获取当前/所有窗口对象
res = driver.current_window_handle

results = driver.window_handles

自动向163邮箱发送邮件

from selenium import webdriver
import time
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
用浏览器发送请求
driver.get("https://mail.163.com/")

time.sleep(4)
try:

# 点击密码登录标签

driver.find_element_by_id("switchAccountLogin").click()

time.sleep(1)

iframe = driver.find_element_by_tag_name('iframe')

driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
time.sleep(1)
driver.find_element_by_class_name('dlemail').send_keys("guo15009428458")

driver.find_element_by_class_name('dlpwd').send_keys("guo19960529")

driver.find_element_by_class_name('tabfocus').click()

time.sleep(1)

# driver.find_element_by_id('_mail_tabitem_0_3').click()

time.sleep(3)

driver.find_element_by_id('_mail_component_24_24').click()
收件人
方法一
time.sleep(3)

obj = driver.find_element_by_class_name('nui-editableAddr-ipt').send_keys("guo15009428458@163.com")
time.sleep(1)
title = driver.find_elements_by_class_name('nui-ipt-input')[2]

title.send_keys("郭建凯的selenium第一份邮件")

# driver.find_elements_by_class_name('nui-ipt-input').send_keys("郭建凯的selenium第一份邮件")
方法二，利用类值，找到标签
time.sleep(1)

iframe = driver.find_element_by_class_name('APP-editor-iframe')

driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)

driver.find_element_by_class_name('nui-scroll').send_keys("nihaoa")

driver.switch_to.default_content()
方法二，利用键盘操作
title.send_keys(Keys.TAB, "nihaoa")
time.sleep(1)

driver.find_element_by_class_name('nui-mainBtn-hasIcon').click()

finally:

time.sleep(2)

driver.quit()

id定位

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.get(url接口)
driver.find_element_by_id('su')     #里面填写标签id值

driver.find_elements_by_id('')      #找到多个标签，是一个列表，依靠索引取值
可以浏览器中索引到所需要的标签值，在谷歌浏览器是Ctrl+F,进行索引

class类值定位

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.get(url接口)

driver.find_element_by_class_name(class类值)   #里面填写标签类值

driver.find_elements_by_class_name(class类值)   #找到多个标签，是列表

css样式定位

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.get(url接口)

driver.find_element_by_css_selector('')   #在浏览器中css找到标签，右键点击copy 选择selects

driver.find_elements_by_css_elector('')   #索引到是列表

标签定位

from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.get(url接口)

driver.find_element_by_tag_selector('a')    #在浏览器中找到a标签

driver.find_elements_by_tag_selector('')

Xpath定位

#在浏览器中找到标签，右键点击copy xpath
from selenium import webdriver
driver.find_element_by_xpath('')     #xpath内容

driver.find_elements_by_xpath('')

a标签的link属性

# driver.find_element_by_link_text('xxx')      #只适用于超链接
# driver.find_elements_by_link_text('xxx')     #精确定位
# driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text('xx')    #模糊定位
# driver.find_elements_by_partial_link_text('xxx')

根据name定位

# driver.find_element_by_name('xx')
# driver.find_elements_by_name('xx')

键盘事件

import time
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

driver.get('https://pythonav.com/login/')
用户名输入值
user = driver.find_element_by_id('id_username')

user.send_keys('alexdsb')

time.sleep(1)
user.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, 'a')
time.sleep(1)
user.send_keys(Keys.DELETE)
user.send_keys(Keys.BACKSPACE)
time.sleep(2)
user.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, 'a')
time.sleep(1)
user.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, 'c')

time.sleep(3)
pwd = driver.find_element_by_id('id_password')

pwd.send_keys(Keys.CONTROL, 'v')

time.sleep(3)

pwd.send_keys(Keys.TAB, 'ABC')  # TAB之后,输入值

pwd.send_keys(Keys.TAB, Keys.ENTER)  # tab之后,直接回车