Celery学习---Celery 与django结合实现计划任务功能

项目的目录结构:

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项目前提: 安装并启动Redis

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安装Django和Celery的定时任务插件

安装方法一: pip直接安装【安装了pip的前提下】

omc@omc-virtual-machine:~$  pip3 install django-celery-beat

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安装方法二:直接源安装

pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple django-celery-beat

CeleryTest/settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = [
   ...
 'app01',   # 注册app
'django_celery_beat',  # Celery的定时任务和Django结合

]
MIDDLEWARE = [
...
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
      ...
]

STATICFILES_DIRS = (os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "statics"),)  # 现添加的配置,这里是元组,注意逗号
TEMPLATES = [
   ...
   'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
]
# for celery
CELERY_BROKER_URL = 'redis://192.168.2.105',
CELERY_BACKEND_URL = 'redis://192.168.2.105',  # 用于Celery的返回结果的接收

插件利用创建表来管理定时任务的

omc@omc-virtual-machine:~/Celery/CeleryTest$ cd /home/omc/Celery/CeleryTest
omc@omc-virtual-machine:~/Celery/CeleryTest$ python3 manage.py migrate

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CeleryTest/urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import url, include
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
   url(r'index/', views.Index),
]

app01/tasks.py  文件名必须为tasks.py

# 文件名必须为tasks.py,Djaogo才能发现Celery
from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
from celery import shared_task

# Django starts so that the @shared_task decorator (mentioned later) will use it:  
@shared_task    # Django的各个App里都可以导入这个任务,否则只能在app01这个Django的App内使用
def add(x, y):
    return x + y

@shared_task
def mul(x, y):
    return x * y

@shared_task
def xsum(numbers):
    return sum(numbers)

CeleryTest/celery.py 文件名必须为celery.py

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals
import os
from celery import Celery

# set the default Django settings module for the 'celery' program.
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'CeleryTest.settings')

app = Celery('CeleryTest')

# Using a string here means the worker don't have to serialize
# the configuration object to child processes.
# - namespace='CELERY' means all celery-related configuration keys
#   should have a `CELERY_` prefix.
app.config_from_object('django.conf:settings', namespace='CELERY')

# Load task modules from all registered Django app configs.
app.autodiscover_tasks()
@app.task(bind=True)
def debug_task(self):
    print('Request: {0!r}'.format(self.request))

CeleryTest/__init__.py

from __future__ import absolute_import, unicode_literals

# This will make sure the app is always imported when
# Django starts so that shared_task will use this app.
from .celery import app as celery_app

__all__ = ['celery_app']

上传文件到Linux服务器【Linux服务器需安装好Django服务】

需要Ubuntu下安装Django

pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple django

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在Linux的后台启动任务:

omc@omc-virtual-machine:~/Celery/CeleryTest$ python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:9000

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在Linux的后台创建super用户:

omc@omc-virtual-machine:~/Celery/CeleryTest$  cd /home/omc/Celery/CeleryTest
omc@omc-virtual-machine:~/Celery/CeleryTest$  python3 manage.py createsuperuser

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在Win7下浏览器访问:

http://192.168.2.105:9000/admin/

在admin页面里,多了4张表

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添加存储计划:页面之间添加即可

Intervals表创建一个10秒的任务

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添加一个periodictask任务

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注意:到此只是存储了一个定时计划而已,执行不了

         Celery-beat调度器从Django内读取任务后发布给Celery的worker去执行

Linux后台启动Celery的worker

omc@omc-virtual-machine:~/Celery/CeleryTest$  cd /home/omc/Celery/CeleryTest
omc@omc-virtual-machine:~/Celery/CeleryTest$  celery -A  CeleryTest worker -l info

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启动Celery-beat的调度器:从django内读取定时任务让后台worker执行

omc@omc-virtual-machine:/etc/redis$ cd /home/omc/Celery/CeleryTest/
omc@omc-virtual-machine:~/Celery/CeleryTest$ celery -A CeleryTest beat -l info -S django  

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右侧定时调取,左侧执行任务

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简单梳理一下:后台上传Django和Celery整合后的文件,配置好Celery-beat后,在Linux后台启动Django项目,从Win7下访问admin进入页面后有一个定时任务的配置页面,配置好了页面的定时任务后,在Linux后台启动Celery的worker, 启动Celery-beat的调度器。此时调度器从Django内的schedule表中获取任务同时调用Celery的worker去执行任务,从而达到定时执行任务的效果。

问题解决

跨机器访问[Win7访问Linux下Django服务]:

问题现象一:直接无法访问:

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# 9000端口仅仅监测本机的连接
omc@omc-virtual-machine:~$ netstat -an|grep 9000

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问题定位: Django启动方式错误

问题解决: 重新启动Django项目

错误的:python3 manage.py runserver 9000   【少了定向IP】
正确的:python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:9000

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问题现象二:Win7下访问Linux下的Django和Celery结合的项目

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问题解决:

更改settings.py里面的ALLOWED_HOSTS配置后重启服务

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*']  # 所有都可以访问image

问题二:

问题现象: AttributeError: module 'CeleryTest' has no attribute 'celery'

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问题定位: 1.未进入到项目内,所以无法找到命名为celery的文件

                2.项目内没有一个命名为celery.py的文件

posted @ 2018-08-10 22:38  小a玖拾柒  阅读(485)  评论(1编辑  收藏  举报