2.4.4.1、Django新建APP（acounts）
$django-admin.py startapp accounts
在oss/accounts修改forms.py(新建)和views.py如下：
注：绿字部分为注释
views.py
################################################################
#coding=utf-8 from django.core.urlresolvers import reverse from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect from django.shortcuts import render_to_response from django.template import RequestContext from django.contrib import messages from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login as auth_login ,logout as auth_logout from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ from forms import RegisterForm,LoginForm def index(request): '''首页视图''' template_var={"w":_(u"欢迎您，请登录!")}//初始化字典，key=w if request.user.is_authenticated()://如果用户登录返回值为1 template_var["w"]=_(u"欢迎您 %s!")%request.user.username//修改字典key=w对应的值为username return render_to_response("accounts/welcome.html",template_var,context_instance=RequestContext(request))//每个视图函数的返回值，具体可参照官方文档，这里表示用accounts/welcome.html模板渲染 def register(request)://注册用户视图 '''注册视图''' template_var={} form = RegisterForm()//调用forms.py中RegisterForm() ，初始化form if request.method=="POST"://模板register.html用POST方法提交表单 form=RegisterForm(request.POST.copy()) if form.is_valid()://判断表单是否有效 username=form.cleaned_data["username"]//先判断再赋值 email=form.cleaned_data["email"] password=form.cleaned_data["password"] user=User.objects.create_user(username,email,password)//调用Django.auth中创建用户的函数创建用户create_user() user.save()//存储添加的用户到数据库 _login(request,username,password)#注册完毕 直接登陆//调用veiws.py中的登录核心方法 return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("index"))//登录成功跳转到urls中对应name=index的视图 template_var["form"]=form//把form中存储的user,password,email记录在字典template_var中 return render_to_response("accounts/register.html",template_var,context_instance=RequestContext(request)) def login_view(request): '''登陆视图''' template_var={} form = LoginForm() if request.method == 'POST': form=LoginForm(request.POST.copy()) if form.is_valid(): _login(request,form.cleaned_data["username"],form.cleaned_data["password"]) return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse("index")) template_var["form"]=form return render_to_response("accounts/login.html",template_var,context_instance=RequestContext(request)) def _login(request,username,password): '''登陆核心方法''' ret=False user=authenticate(username=username,password=password) if user: if user.is_active: auth_login(request,user)//调用Django的login方法（这里是重命名的，参照from XX import XX as xx） ret=True else: messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, _(u'用户没有激活')) else: messages.add_message(request, messages.INFO, _(u'用户不存在')) return ret//返回登录状态 def logout_view(request): '''注销视图''' auth_logout(request) return HttpResponseRedirect(reverse('index'))//注销后跳转到index
forms.py
#coding=utf-8 from django import forms from django.contrib.auth.models import User from django.utils.translation import ugettext_lazy as _ class RegisterForm(forms.Form): username=forms.CharField(label=_(u"昵称"),max_length=30,widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'size': 20,})) password=forms.CharField(label=_(u"密码"),max_length=30,widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={'size': 20,})) email=forms.EmailField(label=_(u"邮件"),max_length=30,widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'size': 30,})) def clean_username(self): '''验证重复昵称''' users = User.objects.filter(username__iexact=self.cleaned_data["username"]) if not users: return self.cleaned_data["username"] raise forms.ValidationError(_(u"该昵称已经被使用请使用其他的昵称")) def clean_email(self): '''验证重复email''' emails = User.objects.filter(email__iexact=self.cleaned_data["email"]) if not emails: return self.cleaned_data["email"] raise forms.ValidationError(_(u"该邮箱已经被使用请使用其他的")) class LoginForm(forms.Form): username=forms.CharField(label=_(u"昵称"),max_length=30,widget=forms.TextInput(attrs={'size': 20,})) password=forms.CharField(label=_(u"密码"),max_length=30,widget=forms.PasswordInput(attrs={'size': 20,}))
在oss/templates/accounts中添加login.html,register.html和welcome.html
################################################################
login.html
<html lang="en"> <head> <title>Account Login</title> </head> <body> {% if messages %} <ul> {% for message in messages %} <li>{{ message }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endif %} <form action="" method="post"> {% csrf_token %}//防止用户重复非法登录 <table border="0" cellpadding="0" > {{form.as_table}} </table> <p> <a href="{%url "register_view"%}">注册</a> <a href="{%url "index"%}">返回首页</a> <input type="submit" value="登录"/></p> </form> </body> </html>
################################################################
Register.html
<html lang="en"> <head> <title>用户注册</title> </head> <body><form action="" method="post">{% csrf_token %} <table border="0" cellpadding="0" > {{form.as_table}} </table> <p> <a href="{% url "login_view" %}">登陆</a> <a href="{% url "index" %}">返回首页</a> <input type="submit" value="注册"/></p> </form> </body> </html>
################################################################
Welcome.html
<html lang="en"> <head> <title>Welcome!</title> </head> <body> <h2>{{w}}</h2>//调用login视图里的字典（key=w） <hr/> {% if messages %} <ul class="messages"> {% for message in messages %} <li{% if message.tags %} class="{{ message.tags }}"{% endif %}>{{ message }}</li> {% endfor %} </ul> {% endif %} {% if user.is_authenticated %} <a href="{% url "logout_view" %}">注销</a> <a href="{% url "index_oss" %}">返回hrloo_oss主页</a> {% else %} <a href="{% url "login_view" %}">登陆</a> | <a href="{% url "register_view" %}">注册</a> {% endif %} </body> </html>
在oss/urls.py 中添加如下url
url(r'^accounts/login/$', 'oss.accounts.views.login_view', name='login_view'),
url(r'^accounts/logout$', 'oss.accounts.views.logout_view', name='logout_view'),
url(r'^accounts/register$', 'oss.accounts.views.register', name='register_view'),
现在启动web服务：python manage.py runserver 10.1.1.145:8000
访问url:http://10.1.1.145:8000/accounts/login 就可以看到登录界面，注册和登出操作访问相应url就可以实现。
