实现目标：尽量做到部署简单化、监控自动化。1、数据库信息查看脚本比较好说，将各个数据库结构参数查询脚本写成分级、附带说明的形式，每次执行脚本后即可得到完整的数据库结构参数信息。2、监控脚本，将各个数据库监控脚本写成附带说明的通俗易懂、易于部署的形式，能修改少量参数即可部署到新的环境中做监控。
--查看表锁
select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100 --监控事例的等待 select event,sum(decode(wait_Time,0,0,1)) "Prev", sum(decode(wait_Time,0,1,0)) "Curr",count(*) "Tot" from v$session_Wait group by event order by 4 ；--回滚段的争用情况 select name, waits, gets, waits/gets "Ratio" from v$rollstat a, v$rollname b where a.usn = b.usn ;--查看前台正在发出的SQL语句 select user_name,sql_text from v$open_cursor where sid in (select sid from (select sid,serial#,username,program from v$session where status='ACTIVE')) ;--数据表占用空间大小情况 select segment_name,tablespace_name,bytes,blocks from user_segments where segment_type='TABLE' ORDER BY bytes DESC ,blocks DESC;--查看表空间碎片大小 select tablespace_name,round(sqrt(max(blocks)/sum(blocks))* (100/sqrt(sqrt(count(blocks)))),2) FSFI from dba_free_space group by tablespace_name order by 1 ;--查看表空间占用磁盘情况 select b.file_id 文件ID号, b.tablespace_name 表空间名, b.bytes 字节数, (b.bytes-sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))) 已使用, sum(nvl(a.bytes,0)) 剩余空间, sum(nvl(a.bytes,0))/(b.bytes)*100 剩余百分比 from dba_free_space a,dba_data_files b where a.file_id=b.file_id group by b.tablespace_name,b.file_id,b.bytes order by b.file_id ;--查看session使用回滚段 SELECT r.name 回滚段名, s.sid, s.serial#, s.username 用户名, t.status, t.cr_get, t.phy_io, t.used_ublk, t.noundo, substr(s.program, 1, 78) 操作程序 FROM sys.v_$session s,sys.v_$transaction t,sys.v_$rollname r WHERE t.addr = s.taddr and t.xidusn = r.usn ORDER BY t.cr_get,t.phy_io ;--查看SGA区剩余可用内存 select name, sgasize/1024/1024 "Allocated(M)", bytes/1024 "自由空间(K)", round(bytes/sgasize*100, 2) "自由空间百分比(%)" from (select sum(bytes) sgasize from sys.v_$sgastat) s, sys.v_$sgastat f where f.name = 'free memory' --监控表空间I/O比例 select df.tablespace_name name,df.file_name "file",f.phyrds pyr, f.phyblkrd pbr,f.phywrts pyw, f.phyblkwrt pbw from v$filestat f, dba_data_files df where f.file# = df.file_id order by df.tablespace_name ;--监控SGA命中率 select a.value + b.value "logical_reads", c.value "phys_reads", round(100 * ((a.value+b.value)-c.value) / (a.value+b.value)) "BUFFER HIT RATIO" from v$sysstat a, v$sysstat b, v$sysstat c where a.statistic# = 38 and b.statistic# = 39 and c.statistic# = 40 --监控 SGA 中字典缓冲区的命中率 select parameter, gets,Getmisses , getmisses/(gets+getmisses)*100 "miss ratio", (1-(sum(getmisses)/ (sum(gets)+sum(getmisses))))*100 "Hit ratio" from v$rowcache where gets+getmisses <>0 group by parameter, gets, getmisses ;--监控 SGA 中共享缓存区的命中率，应该小于1% select sum(pins) "Total Pins", sum(reloads) "Total Reloads", sum(reloads)/sum(pins) *100 libcache from v$librarycache ;--监控 SGA 中重做日志缓存区的命中率，应该小于1% SELECT name, gets, misses, immediate_gets, immediate_misses, Decode(gets,0,0,misses/gets*100) ratio1, Decode(immediate_gets+immediate_misses,0,0, immediate_misses/(immediate_gets+immediate_misses)*100) ratio2 FROM v$latch WHERE name IN ('redo allocation', 'redo copy') ;--监控内存和硬盘的排序比率，最好使它小于 .10 SELECT name, value FROM v$sysstat WHERE name IN ('sorts (memory)', 'sorts (disk)') ;--监控字典缓冲区 SELECT SUM(GETS) "DICTIONARY GETS",SUM(GETMISSES) "DICTIONARY CACHE GET MISSES" FROM V$ROWCACHE --非系统用户建在SYSTEM表空间中的表 SELECT owner,table_name FROM DBA_TABLES WHERE tablespace_name in('SYSTEM','USER_DATA') AND owner NOT IN('SYSTEM','SYS','OUTLN', 'ORDSYS','MDSYS','SCOTT', 'HOSTEAC')
--性能最差的SQL SELECT * FROM ( SELECT PARSING_USER_ID EXECUTIONS,SORTS,COMMAND_TYPE,DISK_READS,sql_text FROM v$sqlarea ORDER BY disk_reads DESC) WHERE ROWNUM<100 --读磁盘数超100次的sql select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where disk_reads>100 --最频繁执行的sql select * from sys.v_$sqlarea where executions>100 --查询使用CPU多的用户session select a.sid,spid,status,substr(a.program,1,40) prog,a.terminal,osuser,value/60/100 value from v$session a,v$process b,v$sesstat c where c.statistic#=12 and c.sid=a.sid and a.paddr=b.addr order by value desc --当前每个会话使用的对象数 SELECT a.sid,s.terminal,s.program,count(a.sid) FROM V$ACCESS a,V$SESSION s WHERE a.owner <> 'SYS'AND s.sid = a.sid GROUP BY a.sid,s.terminal,s.program ORDER BY count(a.sid)
