bud

In botany, a bud is an undeveloped or embryonic shoot and normally occurs in the axil of a leaf or at the tip of a stem. Once formed, a bud may remain for some time in a dormant condition, or it may form a shoot immediately. Buds may be specialized to develop flowers or short shoots, or may have the potential for general shoot development. The term bud is also used in zoology, where it refers to an outgrowth from the body which can develop into a new individual. 在植物学中，芽是未发育的芽或胚胎芽，通常出现在叶腋或茎尖。芽一旦形成，可能会在休眠状态下停留一段时间，也可能会立即形成芽。芽可能是专门用来发育花或短枝的，或者可能具有一般芽发育的潜力。“芽”一词也用于动物学，它指的是从身体中生长出来的，可以发育成新的个体。

The buds of many woody plants, especially in temperate or cold climates, are protected by a covering of modified leaves called scales which tightly enclose the more delicate parts of the bud. Many bud scales are covered by a gummy substance which serves as added protection. When the bud develops, the scales may enlarge somewhat but usually just drop off, leaving a series of horizontally-elongated scars on the surface of the growing stem. 许多木本植物的芽，尤其是在温带或寒冷的气候下，被一层叫做鳞片的改良叶保护着，鳞片紧紧地包裹着芽的更脆弱的部分。许多芽鳞被一种粘性物质覆盖，起到额外的保护作用。当芽发育时，鳞片可能会有所扩大，但通常只是脱落，在生长的茎表面留下一系列水平拉长的疤痕。

By means of these scars one can determine the age of any young branch, since each year's growth ends in the formation of a bud, the formation of which produces an additional group of bud scale scars. Continued growth of the branch causes these scars to be obliterated after a few years so that the total age of older branches cannot be determined by this means. By means of these scars one can determine the age of any young branch, since each year's growth ends in the formation of a bud, the formation of which produces an additional group of bud scale scars. Continued growth of the branch causes these scars to be obliterated after a few years so that the total age of older branches cannot be determined by this means.

A cotton bud or Q-tip is a small stick with a ball of cotton wool at each end, which people use, for example, for applying make-up.

The taste buds are the little points on the surface of the tongue which enable recognizing the flavour of a food or drink.

A Bud may mean a Budweiser. Budweiser (/ˈbʌdwaɪzər/) is an American-style pale lager produced by Anheuser-Busch, part of AB InBev. 百威（Budwiser）是一款美式淡啤酒，由百威英博旗下的安海斯-布施（Anheuser-Busch）生产。

六级/考研单词: botany, bud, norm, stem, zoology, modify, enclose, delicate, enlarge, scar, cotton, wool, make-up, flavor