使用Spring Security实现权限管理

使用Spring Security实现权限管理

1、技术目标

• 了解并创建Security框架所需数据表
• 为项目添加Spring Security框架
• 掌握Security框架配置
• 应用Security框架为项目的CRUD操作绑定权限

2、权限管理需求描述

• 为系统中的每个操作定义权限，如定义4个权限：
   1）超级权限，可以使用所有操作
   2）添加影片权限
   3）修改影片权限
   4）删除影片权限
• 为系统设置管理员帐号、密码
• 为系统创建权限组，每个权限组可以配置多个操作权限，如创建2个权限组：
   1）"Administrator"权限组，具有超级权限
   2）"影片维护"权限组，具有添加影片、修改影片权限
• 可将管理员加入权限组，管理员登录后具备权限组所对应操作权限
• 管理员可不属于某权限组，可为管理员直接分配权限

3、使用准备

3.1）在数据库中创建6张表

t_admin        管理员帐号表

t_role权限表

t_group        权限组表

t_group_role权限组对应权限表

t_group_user管理员所属权限组表

t_user_role管理员对应权限表

 

 

Sql代码 

   -- ----------------------------  
    -- 创建管理员帐号表t_admin  
    -- ----------------------------  
CREATE TABLE `t_admin` (  
      `id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY (`id`),  
      `passwd` VARCHAR(12) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用户密码',  
      `nickname` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用户名字',  
      `phoneno` VARCHAR(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '电话号码'   
    )
    -- 添加3个管理帐号   
    INSERT INTO `t_admin` VALUES ('1', 'admin', 'admin', '');  
    INSERT INTO `t_admin` VALUES ('4', '123456', 'test', '');  
    INSERT INTO `t_admin` VALUES ('5', '111111', '111111', '');  
    COMMIT;
    -- ----------------------------  
    -- 创建权限表t_role  
    -- ----------------------------  
 CREATE TABLE `t_role` (  
      `id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY (`id`),  
      `role` VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',  
      `descpt` VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '角色描述',  
      `category` VARCHAR(40) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '分类'  
    ) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=60 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
    -- ----------------------------  
     -- 加入4个操作权限  
     -- ----------------------------  
    INSERT INTO `t_role` VALUES ('1', 'ROLE_ADMIN', '系统管理员', '系统管理员');  
    INSERT INTO `t_role` VALUES ('2', 'ROLE_UPDATE_FILM', '修改', '影片管理');  
    INSERT INTO `t_role` VALUES ('3', 'ROLE_DELETE_FILM', '删除', '影片管理');  
    INSERT INTO `t_role` VALUES ('4', 'ROLE_ADD_FILM', '添加', '影片管理');
    COMMIT;
    -- ----------------------------  
    -- 创建权限组表  
    -- ----------------------------  
    CREATE TABLE `t_group` (  
      `id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  
      `groupname` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',  
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`)  
    )
    -- ----------------------------  
    -- 添加2个权限组
    -- ----------------------------  
    INSERT INTO `t_group` VALUES ('1', 'Administrator');  
    INSERT INTO `t_group` VALUES ('2', '影片维护');
    COMMIT;
    -- ----------------------------  
    -- 创建权限组对应权限表t_group_role  
    -- ----------------------------  
    CREATE TABLE `t_group_role` (  
      `id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  
      `groupid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,  
      `roleid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,  
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`),  
      UNIQUE KEY `groupid2` (`groupid`,`roleid`),  
      KEY `roleid` (`roleid`),  
      CONSTRAINT `t_group_role_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`groupid`) REFERENCES `t_group` (`id`),  
      CONSTRAINT `t_group_role_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`roleid`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`)  
    ) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=83 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
    -- ----------------------------   
    -- 加入权限组与权限的对应关系
    -- ----------------------------  
    INSERT INTO `t_group_role` VALUES ('1', '1', '1');  
    INSERT INTO `t_group_role` VALUES ('2', '2', '2');  
    INSERT INTO `t_group_role` VALUES ('4', '2', '4');
    COMMIT;
    -- ----------------------------  
    -- 创建管理员所属权限组表t_group_user
    -- ----------------------------   
    CREATE TABLE `t_group_user` (  
      `id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  
      `userid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,  
      `groupid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,  
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`),  
      KEY `userid` (`userid`),  
      KEY `groupid` (`groupid`),  
      CONSTRAINT `t_group_user_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`groupid`) REFERENCES `t_group` (`id`),  
      CONSTRAINT `t_group_user_ibfk_3` FOREIGN KEY (`userid`) REFERENCES `t_admin` (`id`)  
    ) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=18 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
    -- ----------------------------   
    -- 将管理员加入权限组
    -- ----------------------------  
    INSERT INTO `t_group_user` VALUES ('1', '1', '1');  
    INSERT INTO `t_group_user` VALUES ('2', '4', '2');
    COMMIT;
    
    -- ----------------------------  
    -- 创建管理员对应权限表t_user_role  
    -- 设置该表可跳过权限组，为管理员直接分配权限
    -- ----------------------------  
    CREATE TABLE `t_user_role` (  
      `id` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,  
      `userid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,  
      `roleid` BIGINT(20) UNSIGNED NOT NULL,  
      PRIMARY KEY (`id`),  
      KEY `userid` (`userid`),  
      KEY `roleid` (`roleid`),  
      CONSTRAINT `t_user_role_ibfk_1` FOREIGN KEY (`userid`) REFERENCES `t_admin` (`id`),  
      CONSTRAINT `t_user_role_ibfk_2` FOREIGN KEY (`roleid`) REFERENCES `t_role` (`id`)  
    ) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=5 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

3.2）在项目中新增如下jar包(security框架所需jar包)：

 

    注意：以下jar包本文已提供下载

 

spring-security-config-3.1.0.RC2.jar

spring-security-core-3.1.0.RC2.jar

spring-security-taglibs-3.1.0.RC2.jar

spring-security-web-3.1.0.RC2.jar

 

3.3）创建如下包，放置登录验证过滤器代码：

 

com.xxx.security

 

3.4）在src下创建Spring配置文件applicationContext-security.xml，内容如下：

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

    <beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
        xmlns:b="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                            http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">

    <!-- 这里进行配置 -->

</beans:beans>

 

3.5）在web.xml中加入security配置，如下：

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <web-app version="2.5"
        xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
        http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
      <welcome-file-list>
        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
      </welcome-file-list>

        <context-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>/WEB-INF/applicationContext-*.xml,classpath*:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
        </context-param>

        <!-- 配置Spring Security -->
        <filter>
            <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>

        <filter>
            <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
            <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
        </filter>
        <filter-mapping>
            <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
            <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
        </filter-mapping>
        <listener>
            <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
        </listener>
    </web-app>

 

 

4、站点根路径下创建登录页面login.jsp，代码如下：

 

 

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path;
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>后台登录</title>
</head>
<body onload="document.loginForm.j_username.focus();">
    <!-- 登录表单 -->
    <form name="loginForm" action="<c:url value='/j_spring_security_check'/>" method="post">
        <!-- 登录失败后，显示之前的登录名 -->
        用户名：<input type='text' name='j_username' class="txtinput"
        value='<c:if test="${not empty param.login_error}" >
        <c:out value="${SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_USERNAME}"/></c:if>' />
        <br />
        密码：<input type='password' name='j_password' class="txtinput" />
        <br />

        <input type="checkbox" name="_spring_security_remember_me" />
        &nbsp;保存登录信息
        <input name="submit" type="submit" value="提交" />
        <input name="reset" type="reset" value="重置" />

    </form>
    <br />
    <!-- 显示登录失败原因 -->
    <c:if test="${not empty param.error}">
        <font color="red"> 登录失败<br />
        <br />
        原因: <c:out value="${SPRING_SECURITY_LAST_EXCEPTION.message}" />. </font>
    </c:if>
</body>
</html>

 

 

5、站点根路径下创建注销页面loggedout.jsp，代码如下：

 

 

<%@page session="false" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path;
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
      <title>登出</title>
  </head>
<body>
你已经退出。
<a href="<c:url value='/login.jsp'/>">点击这里登录</a>
</body>
</html>

 

 

6、站点根路径下创建HttpSession超时提示页面timeout.jsp，代码如下：

 

 

<%@page session="false" %>
<%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page pageEncoding="UTF-8" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path;
%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
      <title>用户失效</title>
  </head>
<body>
你的登录已经失效，请重新登录。
<br />
<a href="<c:url value='/login.jsp'/>" >
点击这里登录</a>
</body>
</html>

 

 

7、在com.xxx.security包下创建登录验证过滤器，该过滤器可用于在管理员登录时进行日志记录等相关操作，包括两个类：

 

 

• LoginUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter
• LoginSuccessHandler

 

7.1）LoginUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter代码如下：

 

 

package com.xxx.security;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter;

public class LoginUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter extends
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter {

}

 

7.2）LoginSuccessHandler代码如下：

 

 

package com.xxx.security;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler;

/**
 * 处理管理员登录日志
 *
 */
public class LoginSuccessHandler extends SavedRequestAwareAuthenticationSuccessHandler{

    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request,
            HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException,
            ServletException {

        UserDetails userDetails = (UserDetails)authentication.getPrincipal();

        //输出登录提示信息
        System.out.println("管理员 " + userDetails.getUsername() + " 登录");

        super.onAuthenticationSuccess(request, response, authentication);
    }

}

 

 

8、在applicationContext-security.xml中加入权限管理配置，如下：

 

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/security"
    xmlns:b="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/security http://www.springframework.org/schema/security/spring-security-3.1.xsd">

    <http >
        <!-- 不拦截login.jsp -->
        <intercept-url pattern="/login.jsp*" access="IS_AUTHENTICATED_ANONYMOUSLY" />
        <!--仅拦截到manager下面的内容，具备access对应权限的-->
        <intercept-url pattern="/manager/**" access="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_UPDATE_FILM,ROLE_DELETE_FILM,ROLE_ADD_FILM" />
        <!-- 设置登录过滤器 -->
        <custom-filter before="FORM_LOGIN_FILTER" ref="authenticationProcessingFilter" />
        <!-- 登录表单设置 -->
        <form-login login-page="/login.jsp"
            default-target-url="/manager/films.jsp"
            authentication-failure-url="/login.jsp?error=true" />

        <!-- 登出操作后跳转到该页面 -->
        <logout logout-success-url="/loggedout.jsp"
            delete-cookies="JSESSIONID" />
        <remember-me />

        <!-- SESSION超时后跳转到该页面 -->
        <session-management invalid-session-url="/timeout.jsp">
        </session-management>
    </http>

    <authentication-manager alias="authenticationManager">
        <authentication-provider>
            <!--
                直接使用SQL语句查询登录帐号对应权限，
                users-by-username-query：查询登录用户是否存在
                authorities-by-username-query：查询登录用户权限(登录用户可以不属于任何组，从t_user_role表中获取权限)
                group-authorities-by-username-query：查询登录用户所在组的权限
            -->
            <jdbc-user-service data-source-ref="dataSource"
            group-authorities-by-username-query="SELECT g.id,g.groupname,role.role
                             FROM t_group AS g
                             LEFT OUTER JOIN t_group_role AS grouprole ON (g.id = grouprole.groupid)
                             LEFT OUTER JOIN t_role AS role ON (role.id = grouprole.roleid)
                             LEFT OUTER JOIN t_group_user AS groupuser on (g.id = groupuser.groupid)
                             LEFT OUTER JOIN t_admin ON (t_admin.id = groupuser.userid)
                             WHERE t_admin.nickname = ?"
                users-by-username-query="SELECT t_admin.nickname AS username,t_admin.passwd as password,'true' AS enabled
                             FROM t_admin
                             WHERE t_admin.nickname = ?"
                authorities-by-username-query="SELECT t_admin.nickname AS username,role.role as authorities
                               FROM t_admin
                               LEFT OUTER JOIN t_user_role AS userrole ON(t_admin.id = userrole.userid)
                               LEFT OUTER JOIN t_role AS role ON (userrole.roleid = role.id)
                               WHERE t_admin.nickname = ?" />
        </authentication-provider>
    </authentication-manager>

    <!-- 自定义消息 -->
    <b:bean id="messageSource"
        class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <b:property name="basename"
            value="classpath:org/springframework/security/messages" />
    </b:bean>

    <!-- 定制登录过滤器 -->
    <beans:bean id="loginSuccessHandler" class="com.xxx.security.LoginSuccessHandler">
        <b:property name="defaultTargetUrl">
            <!-- 登录成功后转发到该页面 -->
            <b:value>/manager/films.jsp</b:value>
        </b:property>
    </beans:bean>
    <beans:bean id="authenticationProcessingFilter" class="com.xxx.security.LoginUsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter">
    <beans:property name="authenticationSuccessHandler" ref="loginSuccessHandler"></beans:property>
    <beans:property name="authenticationFailureHandler" ref="authenticationFailureHandler"></beans:property>
    <beans:property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager"></beans:property>
    </beans:bean>
    <beans:bean id="authenticationFailureHandler" class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler">
    <beans:property name="defaultFailureUrl">
        <!-- 登录失败后转发到该页面 -->
        <beans:value>/login.jsp?error=true</beans:value>
    </beans:property>
    </beans:bean>

</beans:beans>

 

 

9、为影片页面films.jsp定制操作权限，定制后，不同的帐号登录会看到不同的操作，

比如，帐号"admin"属于权限组"Administrator"，具备权限"ROLE_ADMIN"，登录后

可以看到所有操作，帐号"test"属于权限组"影片维护"，具备权限"ROLE_UPDATE_FILM"

和"ROLE_ADD_FILM"，登录后只能看到"添加影片信息"和"修改"操作

 

films.jsp页面权限分布图：

 

 

films.jsp代码如下：

 

 

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="security"
    uri="http://www.springframework.org/security/tags"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <title>信息操作</title>
  </head>
  <body>
    <s:form action="/film/findFilm" method="post">
        <s:submit value=" 获取所有影片信息 "></s:submit>
    </s:form>
    <!-- 添加影片操作，登录帐号具备ROLE_ADMIN权限或者ROLE_ADD_FILM权限可以执行 -->
    <security:authorize ifAnyGranted="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_ADD_FILM">
    <a href="<%=basePath %>manager/insertFilm.jsp">添加影片信息</a><br />
    </security:authorize>

    <s:if test="filmList != null">
        <table border="1" width="40%">
    <tr>
        <th>序号</th><th>影片名</th><th>操作</th>
    </tr>
        <%-- 遍历影片信息 --%>
        <s:iterator var="film" value="filmList" status="st">
            <tr>
                <td><s:property value="#st.index+1" /></td>
                <td><s:property value="fname" /></td>
                <td>

                    <!-- 修改影片操作，登录帐号具备ROLE_ADMIN权限或者ROLE_UPDATE_FILM权限可以执行 -->
                    <security:authorize ifAnyGranted="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_UPDATE_FILM">
                        <s:url id="detailUrl" value="/film/detailFilm">
                                    <s:param name="id" value="%{id}"/>
                                    </s:url>
                        <s:a href="%{detailUrl}">[修改]</s:a>&nbsp;
                    </security:authorize>
                    <!-- 删除影片操作，登录帐号具备ROLE_ADMIN权限或者ROLE_DELETE_FILM权限可以执行 -->
                    <security:authorize ifAnyGranted="ROLE_ADMIN,ROLE_DELETE_FILM">
                        <s:url id="deleteUrl" value="/film/deleteFilm">
                                    <s:param name="id" value="%{id}"/>
                                    </s:url>
                        <s:a href="%{deleteUrl}">[删除]</s:a>
                    </security:authorize>
            </td>
            </tr>
        </s:iterator>
    </table>
    </s:if>
  </body>
</html>