[转]依赖注入框架Autofac的简单使用

本文转自:http://www.nopchina.net/post/autofac.html

 话说nopcommerce底层用到了autofac框架,这里转了一篇文章简单说明一下:

Autofac是一款IOC框架,比较于其他的IOC框架,如Spring.NET,Unity,Castle等等所包含的,它很轻量级性能上也是很高的。于是,今天抽空研究了下它。下载地址:http://code.google.com/p/autofac/downloads/list

1)解压它的压缩包,主要看到Autofac.dll,Autofac.Configuration.dll,这也是本篇文章重点使用的Autofac的类库。

2)创建一个控制台工程,并且引用以上的DLL文件。创建一个数据库操作接口IDatabase.cs:

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///<summary>
/// Database operate interface
///</summary>
public interface IDatabase
{
string Name { get; }
 
void Select(string commandText);
 
void Insert(string commandText);
 
void Update(string commandText);
 
void Delete(string commandText);
}

这里包含CRUD四种操作的方法。

 

3)创建两种数据库的操作类,SqlDatabase.cs以及OracleDatabase.cs:

 
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public class SqlDatabase : IDatabase
{
public string Name
{
get { return "sqlserver"; }
}
 
public void Select(string commandText)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a query sql in {1}!", commandText, Name));
}
 
public void Insert(string commandText)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a insert sql in {1}!", commandText, Name));
}
 
public void Update(string commandText)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a update sql in {1}!", commandText, Name));
}
 
public void Delete(string commandText)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a delete sql in {1}!", commandText, Name));
}

以及

 
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public class OracleDatabase : IDatabase
{
public string Name
{
get { return "oracle"; }
}
 
public void Select(string commandText)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a query sql in {1}!", commandText, Name));
}
 
public void Insert(string commandText)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a insert sql in {1}!", commandText, Name));
}
 
public void Update(string commandText)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a update sql in {1}!", commandText, Name));
}
 
public void Delete(string commandText)
{
Console.WriteLine(string.Format("'{0}' is a delete sql in {1}!", commandText, Name));
}
}

4)接着创建一个数据库管理器DatabaseManager.cs:

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public class DatabaseManager
{
IDatabase _database;
 
public DatabaseManager(IDatabase database)
{
_database = database;
}
 
public void Search(string commandText)
{
_database.Select(commandText);
}
 
public void Add(string commandText)
{
_database.Insert(commandText);
}
 
public void Save(string commandText)
{
_database.Update(commandText);
}
 
public void Remove(string commandText)
{
_database.Delete(commandText);
}
 
}
1
  

5)在控制台中,编写以下测试程序:

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var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>();
builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();
using (var container = builder.Build())
{
var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Search("SELECT * FORM USER");
}

运行结果:

image

分析:

这里通过ContainerBuilder方法RegisterType对DatabaseManager进行注册,当注册的类型在相应得到的容器中可以Resolve你的DatabaseManager实例。

builder.RegisterType<SqlDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();通过AS可以让DatabaseManager类中通过构造函数依赖注入类型相应的接口。

Build()方法生成一个对应的Container实例,这样,就可以通过Resolve解析到注册的类型实例。

 

同样地,如果你修改数据库类型注册为:

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builder.RegisterType<OracleDatabase>().As<IDatabase>();

运行结果:

image

 

6)显然以上的程序中,SqlDatabase或者OracleDatabase已经暴露于客户程序中了,现在我想将该类型选择通过文件配置进行读取。Autofac自带了一个Autofac.Configuration.dll 非常方便地对类型进行配置,避免了程序的重新编译。

修改App.config:

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<configuration>
<configSections>
<section name="autofac" type="Autofac.Configuration.SectionHandler, Autofac.Configuration"/>
</configSections>
<autofac defaultAssembly="AutofacDemo">
<components>
<component type="AutofacDemo.SqlDatabase, AutofacDemo" service="AutofacDemo.IDatabase"/>
</components>
</autofac>
</configuration>
 

通过Autofac.Configuration.SectionHandler配置节点对组件进行处理。

对应的客户端程序改为:

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var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>();
builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac"));
using (var container = builder.Build())
{
var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Search("SELECT * FORM USER");

运行结果:

image

7)另外还有一种方式,通过Register方法进行注册:

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var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
//builder.RegisterType<DatabaseManager>();
builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac"));
builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>()));
using (var container = builder.Build())
{
var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
manager.Search("SELECT * FORM USER");

得到结果也是一样的。

8)现在我想通过一个用户类来控制操作权限,比如增删改的权限,创建一个用户类:

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///<summary>
/// Id Identity Interface
///</summary>
public interface Identity
{
int Id { get; set; }
}
 
 
public class User : Identity
{
public int Id { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
}

修改DatabaseManager.cs代码:

 
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public class DatabaseManager
{
IDatabase _database;
User _user;
 
public DatabaseManager(IDatabase database) : this(database, null)
{
}
 
public DatabaseManager(IDatabase database, User user)
{
_database = database;
_user = user;
}
 
///<summary>
/// Check Authority
///</summary>
///<returns></returns>
public bool IsAuthority()
{
bool result = _user != null && _user.Id == 1 && _user.Name == "leepy" ? true : false;
if (!result)
Console.WriteLine("Not authority!");
 
return result;
}
 
public void Search(string commandText)
{
_database.Select(commandText);
}
 
public void Add(string commandText)
{
if (IsAuthority())
_database.Insert(commandText);
}
 
public void Save(string commandText)
{
if (IsAuthority())
_database.Update(commandText);
}
 
public void Remove(string commandText)
{
if (IsAuthority())
_database.Delete(commandText);
}

在构造函数中增加了一个参数User,而Add,Save,Remove增加了权限判断。

修改客户端程序:

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User user = new User { Id = 1, Name = "leepy" };
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();
builder.RegisterModule(new ConfigurationSettingsReader("autofac"));
builder.RegisterInstance(user).As<User>();
builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>(), c.Resolve<User>()));
 
using (var container = builder.Build())
{
var manager = container.Resolve<DatabaseManager>();
 
manager.Add("INSERT INTO USER ...");
}
 

运行结果:

image 分析:

builder.RegisterInstance(user).As<User>();注册User实例。

builder.Register(c => new DatabaseManager(c.Resolve<IDatabase>(), c.Resolve<User>()));通过Lampda表达式注册DatabaseManager实例。

如果这里我修改User的属性值:

User user = new User { Id = 2, Name = "zhangsan" };

运行结果:

image

说明该用户无权限操作。

posted on 2015-10-26 16:13  freeliver54  阅读(216)  评论(0编辑  收藏  举报

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