c++命名空间

using namespace std;
namespace A {
    int a = 100;
    namespace B            //嵌套一个命名空间B
    {
        int a = 20;
    }
}

int a = 200;//定义一个全局变量


int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    cout << "A::a =" << A::a << endl;        //A::a =100
    cout << "A::B::a =" << A::B::a << endl;  //A::B::a =20
    cout << "a =" << a << endl;              //a =200
    cout << "::a =" << ::a << endl;          //::a =200

    using namespace A;
    cout << "a =" << a << endl;     // Reference to 'a' is ambiguous // 命名空间冲突，编译期错误
    cout << "::a =" << ::a << endl; //::a =200

    int a = 30;
    cout << "a =" << a << endl;     //a =30
    cout << "::a =" << ::a << endl; //::a =200

    //即：全局变量 a 表达为 ::a，用于当有同名的局部变量时来区别两者。

    using namespace A;
    cout << "a =" << a << endl;     // a =30  // 当有本地同名变量后，优先使用本地，冲突解除
    cout << "::a =" << ::a << endl; //::a =200


    return 0;
}